Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 499 female patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis were observed and analyzed clinically for age distribution, characteristics of symptoms, bacterial culture of urine, behavioral aspects of recurrent cystitis and others. The patients were between 3 years and 88 years old (average: 43 years) and the majority of patients were from 20 to 69 years old. From 81.1% of the patients Escherichia coli was detected, followed by Staphylococcus spp (11.2%). The major symptoms were pain on urination (421 cases), urinary frequency (421 cases) and residual urine sensation (418 cases). The major causes of cystitis as reported by the patient were fatigue (131 cases), infrequent voiding (114 cases) and exposing the body to coldness (103); only 42 patients reported a relationship between sexual intercourse and cystitis. The patients who had been suffering from "honeymoon cystitis" were significantly inclined to be suffering from acute uncomplicated cystitis again in comparison with those who had not suffered from honeymoon cystitis. There was suggested to be a relationship between sexual intercourse and recurrent cystitis.
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PMID:[Clinical studies on acute uncomplicated cystitis in women]. 178 19

Cinoxacin (CINX) was administered twice a day for 7 consecutive days (400 mg X 2/day) to 34 female patients suffering from acute simple cystitis. The overall clinical efficacy was excellent in 15 cases (94%) and moderate in one case (6%) according to the criteria for clinical evaluation by the UTI committee. The efficacy was not determined in 18 cases. Bacteriological examination revealed 11 cases of single infection by E. coli, 2 cases of single infection by P. cepacia and S. epidermidis and one case of single infection by S. sunguis. MIC of E. coli ranged from 3.13 to 6.25 micrograms/ml. MIC of P. cepacia was 3.13 micrograms/ml and MIC of S. epidermidis more than 100 micrograms/ml. All the strains were eradicated with the efficacy of 100%. There was no relapse of acute simple cystitis in 16 cases after 7 days treatment of CINX. No serious side effects were recognized except for slight general fatigue and heart burn in 2 cases. It was thus concluded that CINX is clinically effective and safe for acute simple cystitis caused by E. coli and P. cepacia.
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PMID:[Clinical study of cinoxacin in acute simple cystitis]. 352 57

There is deep concern about the long term health effects of exposure to phenoxy herbicides and the contaminant TCDD; however, there is considerable scientific and medical uncertainty regarding the health effects from exposure to these chemicals. There are at least ten ongoing studies on reproduction, morbidity and mortality as well as studies of tissue concentrations of TCDD that are attempting to determine the health effects of these chemicals (see Table 2). Appropriate efforts should be made to prevent human and environmental exposure and to decontaminate the environment while awaiting the results of these investigations. Animal toxicity studies show such wide variations that extrapolations from a different species to humans are tenuous. Human studies on exposed workers and nonoccupational exposures are difficult to interpret because the exposure has not been quantified and because workers were exposed to mixtures of chemicals. Chloracne appears to be an important specific clinical marker of TCDD exposure, however, it can be caused by structurally similar compounds. Many of the past studies on human health effects of 2,4,5-T and TCDD are controversial. Since the scientific data are not firm, no specific statements can be made regarding the long term health effects at this time. Any individual who has had a significant exposure to TCDD should see his/her physician and have appropriate consultation. Long term follow up will be required. Physicians should be instructed regarding the possible manifestations of TCDD exposure to look for chloracne, soft tissue masses, muscle pain, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, tender hepatic enlargement, enlargement, elevated liver enzymes, elevated lipids, prolonged prothrombin time, hemorrhagic cystitis and hirsutism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Commentary on 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD). 406 May 65

