Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) may initially present with cutaneous hyperpigmentation. Addison's disease, when associated with autoimmune thyroid disease and/or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is referred to as polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II. We present the case of a patient who initially was diagnosed as having Grave's disease and eventually Addison's disease due to persistent cutaneous hyperpigmentation, fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, hyponatremia, peripheral eosinophilia, and positive results of a synthetic corticotropin stimulation test. Addison's disease, polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II, and cutaneous hyperpigmentation are reviewed.
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PMID:Cutaneous hyperpigmentation and polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type II. 904 Sep 76

Seven outbreaks of trichinosis occurred in Zhengzhou (central China) from 1992 to 1996, 250 patients were diagnosed. Trichinella larvae were found in 3 of 4 portions of the pork examined and in 5 of 7 cases by muscle biopsy. There was a higher occurrence of outbreaks in winter. Young and middle-aged workers, cadres and merchants were the majority of patients, (higher in males than in females). The most important clinical manifestations were fever, eyelid edema, tiredness and eosinophilia without any gastrointestinal symptoms, rash and with less myalgia. Anti-Trichinella antibodies were detected by IF in 62.6% individuals with the history of infection. The specific antibodies were only observed in 78% patients one week after onset of disease, while the antibody positive rate was increased to 92.5%, 97.6% and 100% two, three, four and five weeks after the onset and evidently increased from 89.6% before therapy to 100% one week after therapy, and decreased to 74.6% and 23.7% one and four months after therapy respectively, which suggested that IF was a useful tool for immunodiagnosis and checking up therapeutic effect of trichinosis.
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PMID:Seven outbreaks of trichinosis in China (1992-1996). 925 92

An outbreak of trichinosis occurred in the city of Zhengzhou, central China, between December 1995 and February 1996, affecting 85 of the administrative units into which the city is split. Of 297 subjects from eight of the affected units, 54% were seropositive for Trichinella and 41% had symptoms consistent with acute trichinosis. Of the 490 subjects who had eaten at one particular dumpling restaurant 1-5 weeks before the outbreak and who were traced, 291 (59%) were seropositive and 212 (43%) had been or were ill. MOst of the infections were in manual workers, cadres and merchants aged 20-49 years. Most of those who had been infected failed to develop gastro-intestinal symptoms or a cutaneous rash. Eyelid oedema was only seen in the early stages of the infection, the main clinical manifestations being fever of long duration of tiredness. Surprisingly, six cases had no marked symptoms after repeated infection. Eosinophilia (eosinophils > 7% of leucocytes) was noted in 71 (55%) of the 130 cases in which blood cells were counted. When 212 sera were tested for antibodies to Trichinella, seropositivities were found to increase from 89.1% (IFAT) of 87.7% (microprecipitation test) at presentation to 100% (both tests) 1 week after treatment with albendazole. All those treated were cured. The outbreak was one of the most extensive, single-source outbreaks ever recorded in China, probably with > 600 infections and > 300 clinical cases. The entire episode was attributed to the ingestion of undercooked pork dumplings at one restaurant.
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PMID:Epidemiological and clinical studies on an outbreak of trichinosis in central China. 932 84

The primary cutaneous CD30 positive large cell lymphoma is a rare tumor, confined to the skin. The characteristic clinical picture is a large, often exulcerating sometimes spontan regressing tumor or nodule. Dense infiltration of large, anaplastic or non-anaplastic T or non T, non B cell of the dermis is characteristic. Generalization, lymph node or internal manifestation is rare, the prognosis is favourable. A 25-year-old male patient is presented, in whom generalised skin symptoms-itching, reddish-brownish papules with central necrosis developed. Two years later general symptoms-fever, fatigue, lymph node and spleen enlargement, increased in white blood cell count with prominent eosinophilia, increase in CD4 number occurred. The histology and immunohistology of the skin and peripheral lymph node showed large, anaplastic, CD30 positive T cell infiltration. CHOP, then BACOP treatment resulted in regression of the skin and the internal symptoms.
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PMID:[CD30 positive large T-cell primary cutaneous lymphoma]. 963 25

