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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The provoking mechanism of peripheral vestibular disorder in the cervicovestibular syndrome is discussed on the basis of the results of perivascular sympathectomy of the vertebral artery. The peripheral type of this syndrome can be differentiated from the central type in that it shows fatigue due to positioning nystagmus and the reversion phenomenon in the self-recording cupulogram. 42 cases of the peripheral type could be completely cured of episodes of vertigo by the unilateral operation, but the other 6 cases required bilateral operations to prevent such episodes.
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PMID:Peripheral vestibular disorder of cervical origin. 31 36

The first autopsy of a case of multiple sclerosis from the District of Hokuriku was reported. The patient, a 50-year-old house-wife, born in Toyama Prefecture, had noticed a paresthesia of her face, fatigue, numbness and weakness in the right limbs, dimness of vision and gait disturbance at ave 44. Furthermore, in the course of the disease, she had suffered from visual disorder, tetraplegia, hyperreflexia, pyramidal signs and cerebellar syndroms such as dysarthria, nystagmus, intention tremor and ataxia. She also showed symptoms of euphoria and dementia. After a course of six years she died of bronchopneumonia. Remissions and exacerbations were noted four times during her clinical history. Histopathologically, there were many recent and old demyelinating lesions of varying sizes and shapes in all parts of the central nervous system, namely the cerebrum, brainstem, spinal cord and optic nerve. In contrast to the clinical symptoms, the cerebellum itself revealed less plaques than the other areas of the brain. According to the observed distributions of the lesions, our case can be classified as belonging to the optico-cerebro-spinal type in the Ikuta and Zimmerman classification. The demyelinated lesions were characterized by a perivenular distribution of the plaques, lack of tissue necrosis, paucity of inflammatory reaction and marked fibrous gliosis of varying degrees.
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PMID:First autopsy report of a multiple sclerosis case in Hokuriku District of Japan. 53 38

Latency, duration, and amplitude of response, frequency of nystagmic beats, and speed of the slow component of calorically-induced nystagmus were studied by ENG in 14 normal-hearing adults. Attention was directed toward differences as a function of stimulus temperature (30 degrees C vs 44 degrees C) and side of stimulation. Nystagmus amplitudes were significantly larger from R ear as compared to L ear irrigations, and from cool as compared to warm. Ssc's from cool irrigations were also significantly larger than from warm. A series of t-tests computed for correlated samples indicated that the R ear 30 degrees irrigation, which was the first stimulus for all Ss, was responsible for the significant differences. Implications of the need for research on caloric interstimulus intervals and vestibular response fatigue were presented, and a procedure outlined to avoid erroneous results in caloric testing.
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PMID:A study of five parameters of calorically-induced nystagmus in the clinical situation. 54 7

Infrared oculography was performed during sustained lateral gaze in 12 normal subjects to investigate end-point nystagmus while fixating a target light. Five failed to develop nystagmus despite deviation up to 40 degrees from 4 to 5 min. Six subjects developed nystagmus immediately or shortly after reaching the deviated position. In one, the nystagmus (0.5 degrees to 1 degree and 1.0 Hz) began with only a 20 degree deviation. In another subject, "fatigue" nystagmus developed after 1 min at 30 degrees, and at 35 degrees nystagmus began within 2 sec. One subject developed only fatigue nystagmus, which began after more than 4 min of sustained deviation. In all instances the slow phase had primarily a linear, rather than exponential, waveform.
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PMID:End-point nystagmus. 65 75

A group of 27 patients with various types of epilepsy were selected for a 6-month double-blind crossover study to compare the anticonvulsant effect and toxicity of eterobarb and phenobarbital. No statistically significant differences in seizure frequency were found among the 21 patients who completed the 6-month trial, but three others, in whom status epilepticus developed during the crossover from eterobarb to phenobarbital, had to be removed from the trial. The study provided some indication that when eterobarb and phenobarbital were used in high dosage with corresponding high serum barbiturate levels (over 30 mug per milliliter), eterobarb had a superior therapeutic effect. Side effects from both drugs included tiredness, sleepiness, nystagmus, and infrequently ataxia, but serious systemic toxicity did not occur. This study showed that eterobarb is a safe and potent anticonvulsant comparable in efficacy to phenobarbital, and the superior results obtained in some patients with eterobarb therapy indicate that it is an effective alternative anticonvulsant.
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PMID:Eterobarb therapy in epilepsy. 82 67