Based on the superior response rates (21% to 24%) of patients treated with single-agent paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and M.D. Anderson Cancer Center trials in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and on the superior 1-year survival rates of NSCLC patients treated with carboplatin in a randomized study of cisplatin combination and analogues, we initiated a phase II trial of paclitaxel/carboplatin in patients with stage IV or effusion-positive stage III NSCLC. Eligibility stipulated chemotherapy-naive patients with measurable disease, good performance status, and adequate hematologic, hepatic, and renal function. Previous radiotherapy was restricted to < or = 30% of marrow-bearing bone. Paclitaxel was initially given at 135 mg/m2 over 24 hours followed by carboplatin dosed to a targeted area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) of 7.5, with treatment repeated at 3-week intervals for six cycles. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was introduced during the second and subsequent cycles, with the paclitaxel dose sequentially escalated in 40 mg/m2 increments to a maximum dose of 215 mg/m2 in patients with less than grade 4 granulocytopenia and less than grade 3 thrombocytopenia. Of 54 patients enrolled, 30 currently are evaluable for response, 23 for toxicity. Myelosuppression has been the principal toxicity, with grade 3 or 4 granulocytopenia occurring in 70% of patients after the first cycle. After the introduction of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocytopenia decreased to 37% during the second cycle and then consistently to 20% or lower during subsequent cycles. Only 22% of cycles have been delayed for 1 week or more. Neutropenic fever has occurred in five (5%) of 100 evaluable cycles. Other grade 3 or 4 toxicities include thrombocytopenia (13%), anemia (9%), fatigue (9%), and hemorrhagic cystitis (1%). The paclitaxel dose was boosted to 215 mg/m2 in 12 (70%) of 17 patients by cycle 3 or 4. At an AUC of 7.5, the median first-cycle carboplatin dose was 434 mg/m2 (range, 293 to 709 mg/m2). The objective response rate is 50%, with three complete, 12 partial, and five minor responses. We conclude that the paclitaxel/carboplatin combination is active in advanced NSCLC and, with AUC-based dosing of carboplatin, can be given at 3-week intervals. Although dose limiting at a paclitaxel dose of 135 mg/m2, granulocytopenia can be reduced substantially with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, allowing sequential dose escalation of paclitaxel to 175 mg/m2 and 215 mg/m2 in 70% of patients receiving three or more cycles.
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PMID:Paclitaxel and carboplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. 754 Nov 56

The effect of the addition of G-CSF to carboplatin, ifosfamide and doxorubicin (CIA) at the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) was studied in a phase I clinical trial. Nine patients with incurable solid tumors were treated: six endometrial and epithelial ovarian cancers, one colon cancer with pelvic masses and two unknown primary cancers. The carboplatin dose was calculated using the Calvert formula and administered in a standard 30-min intravenous infusion. The initial carboplatin dose was AUC 4.0 mg/ml per min. Fixed doses of ifosfamide (1.25 g/m2 per day), mesna (1.0 g/m2 per day, and doxorubicin (15 mg/m2 per day) were combined and given as a 4-day continuous intravenous infusion in an attempt to decrease nonhematologic toxicity. The dose-limiting toxicity of CIA was myelosuppression, mainly neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Nonhematologic toxicities were hemorrhagic cystitis, weakness, fatigue, and nausea and vomiting. The MTD for CIA was established at the first dose level of carboplatin (4.0 mg/ml per min). Following this, G-CSF was added to the regimen in an unsuccessful effort to escalate the carboplatin dose. Free and total carboplatin pharmacokinetics were determined using flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. There was one complete response and one partial response among eight evaluable patients. Both responding patients had advanced ovarian cancer. We conclude that carboplatin dose intensification beyond an AUC of 4.0 mg/ml per min is not made feasible by the addition of G-CSF to infusional doxorubicin and ifosfamide in patients with advanced gynecologic cancer.
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PMID:A phase I trial of AUC-directed carboplatin with infusional doxorubicin and ifosfamide plus G-CSF in patients with advanced gynecologic malignancies. 1112 46

Fluoroquinolones cause myalgia, but this complication is not clearly documented. We describe a patient who developed myalgia and rhabdomyolysis during fluoroquinolone treatment. The patient was a 33-year-old man treated with norfloxacin for common cystitis. He complained of general muscular fatigue, tendon disorders, and articular pain during treatment. When the antimicrobial agent was stopped, symptoms decreased, with persistence of slight myalgia for 10 days. Rhabdomyolysis was detected. Six months later, investigation by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed an oxidative disorder and an abnormal abundance of phosphomonoesters. In vitro contracture tests led to a diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Our case shows that for any subject presenting myalgia with rhabdomyolysis triggered by fluoroquinolone treatment, the presence of a latent myopathy should be investigated.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility revealed by myalgia and rhabdomyolysis during fluoroquinolone treatment. 1140 39