Cognitive problems are frequently reported in patients with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS). This is the first study to explore, in EMS, the relationship between specific neuropsychological deficits and fatigue and pain. Relationships among depression, sleep disturbance, and neuropsychological deficits in EMS were also examined. Neither fatigue nor pain was correlated with memory impairment. Sleep disturbance was significantly correlated with verbal memory impairment, but not with deficits in visuospatial memory. These results suggest that cognitive loss in EMS cannot be attributed to pain or fatigue. Although some aspects of memory impairment may be associated with disturbed sleep, visual memory deficits are clearly independent of sleep deficits and may result from direct effects of the disease on the central nervous system.
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PMID:Pain, fatigue, and sleep in eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: relationship to neuropsychological performance. 970 42

Interleukin (IL) 2 plays an important role in enhancing the immune response, whereas IL-4 has pluripotent activities which include affecting immune function. Preclinical data suggest that the combination might have enhanced immunomodulatory activity. In this Phase I trial in patients with advanced solid tumors, both IL-2 and IL-4 were given by separate s.c. injections simultaneously daily, 5 days in a row, Monday through Friday, for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by a 1-week break from treatment. Cycles could be repeated. The dose of IL-2 was kept constant at 9 x 10(6) IU/m2/injection while the dose of IL-4 was escalated beginning at 100 microgram/m2/injection and increasing by 100-microgram/m2 increments to a planned level of 400 microgram/m2/injection. Sixteen patients were entered in this study, with one patient being ineligible because of the presence of brain metastases. Of the 15 eligible patients, there were 14 males and 1 female, with a median age of 54 (range, 38-67) years and initial performance status of 0 in 5 patients and 1 in 10 patients. Patients were treated at levels of up to 300 microgram/m2/injection of IL-4 before the study was closed due to withdrawal of the drug by the manufacturer. The most commonly observed toxicities were fatigue, fever and chills, local reaction, nausea/vomiting and anorexia, headache and nasal stuffiness, and coughing, sometimes with the production of clear white sputum, more common in smokers. Duodenal ulcers occurred in one patient and one patient had grade 4 cardiac toxicity consisting of an asymptomatic minimal elevation of the creatinine phosphokinase MB isoenzyme (CPK-MB). Grade 3 hyponatremia occurred in two patients, and elevated liver function tests and creatinine occurred but were not dose limiting. Eosinophilia of unknown significance occurred in all patients. There were statistically significant elevations in absolute numbers of most T-cell subsets examined, without changes in circulating B cells. No antibodies to the IL-4 were found after one cycle. One patient with renal cell carcinoma showed a significant decrease in tumor burden after one cycle of treatment. Because of the IL-4 withdrawal, the maximum tolerated dose for this combination of drugs given by the route and schedule used here was not determined and will require additional testing. Subcutaneous IL-2 and IL-4 given simultaneously show important immunomodulatory and antitumor effects and should be tested further in cancer patients.
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PMID:Phase I trial of simultaneous administration of interleukin 2 and interleukin 4 subcutaneously. 981 6

The epidemiological, clinical and serological studies on human trichinellosis in Henan Province were carried out from January 1992 to December 1996. The results showed that 467 patients attending our department came from 12 administrative areas and cities of the Province and they acquired the infection mainly by eating undercooked dumplings, tasting the raw pork filling for dumplings, ingesting scalded pork or mutton. There was the high incidence season of trichinellosis during the winter. Most of the patients were workers, officers and merchants aged 20-49 years, and the incidence was higher in males than in females. The main clinical manifestations of trichinellosis were fever, general myalgia, muscle tiredness and eosinophilia. Most of the patients had not any gastrointestinal symptoms and rash. Eyelid edema was only seen in the early courses of the disease. Eosinophil count increased with time, reached to the peak 3 weeks and decreased markedly 6 weeks after the onset of the disease. Eosinophil levels elevated obviously 1 week after therapy, began to drop rapidly 2 weeks after therapy, and decreased to a near normal levels 4 weeks after therapy. Anti-Trichinella antibodies were detected by IFAT using the frozen sections of the purified T. spiralis larvae as antigen. The specific antibodies were observed in only 70.2% of patients one week after onset of disease, and increased to 91, 94.3, and 100%; 2, 3, and 4 weeks, respectively after the onset. The antibody positive rate was evidently increased to 100% 1 week after therapy with abendazole, then decreased to 25% 4 months after therapy.
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PMID:Epidemiological, clinical and serological studies on trichinellosis in Henan Province, China. 987 35

