Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A survey of the literature reveals little data regarding modern aviation and combat-related stress, fatigue, or psychiatric disabilities. What little is known about combat fatigue in aircrew is largely inferred from literature written about ground personnel. Understanding the unique aviation environment is necessary in order to develop effective combat fatigue prevention programs. This paper reviews and summarizes the literature regarding aeromedical aspects of combat stress reactions. Combat stress, fatigue, and psychiatric disabilities are common battlefield conditions, but are largely preventable. If not prevented or treated appropriately, combat stress reactions will frequently lead to more serious psychiatric disabilities, causing the evacuation of the combatant away from his or her unit with no expectation of return to duty. Appropriate intervention using the basic principles of proximity, immediacy, and expectancy are crucial in reducing these casualties and returning aviation personnel to combat duty.
 ...
PMID:Combat stress, combat fatigue, and psychiatric disability in aircrew. 781 57

Carrier Air Wing FIVE (U.S.S. Independence) sustained and continuous operations during the onset of Operation Southern Watch provided an opportunity to evaluate fatigue and responses to fatigue in naval aviation aircrew personnel. We compiled U.S. Navy Carrier Air Wing Five (CVW-5) aircrew subjective fatigue reports during and immediately after the 18 d of intensive carrier aviation operations enforcing the "No Fly Zone" over southern Iraq. This survey provided indicators for monitoring fatigue during patrols of 5-6 hours. Also addressed are the most commonly used methods to combat fatigue, including caffeine tablets and nicotine gum.
 ...
PMID:A subjective study of fatigue during Navy flight operations over southern Iraq: Operation Southern Watch. 807 30

Data about tiredness and lack of energy from 91 bone marrow transplant (BMT) survivors and 73 patients receiving maintenance chemotherapy were collected. A correlational evaluation revealed that these two distressing symptoms were associated with physical, psychological, cognitive and social dimensions of quality of life (QOL). A stepwise regression model for BMT survivors showed that both tiredness and lack of energy could be predicted by the combined effect of difficulty concentrating and overall psycho-social adjustment. In addition, dizziness was also influencing tiredness. Lack of energy was predicted in the chemotherapy patients with the combined effects of adjustment to social environment, shortness of breath and psychological symptom distress (R2 = 0.80). In the same group of patients, tiredness was explained by a model consisting mainly of physical symptoms and cognitive symptoms, associated probably with the chemotherapy they were receiving, together with social adjustment (R2 = 0.86). The identification of the reasons behind tiredness and lack of energy in cancer patients, broadly defining fatigue and commonly experienced by them, will have implications for both patient education and the design of appropriate interventions to combat fatigue.
 ...
PMID:A correlational evaluation of tiredness and lack of energy in survivors of haematological malignancies. 1036 49

Clearly, fatigue is a large and challenging problem for those suffering from fibromyalgia. It adds greatly to the morbidity and disability associated with the disease. In the management of this specific symptom in fibromyalgia, attention should first be focused on identifying comorbidities that may be present and contribute to fatigue. As with other symptoms of fibromyalgia, education is a critical component of management. This can be done by the practitioner, with available free resources, or with specialized cognitive behavioral programs. This education process can be augmented with a variety of other nonpharmacologic therapies, especially very gradually increasing, low-impact, aerobic exercise programs. Numerous pharmacologic therapies may also be helpful as an adjunct to treatment. Classes of compounds that raise central levels of norepinephrine or dopamine appear to be the most specific for management of fatigue. There are also many medications used to combat fatigue in other disorders that have not yet been adequately explored as to the possible benefits in alleviating the fatigue of fibromyalgia. Advances in the management of fatigue in fibromyalgia are likely to come from a variety of directions. Easier access to well designed nonpharmacologic therapies is essential, because these treatments are underutilized in clinical practice at present. Improvements in pharmacologic therapies will come from new insights into mechanisms, especially those that might only be present in subsets of patients and would respond to more targeted therapies.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of fatigue in fibromyalgia. 1212 24

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic disease which can often be severe, progressive and necessitate liver transplantation. The cause of PBC is not known, and treatments other than liver transplantation are often not effective. Among the more common and troublesome symptoms of PBC is fatigue. The etiology of fatigue in PBC is not well-understood, and there is no known treatment for it. Here, we suggest that for a number of reasons that the safe and commonly used oral antidepressant bupropion might be effective for fatigue in PBC: (1) increased monoaminergic and dopaminergic tone to combat fatigue, (2) treatment of concomitant depression, (3) in general for PBC as a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) lowering agent, if TNF is eventually found to play a role in PBC pathogenesis.
 ...
PMID:Bupropion for fatigue and as a tumor necrosis factor-alpha lowering agent in primary biliary cirrhosis. 1553 26

Fatigue has been reported as the most frequently occurring symptom in cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy. The purpose of the current descriptive study was to explore the pattern, associated factors, and experience of fatigue in Chinese cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Twenty-seven subjects from an out patient clinic of a university hospital in Hong Kong participated in the study. They were asked to complete three times daily (morning, afternoon and evening) a diary over a period of two weeks from the beginning of their therapy. The diary incorporated a 10-cm horizontal visual analogue scale (VAS) for measuring fatigue intensity. Further, the Chinese version of the fatigue subscale of the Profile of Mood States was completed before the radiotherapy, at the end of the first week post-treatment, and at the end of the second week. Most patients (44-80.8%) undergoing radiotherapy in this study experienced fatigue at some point during their treatment. The pattern of fatigue was that of repeated curves, with higher levels observed in the afternoons and evenings, and at the end of the first week or the end of the second week. Qualitative data indicated the universal sensations of fatigue and also some culturally specific descriptors. A variety of methods were used by the patients to cope with their fatigue but the effects of such methods were not always positive. It is important for clinical practice to assess the individual patterns and perceptions of fatigue, identify those patients at risk for developing fatigue and initiate interventions to combat fatigue.
 ...
PMID:Fatigue patterns in Chinese patients receiving radiotherapy. 1555 Mar 63

