Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We identified eight patients (six women and two men) who had pulmonary infiltrates during treatment with minocycline hydrochloride between 1989 and 1992 in French referral centers for drug-induced pulmonary diseases. Clinical files, chest roentgenograms, computed tomographic scans, pulmonary function, and bronchoalveolar lavage data were reviewed. Minocycline treatment was given for acne (n = 4), genital infection (n = 3), and Lyme disease (n = 1). The duration of treatment averaged 13 +/- 5 days (mean +/- SE); the total dose, 2060 +/- 540 mg. Patients presented with dyspnea (n = 8), fever (n = 7), dry cough (n = 5), hemoptysis (n = 1), chest pain (n = 2), fatigue (n = 3), and rash (n = 3). Chest roentgenograms showed bilateral infiltrates in all cases. Pulmonary function was measured in five patients; four had airflow obstruction and two had mild restriction. Blood gas tests demonstrated hypoxemia in seven patients (58 +/- 3 mmHg). Seven patients had blood eosinophilia (1.76 +/- 0.2 x 10(9)/L). Bronchoalveolar lavage (performed in seven patients) showed an increased proportion of eosinophils (0.30 +/- 0.07). The Cd4+/CD8+ ratio was determined in four cases and was low in three. Transbronchial lung biopsy, performed in two patients, showed interstitial pneumonitis in both patients, with marked infiltration by eosinophils in one patient. The outcome was favorable in all patients. Because of severe symptoms, steroid therapy was required in three patients. Rechallenge was not attempted. We conclude that minocycline can induce the syndrome of pulmonary infiltrates and eosinophilia, that presenting symptoms may be severe and may culminate in transient respiratory failure, and that the disease has a favorable prognosis.
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PMID:Minocycline pneumonitis and eosinophilia. A report on eight patients. 803 Dec 12

We characterized urinary excretion of C3 fragments among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as a possible indicator of renal involvement. 28 patients, representing a broad range of disease activity were admitted to our study. Urinary proteins were separated on 4-20% gradient SDS-PAGE gels, under reducing conditions, and transblotted to nitrocellulose. Western blots were developed with a polyvalent goat-anti-human C3d antiserum, and an alkaline phosphatase-conjugated rabbit anti-goat IgG. Three patterns were obtained: 1) no bands detected; 2) bands suggesting the presence of intact C3; and 3) samples with additional low molecular (< 4 x 10(4)) bands. The 12 patients with no C3 bands had minimal disease activity (e.g. fatigue, arthralgia, arthritis, rash, oral ulcers). The seven patients with intact C3 patterns also had minimally active disease. Their primary clinical findings included fatigue, pleurisy, renal disease which had been treated, hemolytic anemia, and arthritis. Patients with low molecular weight C3 fragments in their urine formed two sub-sets, based upon their presenting features. The first group had severe disease and contained all patients with active lupus nephritis (n = 4), while the second consisted of non-renal patients with primary clinical findings of moderate disease activity (e.g. thrombocytopenia, pneumonitis, arthritis). Our results suggest urinary excretion of low molecular weight C3 fragments correlates with active renal disease, but is a variable finding among SLE patients with non-renal manifestations of disease activity.
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PMID:Complement C3 fragments in urine: detection in systemic lupus erythematosus patients by western blotting. 819 18

Three hundred and twenty-three individuals with self-reported food allergy were recruited by media advertisements. Questionnaire information was collected on all respondents. Chocolate (57%), milk (47%), wheat (36%) and food additives (35%) were the most frequently implicated foods. The most frequently reported symptoms were itching (43%), skin rash (43%) and tiredness (43%). Food avoidance was the most common form of food allergy diagnosis (33%) with only 8% of respondents reporting food challenge in food allergy diagnosis. Self-diagnosis was reported by 34% of respondents with 29% and 24% reporting diagnosis by a general practitioner or a homeopath, respectively. Twenty-four per cent of respondents 'always' avoided and a further 57% 'nearly always' avoided the implicated food(s). A group of 38 adults with self-reported 'milk allergy' was selected for further study. Dietary assessments, using the dietary history method, were carried out on this subgroup and on age-, sex- and occupation-matched controls. The results of the dietary assessments revealed that the 'milk allergy' group had significantly higher intakes of fibre, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, iron and folic acid (P < 0.05) and significantly lower intakes of calcium (P < 0.002) in comparison to controls. Eighteen per cent of the group used milk alternatives. Thirty-four per cent of the 'milk allergy' group took calcium-containing supplements. Even after calcium supplementation, the mean calcium intake of those who completely avoided milk was unacceptably low (441 mg/d).
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PMID:Calcium intakes in individuals on diets for the management of cows' milk allergy: a case control study. 824 25