Besides the well-known adverse effects of clozapine, such as granulocytopenia, tiredness and hypersalivation, acute pancreatitis is known to be a very rare complication of the drug. In the literature a total of five case reports have been published so far. We report a case of asymptomatic pancreatitis subsequent to clozapine treatment at therapeutic doses in a 38-year-old male patient with chronic paranoid-hallucinatory schizophrenia. The patient was rehospitalized after an acute exacerbation of the psychosis subsequent to an attempt to change medication on an outpatient basis. Treatment with clozapine was initiated again. During phases of progressively increasing the clozapine dose, serum levels of amylase and lipase were increased; after maintaining daily doses of clozapine of 300 mg and/or 600 mg the pancreatic enzymes normalized quickly within a few days. The patient did not report any pancreas-related complaints, nor did specific diagnostic studies produce any indicative result, only a minor thickening of the head and body of the pancreas in the ultrasound. It is assumed that the phenomenon of subclinical, asymptomatic pancreatitis during increasing dosage of clozapine occurs more often than previously supposed. The monitoring of serum amylase levels during slow increase in clozapine is recommended; if leukocytosis or eosinophilia is present, the possibility of even a subclinical and asymptomatic pancreatitis should be considered.
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PMID:Asymptomatic pancreatitis associated with clozapine. 1033 68

A limited institution Phase II pilot study was performed using a very low-dose combination of daily s.c. interleukin (IL)-2 with IFN-alpha-2b in patients with advanced renal cancer in an attempt to duplicate or increase the response documented with higher dose schedules without the attendant toxicity profile. We selected a dose of IL-2 with documented immunological activity and combined it with clinically active low-dose IFN. Between August 1994 and September 1996, 19 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma, who had been judged incapable of tolerating high-dose i.v. IL-2, were treated with IL-2 (1 million units/m2/day) and IFN (1 million units/day), administered s.c. daily. All treatments were administered on an outpatient basis. Virtually all patients had bulky tumor burden with multiple sites of involvement, including five patients with bone metastases. No major objective responses were observed; however, one patient experienced a minor response lasting 13 months, with an associated improvement in performance status. Median survival was 6 months, and 1-year survival was 16%. Toxicity was generally mild and consisted almost entirely of constitutional symptoms. No serious grade 3 or 4 toxicity was observed, although two patients withdrew from treatment due to treatment-related fatigue. On therapy, mild eosinophilia but no lymphocytosis was noted; in fact, peripheral lymphocyte counts decreased, only to rebound after treatment was discontinued. No toxic deaths occurred. Despite the reasonable tolerability of this daily low-dose s.c. regimen, we conclude that this regimen is an ineffective treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who are incapable of tolerating high-dose i.v. IL-2.
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PMID:Daily subcutaneous ultra-low-dose interleukin 2 with daily low-dose interferon-alpha in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. 1049 7

Schistosomiasis is found in a significant proportion of returning travellers and immigrants to Britain. This study is a retrospective review of 1107 consecutive cases of schistosomiasis from Africa diagnosed by microscopy or serology presenting to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, UK. 50.4% of cases were asymptomatic. The most common symptom which resolved on treatment was tiredness. Serology was positive in 951 (86%), and ova seen in 45%. Urine dipstick testing was positive for blood in 21% and protein in 15%, with eosinophilia in 44%. In this population urine dipstick, full blood count and serology were all insufficient screening tools used alone. Among patients with full follow-up data 3 months or more after treatment with praziquantel, definite treatment failure occured in 4 of 271 (1.5%), restricting the analysis to those with ova seen at diagnosis. There was no significant difference in treatment failure between 1 and 3 days of treatment. Antibody level was the same or higher than at treatment in 55% of cases seen after about 3 months and 38% after 1 year, confirming it is probably of limited clinical use in detecting treatment failure.
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PMID:Presentation and outcome of 1107 cases of schistosomiasis from Africa diagnosed in a non-endemic country. 1113 83


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