This paper reports on an investigation of the homeopathic approach to the management of symptoms of oestrogen withdrawal in women with breast cancer. Forty-five patients entered the study. The most common presenting symptoms were hot flushes (HF) (n=38), mood disturbance (n=23), joint pain (n=12), and fatigue (n=16). Other symptoms included sleeplessness, reduced libido, weight gain, cystitis, vaginal dryness and skin eruptions. The active intervention was an individualised homeopathic medicine. Forty women (89%) completed the study. Significant improvements in mean symptom scores were seen over the study period and for the primary end-point 'the effect on daily living' scores. Symptoms other than HF such as fatigue and mood disturbance appear to be helped. Significant improvements in anxiety, depression and quality of life were demonstrated over the study period. The homeopathic approach appears to be clinically useful in the management of oestrogen withdrawal symptoms in women with breast cancer whether on or off Tamoxifen and improves mood disturbance. A placebo-controlled trial would be the next stage in this line of inquiry.
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PMID:The homeopathic approach to the treatment of symptoms of oestrogen withdrawal in breast cancer patients. A prospective observational study. 1288 92

Although the expected mean age of women increased significantly in the 20th century, the time of menopause has not changed (age of 50-51 years). Women's life span in Hungary is 77.2 years, which means, that one third of their lives is lived in menopause. Aging and the consequent lack of estrogen means a more and more serious problem on social level as well. In Hungary there are approximately 1.8 million women above the age of 50. Only an insignificant part of them is treated, which is about 5%, compared to other European countries, where this ratio is between 5 and 25%. Menopause-related symptoms can be divided into the following groups: vasomotor symptoms (sweating, hot flashes, palpitation), decreased psychic and physical functions (fatigue, depression, panic disease, cognitive problems, decreased libido), cardiovascular diseases (ischaemic heart disease), endometrial atrophy, bone and articular alterations (osteoporosis) and urogenital symptoms (vaginal dryness, incontinence, cystitis). The most frequent symptom is hot flashes, which is characteristic of more than 60% of women in menopause. Osteoporosis after the cardiovascular diseases is the second most serious problem on public health level. Approximately 9% of the Hungarian population suffers from osteoporotic problems, which concretely means 600.000 women and 300.000 men. The most frequent fractures are the hip and vertebral fractures. In 1999, 15.100 hip and 51.000 peripheric fractures occurred in Hungary. The above mentioned symptoms, even separately, may decrease the quality of life, therefore their treatment and the knowledge of all of the therapeutic possibilities are essential.
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PMID:[Treatment of menopausal symptoms--review of the current literature]. 1678 43

Post-procedure care for cervical carcinoma patients has an impact on not only survival, but also on the quality of life. After surgery, infections, seroma and lymphocysts are of immediate concern. In contrast, urethral strictures first develop after weeks or months. Chronic sequelae of surgical or radiation therapy include lymphatic oedema, problems during sexual intercourse, bladder disorders, fistula, cystitis, urethral stenosis and also fatigue syndrome and menopausal symptoms. In addition to medical care, psychooncological support is an important component of post-procedure care.
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PMID:[Recommendations for the post-procedure care of cervical carcinoma]. 1767 89

Nearly two thirds of patients with cancer will undergo radiation therapy as part of their treatment plan. Given the increased use of radiation therapy and the growing number of cancer survivors, family physicians will increasingly care for patients experiencing adverse effects of radiation. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been shown to significantly improve symptoms of depression in patients undergoing chemotherapy, although they have little effect on cancer-related fatigue. Radiation dermatitis is treated with topical steroids and emollient creams. Skin washing with a mild, unscented soap is acceptable. Cardiovascular disease is a well-established adverse effect in patients receiving radiation therapy, although there are no consensus recommendations for cardiovascular screening in this population. Radiation pneumonitis is treated with oral prednisone and pentoxifylline. Radiation esophagitis is treated with dietary modification, proton pump inhibitors, promotility agents, and viscous lidocaine. Radiation-induced emesis is ameliorated with 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor antagonists and steroids. Symptomatic treatments for chronic radiation cystitis include anticholinergic agents and phenazopyridine. Sexual dysfunction from radiation therapy includes erectile dysfunction and vaginal stenosis, which are treated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and vaginal dilators, respectively.
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PMID:Managing the adverse effects of radiation therapy. 2070 69


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