Over 100 cases of disorders closely resembling classic autoimmune diseases have been reported among patients who were injected or implanted with a diverse group of chemicals including paraffins, vegetable oils or silicone. Most cases have occurred in silicone breast implant recipients, especially those who received their prostheses 2-10 years prior to onset of symptoms. A high proportion of patients exhibit classic signs and symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome or scleroderma. Affected patients typically experience some combination of fatigue, myalgia, joint pain, sicca syndrome (dry eyes and mouth), synovitis, rash, alopecia, muscular weakness or lymphadenopathy, and autoantibody formation. Less commonly, patients may have the CREST syndrome (calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomena, esophageal hypomotility, sclerodactyly and telangiectasias), hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, or central nervous system pathology.
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PMID:Silicone-reactive disorder: a new autoimmune disease caused by immunostimulation and superantigens. 828 1

An initial clinical trial of alpha-difluoromethylornithine given p.o. daily for 6 months was carried out in 27 subjects free of disease following surgery for malignancy or in a defined high-risk group for cancer. The aim was to determine the highest nontoxic dose, principal side effects, and pharmacokinetic parameters. The starting dose was 200 mg/m2/day in divided doses with escalation each month in the absence of toxicity to 6400 mg/m2/day or to the highest nontoxic dose, whichever was lower. When the highest nontoxic dose was reached, this dose was continued to complete 26 weeks of treatment. Twenty-two subjects completed 26 weeks of alpha-difluoromethylornithine treatment of whom 20 reached a nontoxic dose of at least 1600 mg/m2/day. The dose-limiting toxicity was loss of high-tone auditory acuity on an audiogram. Other side effects included diarrhea, fatigue, joint pain, insomnia, and rash. Pharmacokinetics were linear with dose. Area under the plasma concentration x time curve and maximum plasma concentration of alpha-difluoromethylornithine did not predict for development of ototoxicity. The dose for phase II chemoprevention studies should not exceed 1600 mg/m2/day.
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PMID:Evaluation of alpha-difluoromethylornithine as a potential chemopreventive agent: tolerance to daily oral administration in humans. 831 77

We investigated the long-term health effects of HIV-1 infection in homosexual men not close to developing AIDS by comparing 916 HIV-1-seropositive (SP) men at least 1.67-3.67 years prior to a clinical AIDS diagnosis to 2,161 HIV-1-seronegative (SN) controls. The SP group reported a higher total of 12 distinct symptoms (fatigue, shortness of breath, night sweats, rash, cough, diarrhea, headache, thrush, skin discoloration, fever, weight loss, and sore throat/mouth) than did the SN group (p < 0.0001), corresponding to at least 5.6 more days/year of such symptoms. The SP group had lower body mass index (p < 0.0001) and lower hemoglobin (p < 0.0001). The SP group was more depressed, as measured by CES-D score (p = 0.047), before knowledge of one's serostatus was likely, and became even further depressed (p = 0.038 for increase in depression) after the HIV-1 serostatus test was accessible to high-risk groups. These associations remained unchanged in multivariate models, incorporating other covariates.
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PMID:Signs and symptoms of "asymptomatic" HIV-1 infection in homosexual men. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. 826 59

Efficacy and tolerability of the new antiepileptic drug oxcarbazepine, was evaluated in a retrospective multicentre study. The records of all 947 epilepsy patients treated with oxcarbazepine in the eight participating centres from 1981 through 1990 were examined. The median daily dose of oxcarbazepine was 30 mg/kg in children, 18 mg/kg in adults, and 15 mg/kg in elderly patients, given b.i.d. or t.i.d. The mean plasma levels of the main active metabolite of oxcarbazepine was 88, 79, and 68 mumol/l in children, adults, and elderly, respectively. In patients shifted to oxcarbazepine treatment, seizure frequency was unchanged in 51-66%, 32-48% had a decrease, and 1-10% an increase in seizure frequency, considering the individual seizure types separately. Adverse events were reported in one third of patients, most frequently affecting the CNS (dizziness: 6%; sedation: 6%; fatigue: 6%). Rash was reported in 6% of patients, half of these patients had previously had an allergic reaction to carbamazepine. Hyponatremia was found in about a quarter of the patients from whom data were available. No congenital malformations were seen in nine live-born, first trimester oxcarbazepine-exposed children.
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PMID:Therapeutic experiences with 947 epileptic out-patients in oxcarbazepine treatment. 847 94

