Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eleven patients received four consecutive weekly cycles of human recombinant interleukin 2 (IL-2) by continuous infusion for 4 days/week. Two dose levels were tested, 1 and 3 X 10(6) units/m2/day. Toxicities experienced by most patients included fever, rigors, fatigue, anemia, eosinophilia, and liver function abnormalities. All side effects from treatment reversed and no severe or life-threatening problems occurred. A marked lymphocytosis was seen following the 4 weeks of therapy. Fresh lymphocytes obtained during this lymphocytosis mediated enhanced destruction in vitro of a natural killer cell-resistant tumor cell line (Daudi). The increase in the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes and their enhanced ability to mediate direct lysis of Daudi targets resulted in a greater than 100-fold mean increase in cytotoxic potential by the end of IL-2 treatment. One patient, with renal carcinoma, who was treated at 3 X 10(6) units/m2/day experienced a sustained measurable response with greater than 50% regression of pulmonary and hepatic metastases. Five patients were retreated with a second course of IL-2, lasting 4 weeks. This therapy was well tolerated in four of these five patients, with similar immunological changes occurring. No further antitumor responses were seen in these patients. Thus, a relatively well tolerated immunotherapy regimen using IL-2 can induce dramatic increases in lymphocyte number and augment their in vitro antitumor reactivity.
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PMID:Clinical and immunological effects of recombinant interleukin 2 given by repetitive weekly cycles to patients with cancer. 325 45

Long-term subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of recombinant Interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was evaluated in 18 patients with advanced malignancy who received escalating doses of rIL-2 (1.0-9.8 X 10(6) U/m2) s.c. five times per week for a median of 38 days (range 5-228 days). Prior to the s.c. phase of the study, 24 patients received low doses (50 or 350 mg/m2) of cyclophosphamide (CPM) i.v. on day 1 followed by 10 doses (days 5-9 and 12-16) of rIL-2 (1 X 10(6) U/m2) given by 6 h i.v. infusion. There were no major antitumor effects. Toxicity was not clearly dose-related, with pain and induration at s.c. injection sites, fatigue, malaise, and palpitations most often observed. Pretreatment baseline ranges (PBR), which are 95% prediction intervals that reflect both intra- and interpatient variability, were calculated for nine hematologic and immunologic variables derived from 21 of the 24 patients. While pretreatment with CPM had no significant effect on these variables during the i.v. phase of the study as compared to a prior study using an identical rIL-2 i.v. infusion schedule, prolonged administration of s.c. rIL-2 was associated with (a) enhancement of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity against K562 in 13 of 21 patients (p less than 0.00001), (b) increases in cytotoxicity against K562 (15 patients) and against Daudi (9 patients) in the presence of 10 U/ml of rIL-2 (p = 0.007), (c) increases in the proliferative response in vitro to OKT3 and rIL-2 in 12 patients (p less than 0.00001), (d) lymphocytosis with increase in percentage of Tac (13 patients, p less than 0.00001), T8 (11 patients, p = 0.0005), and T9 (8 patients, p = 0.021) expression, and (e) eosinophilia. While initial rises in some of these variables occurred during the i.v. phase of the study, maximum increases for all variables except T9 positivity occurred during prolonged s.c. therapy. Nine of 10 patients studied while on therapy greater than 50 days had anti-rIL-2 antibodies in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; in only one case was the antibody neutralizing. This study demonstrates that significant enhancement of cytotoxicity against both NK-sensitive and -resistant targets and improvements in T-cell mitogenic response occur with long-term administration of rIL-2. Further evaluation of long-term administration of tolerable doses of rIL-2 is warranted.
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PMID:Phase I trial of recombinant interleukin-2 and cyclophosphamide: augmentation of cellular immunity and T-cell mitogenic response with long-term administration of rIL-2. 326 71

The authors have presented a review of literature and their own data on acute tubulointerstitial nephritis combined with uveitis in a patient aged 47. In foreign literature this combination is defined as a separate syndrome (TIN-uveitis or TINU). The development of nonspecific symptoms (fatigue, weakness, nausea, loss of body mass, pains in the joints, skin rash) was characterized by change in some laboratory indices (raised ESP, anemia, eosinophilia, hyperproteinemia, hypergammaglobulinemia) and nephropathy. The signs of nephropathy were polyuria, a decrease in relative urine density, proteinuria of tubular genesis, renal glucosuria and aminoaciduria. A decrease in glomerular filtration and an increase in the level of blood serum creatinine were noted in most of the cases. In spite of the development of renal failure TINU prognosis is favorable: renal function gets back to normal by itself or after corticosteroid therapy. Uveitis shows a tendency to recurrence. The immune genesis of the TINU syndrome is assumed.
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PMID:[Acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis combined with uveitis (clinical case and review of the literature)]. 353 15