Chronic fatigue is considered a complex symptom for which currently there is no curative treatment available. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of fatigue and antioxidant treatment might be a valuable therapeutic approach. The Kani, a tribal high altitude living population in southern India, traditionally use the seeds of Trichopus zeylanicus to combat fatigue. In this study, the antioxidant properties of Trichopus zeylanicus were established on free radicals (DPPH and ABTS), its ability to reduce iron, lipoxygenase activity and hydrogen peroxide-induced lipid peroxidation. The effects of Trichopus zeylanicus on reactive oxygen species induced plasmid DNA (pBR322) cleavage were also investigated. Trichopus zeylanicus significantly scavenged free radicals, reduced lipid peroxidation and inhibited lipoxygenase activity. Trichopus zeylanicus also exhibited iron-chelating activity and inhibited reactive oxygen species induced DNA damage. Trichopus zeylanicus contains NADH, polyphenols and sulfhydryl compounds, which have the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species suggesting that the antioxidant activity may be an important mechanism of action of Trichopus zeylanicus to combat fatigue.
 ...
PMID:Antioxidant and DNA protecting properties of anti-fatigue herb Trichopus zeylanicus. 1617 68

Being awake, alert, and able to function in our 24-7 world is a challenge in the face of the fatigue and sleepiness engendered by long work hours, unusual work schedules, sickness, and other factors. Development of effective treatments to combat fatigue and sleepiness requires an understanding of the neurobiology of wakefulness. In this brief review, we examine the neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and molecular basis of the wakeful state to provide a framework for understanding current and future pharmacologic approaches to modification of wakefulness. The spontaneously awake state can be defined as a natural state of vigilance or arousal differing from natural sleep in both behavior and neural activity. These differences have long intrigued researchers and largely have been characterized in the brain areas and neurochemical systems affecting the sleep and wake states. Many of the strategies for promoting the awake condition involve manipulation or modulation of specific neurochemical systems with the ultimate goal of enhancing wakefulness, diminishing sleepiness, or both. Wakefulness is an important cortical function that depends on the coordinated effort of multiple brain areas including the thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain to integrate and relay information from the brainstem to the cortex. Norepinephrine and serotonin-long considered arousal-enhancing transmitters as well as glutamate, acetylcholine, histamine, and the neuromodulators hypocretin-orexins and adenosine, are known to affect the signal transduction in these brain areas and initiate, promote, or enhance wakefulness. Use of molecular tools to evaluate the awake, asleep, and sleep-deprived state has revealed novel insights concerning the gene expression events associated with wakefulness. Understanding wakefulness at this level undoubtedly will contribute to the development of pharmacologic approaches to promote or enhance the wakeful state. We caution, however, that sleep may have a necessary, restorative function for the brain; therefore, prolonging wakefulness for long periods through artificial means could have unexpected and perhaps detrimental consequences on brain health.
 ...
PMID:The pharmacology of wakefulness. 1697 20

Truck driver fatigue is a major safety issue for truck drivers and the public in general. Although training prepares drivers to effectively operate a truck, it tends to minimize the importance of working constraints faced daily on-the-job and thus reduces its impact on safety and effectiveness. With experience, drivers develop skills to combat fatigue. Documenting these skills can contribute to improved training of apprentices. An ethnographic approach was used to better understand the real-life fatigue management skills of truck drivers. Participant observation was used to analyze the activity of apprentices in training and the activity of truck drivers at work. Observations indicated that training focused on time management and regulations, but did not prepare trainees to manage real-life constraints. Experienced drivers were not merely managing time; rather they were managing working constraints (including time) as a whole. To do so, they used two strategies: managing psycho-physical transformations and dynamic work planning. By integrating psycho-physical preoccupations into all aspects of work and by preparing future drivers to face real-life constraints, we could better train and prepare apprentices. Drivers do develop effective skills to combat fatigue which can improve training and better prepare future drivers to face daily constraints. These improvements can have a significant impact on fatigue and safety in the transportation industry.
 ...
PMID:Fatigue management by truck drivers in real life situations: some suggestions to improve training. 1794 92

Psychotrauma occurs as a result to a traumatic event, which may involve witnessing someone's actual death or personally experiencing serious physical injury, assault, rape and sexual abuse, being held as a hostage, or a threat to physical or psychological integrity. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder and was defined in the past as railway spine, traumatic war neurosis, stress syndrome, shell shock, battle fatigue, combat fatigue, or post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS). If untreated, post-traumatic stress disorder can impair relationships of those affected and strain their families and society. Deployed soldiers are especially at a high risk to be affected by PTSD but often receive inadequate treatment. Reviews to date have focused only on a single type of treatment or groups of soldiers from only one country. The aim of the current review was to evaluate characteristics of therapeutic methods used internationally to treat male soldiers' PTSD after peacekeeping operations in South Eastern Europe and the Gulf wars.This systematic literature review returned results pertaining to the symptoms, diagnosis, timing and effectiveness of treatment. Sample groups and controls were relatively small and, therefore, the results lack generalizability. Further research is needed to understand the influence and unique psychological requirements of each specific military operation on the internationally deployed soldiers.
 ...
PMID:Psychotrauma and effective treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in soldiers and peacekeepers. 1964 16


1 2 Next >>