The National Biotherapy Study Group conducted a phase I/II trial of alpha-interferon (IFN) plus radiation therapy (RT) in glioma patients to confirm the feasibility of combining these two modalities. Patients newly diagnosed gliomasreceived external beam RT as 180 cGy in 33 fractions over six to seven weeks, five days a week, and IFN at a dose of 3 MIU SC Monday, Wednesday and Friday of each week. IFN was increased to 5 MIU after two weeks and was given for up to 16 weeks. Patients were monitored for toxicity and failure-free and overall survival. There were 12 men and seven women with an age range of 24-77, and a median age of 64 years. There were 12 glioblastomas and seven advanced astrocytomas. Complete surgical resection was carried out in two patients, nine had a partial resection, and eight had a biopsy only. Two patients in the latter group deteriorated rapidly and received < 2 weeks of RT/IFN. One patient stopped IFN because of a skin rash, another stopped because of concurrent pneumonia, and one patient was noncompliant. RT and IFN were well-tolerated; 14 of the 19 patients completed the eight weeks of IFN/RT. However, only three patients took IFN for the maximum of 16 weeks. The only grade 4 toxicities noted were increases SGOT in three, increases alk phos in two, and severe fatigue in four patients. The median failure-free survival was two months, median survival was 7.5 months, and four patients survived beyond one year. The longest survivor was 29.1 months, and one patient is still alive after 20.7 months. IFN/RT can be safely co-administered in patients with gliomas. A randomized trial would be needed to establish clinical benefit.
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PMID:Interferon alpha-2a and external beam radiotherapy in the initial management of patients with glioma: a pilot study of the National Biotherapy Study Group. 859 Aug 91

The growth stimulatory effects of interleukin-3 (IL-3) on normal hematopoietic progenitor cells are well established, and clinical trials using IL-3 after bone marrow transplantation for various malignancies including lymphomas are frequently conducted. Although the IL-3 receptor is expressed on the surfaces of follicular small cleaved-cell lymphoma (FSCCL) cells, the in vivo effects of IL-3 on FSCCL have not been studied previously. Because our preclinical data suggested that IL-3 may have dose-dependent inhibitory effects on FSCCL cells in vitro, we treated eight FSCCL patients with high-dose IL-3 in an outpatient setting. Each patient received 1 mg/m2 of IL-3 subcutaneously daily for 14 days followed by 7 days without IL-3. After three courses (9 weeks), the patients were evaluated for clinical responses. One patient had a minor response, and four had no responses. Three patients who had progressive disease before IL-3 treatment continued to have progressive disease. In two patients with bone marrow involvement with lymphoma, IL-3 had no effect on FSCCL cells. One patient with peripheral blood involvement with FSCCL cells that expressed IL-3 receptors had temporary growth arrest of the circulating malignant cells. IL-3 significantly increased the absolute neutrophil count in seven patients (87%) but had little effect on the number of normal circulating B cells. There was an increase in the number of circulating natural killer cells and CD8+ cells in four patients. Treatment was very well tolerated; no life-threatening toxicities were observed. The most common toxicities were injected conjunctivae (100%), fever (100%), fatigue (87%), and skin rash (75%). Most of the side effects subsided with the continued use of IL-3. These preliminary results suggest that high-dose IL-3 does not stimulate the growth of FSCCL cells in vivo and, in some instances, may cause growth inhibition.
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PMID:A pilot study of high-dose interleukin-3 treatment of relapsed follicular small cleaved-cell lymphoma: hematologic, immunologic, and clinical results. 863 14

In an open prospective study. 40 patients with progressing painful bone metastases received 45 mg pamidronate by 1-h infusion every 3 weeks. A total of 27 patients (67%; 95% CI 53%-81%) experienced relief of pain as shown by the significant reduction of the bone pain score after three pamidronate administrations (from 2.25 +/- 0.64 to 1.15 +/- 0.36). Furthermore, 20 patients (60%) reduced their consumption of analgesics. We did not observe any objective response by skeletal radiological examination. In 11 patients presenting a skeletal progressive disease, bone pain improved, as well as their mobility score, but not their fatigue score. Treatment was well tolerated. Only 1 patient discontinued the treatment because of fever and cutaneous rash after the first administration. In conclusion, our results seem to confirm that pamidronate exerts a benefical effect on bone pain and mobility impairment in patients with painful osteolytic bone metastases.
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PMID:Pamidronate in patients with painful bone metastases, who failed initial treatment with hormones and/or chemotherapy. 877 Dec 91


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