Normal subjects were exposed to two kinds of optokinetic stimulation, viz. at speeds of 60 degrees/s and 90 degrees/s preceded by acceleration at 6 degrees/s2 and 4.5 degrees/s2, respectively. In most subjects the speed of the eye in the slow nystagmus phase equalled the speed of the rotating device during the acceleration at velocities up to about 60 degrees/s. The eye then lagged behind the speed of the optokinetic stimulus. The upper limit for linear increase in the eye speed of the slow nystagmus phase has been named the "optokinetic fatigue threshold". A new clinical test permitting quantitative assessment of the optokinetic response has been introduced. The maximum eye speed in the slow nystagmus phase has been found to be the most appropriate parameter. Presentation of the results in the form of special charts, named optokinograms, is recommended. Optokinetic disturbances of varying kinds were noted mostly in patients with CNS disorders, but also in patients with diseases of the inner ear.
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PMID:Optokinetic test comprising both acceleration and constant velocity stimulation (ACV-OKN test). 90 10

Maximum velocity and amplitude of repetitive ( 1-per-second) 30 degrees saccadic eye movements were quantitatively assessed for 4 minutes before and after intravenous edrophonium chloride as a diagnostic test for myasthenia gravis. Atropine was given initially to suppress muscarinic side effects. Eye movements were recorded by electrooculography and a digital computer identified saccadic eye movements and plotted amplitude-velocity relationships. When compared with control subjects, eleven of twelve patients with proven MG had a significant increase in saccade amplitude and/or maximum velocity after edrophonium chloride. Only three of twelve proven MG patients had clinically apparent extraocular muscle weakness. The initial period of fatigue improved the sensitivity of the test in those patients who began with normal saccade amplitude and maximum velocity. Two of the patients with positive saccade fatigue tests had no change in optokinetic nystagmus amplitude before and after edrophonium chloride. It is concluded that, quantitative assessment of repetitive large angle saccades before and after edrophonium chloride is a sensitive test for extraocular muscle involvement in MG.
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PMID:Saccade fatigue and response to edrophonium for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. 106 99

The clinical eye signs of 31 myasthenic patients are presented and those signs important for an early diagnosis are then discussed: lid symptoms caused by fatigue (Simpson-test), characteristic lid twitches as well as alternating asymmetrical eye muscle pareses. The importance of an investigation with the tangent scale in the course of which tensilon is injected is pointed out. False diagnosis and differential diagnostic signs are then considered (disseminated sclerosis, aneeurysm, encephalitis, pseudopulbarparalysis). - Our electronystagmographical investigations of saccadic eye movements showed hypometric, alternating saccades with occasional nystagmuslike jerks. After Tensilon injection hypermetric saccades (overshoots) were observed which depended on a disproportion of the supranuclear oculomotor centers and the eye muscles. The "muscleparetic" nystagmus is a pathologically increased endposition nystagmus. The hypometric nystagmuslike jerks during a saccadic eye movement are caused by insufficient phasic innervation.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of myasthenic eye signs. Clinical signs and electronystagmographical findings of saccadic eye movements (author's transl)]. 120 48

A medical expert's opinion had to be given on five patients complaining about temporary visual disturbances. 1. Haze caused by keratoconjunctivitis sicca; 2. changing refraction related to diabetes; 3. phosphenes in a paralyzed monoculus; 4. double vision with fatigue in myasthenia; 5. presumed elevation of the risk for accidents in congenital nystagmus. The loss of earning capacity in these cases should be calculated as the mean of the earning capacity during the phases of least and maximal disturbance, if it is not yet included in the loss caused by additional stationary defects. Psychological adaptation to or an additional disturbance by the disease has to be considered and may justify a higher loss of earning capacity.
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PMID:[Temporary vision disorders, accentuated by deficient illness adjustment]. 175 76

Saccadic eye movements were examined by electro-oculography in 21 patients with suspected myasthenia gravis. The presence of dissociated nystagmus and quiver eye movements was also assessed. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of saccadic abnormalities in the early stage of the disease. Pathological oculographic findings consisted of intra and post saccadic disorders and intersaccadic variability. A fatigue test was useful in detecting latent disorders in most patients. A Tensilon test was positive in 11 out of 16 patients with oculographic abnormalities. Diagnostic problems, apparently paradoxical findings and differential involvement of extraocular muscle fibers are discussed.
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PMID:Saccadic eye movements analysis in the early diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. 179 Nov 33


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