Between 1974 and 1985, 10 patients were studied who presented with either gastrointestinal complaints or unexplained peripheral blood eosinophilia, and had eggs typical for N. salmincola recovered from their stools. Clinical findings in 8 of the 10 included increased frequency of bowel movements or diarrhea (6), peripheral blood eosinophilia (6), abdominal discomfort (5), nausea and vomiting (3), weight loss (2), and fatigue (2). Two were asymptomatic. Eight recalled eating fish prior to the onset of symptoms. Anthelminthic treatment consisting of three 2-g doses of niclosamide (2 patients) or two 50 mg/kg doses of bithionol (1 patient) proved effective. In the remaining individuals symptoms resolved slowly over several months.
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PMID:Human intestinal infection with Nanophyetus salmincola from salmonid fishes. 357 55

Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates developed in a 77-year-old woman. These were associated with chills, fatigue, a high spiking temperature, leukocytosis, and eosinophilia. Clinical symptoms abated after 24 hours, and radiologic abnormalities cleared several days after discontinuing Nalfon, plus administering prednisone. The most likely cause of these pulmonary infiltrates was a hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reaction to Nalfon.
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PMID:Pulmonary hypersensitivity to nalfon. 375 22

Pulmonary infiltrates developed in three middle-aged women while receiving naproxen sodium. Weakness, fatigue, cough, low-grade fever, and eosinophilia in blood and/or sputum were common to all. All symptoms and findings resolved within a few days after discontinuing naproxen therapy in two cases and with use of corticosteroids (prednisone) in one case. A hypersensitivity reaction due to naproxen seemed to be the likely cause.
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PMID:Pulmonary infiltrates associated with naproxen. 669 Jul 68

2 patients with an elevated serum IgM, eosinophilia, nonpitting edema, and fatigue previously reported, were reevaluated. Their clinical course remains relatively benign without evidence of organ damage after 19 patient years of evaluation. Corticosteroid therapy suppresses clinical manifestation, although IgM levels remain elevated. The numbers of T and B cells are normal. T cell function as studied by phytohemagglutinin stimulation of lymphocytes was normal.
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PMID:The syndrome of hypergammaglobulinemia M, eosinophilia, edema, and fatigue. Immunologic studies and long-term evaluation of two patients. 677 82

A 9-year-old boy presented with increasing fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, fever, and absolute eosinophilia (48,000/microL). Pulmonary infiltrates occurred 3 months later. A murmur of mitral regurgitation was heard 5 months after onset of illness, and heart failure soon followed. Despite corticosteroid therapy the eosinophilia persisted intermittently until 1 month before death. The patient died within 9 months of the onset of illness. At necropsy there was cardiomegaly with subendocardial fibrosis in the right and left ventricles. Thrombi were present in the left ventricular apex and behind the posterior mitral leaflet. The findings in 12 previously reported pediatric cases are reviewed. The etiopathogenesis of the hypereosinophilic syndrome is discussed: half of the cases in children are associated with leukemia.
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PMID:Cardiomyopathy in a child with hypereosinophilic syndrome. 715 51

We report herein the unusual case of a 55-year-old woman who developed a severe systemic allergy to Avitene (microfibrillar collagen hydrochloride), a xenogeneic agent sometimes used for topical hemostasis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patient developed fever, general fatigue, mild liver dysfunction, and prominent eosinophilia postoperatively. A skin allergy test confirmed that these abnormal findings were attributable to an allergic reaction to Avitene.
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PMID:How safe are the xenogeneic hemostats?--Report of a case of severe systemic allergic reaction. 764 Apr 72

The safety, tolerance, and clinical effects of combined therapy with recombinant interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and interleukin-2 (rIL-2) administered subcutaneously for 2 courses of 4 weeks each, with 4 weeks interval between courses, given as outpatient therapy have been assessed in 10 patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). All patients were previously treated with conventional chemotherapy and 3 failed to respond to IFN-alpha administered prior to our study. Median duration of disease from diagnosis was 36 months. Seven patients were in first chronic phase and the other 3 were in blast crisis, second chronic phase, and relapse post-bone marrow transplantation (BMT), respectively. Hematological response (median follow-up 16 months) was observed in 9 patients, with a decline in number of white blood cells and platelets. Elimination of Ph1 was observed in the patient who relapsed post-BMT with complete elimination bcr/abl RNA by polymerase chain reaction. Rebound lymphocytosis and eosinophilia were observed in most of the patients. Toxicity was acceptable. The main adverse effects were fever, chills, fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. The side effects were reversible and no interruption of treatment was required. There was no treatment-related hospitalization or deaths. These data suggest that simultaneous subcutaneous IFN-alpha and rIL-2 home therapy is feasible, reasonably well tolerated, and potentially beneficial in CML patients. These observations may have important implications for the treatment of minimal residual disease following allogeneic and autologous marrow transplantation.
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PMID:Treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia with recombinant human interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha 2a. 792 12


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