Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Medical issues in sport diving include illnesses that are caused by diving, and medical disorders that compromise safety. Cerebral air embolism and decompression sickness of the brain and spinal cord can result from diving. Sport divers may manifest a spectrum of symptoms from air embolism, which can range from unconsciousness to minimal symptoms, which include fatigue, personality change, poor concentration, irritability, and changes in vision. The physician must search for these minor symptoms in divers who are suspected of pulmonary barotrauma. Medical disorders of concern in diving include diseases of the lungs, the heart, the brain, and the endocrine system, particularly diabetes. Other factors involved in diving safety are exercise capacity and training. Clinical practice standards usually prohibit diving by individuals who have a seizure disorder that requires continuous medication. In the United States, we will not approve diving for individuals who have insulin-dependent diabetes or severe asthma. Some divers can return to diving after myocardial infarction or bypass surgery if they demonstrate good exercise tolerance and no ischemia on a graded exercise test, which simulates the physical activity needed for safe diving.
 ...
PMID:Medical aspects of sport diving. 914 89

Food allergy is clinically classified into two types, immediate and nonimmediate. Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) is a sensitive procedure for the diagnosis of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity but not for other types of hypersensitivity. There is not yet a sensitive blood examination for detection of allergens in nonimmediate types of food allergy. Of the total number of subjects in our study, twenty-two children had nonimmediate types of food allergy (hen's egg, cow's milk, soybean, or buckwheat flour), atopic dermatitis, allergic tension fatigue syndrome or pulmonary hemosiderosis. For these children, manifestations of the allergy did not appear earlier than 2 hours after ingestion of the offending food. Eighteen children in the study developed acute urticaria, angioedema, or bronchial asthma appearing within 2 hours of the challenge. Fifteen nonatopic healthy children were selected as controls. Proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to food antigens were measured in nonimmediate types of food allergy. The proliferative responses of PBMCs to each offending food antigen in patients with nonimmediate types of food allergy were significantly higher than those of healthy controls and patients with immediate types of food allergy, respectively. Moreover, in each case with nonimmediate type, the proliferative responses to food antigens other than the offending food were not detected. When PBMCs were twice stimulated with the offending food antigen, the same results were obtained. These results indicate that the proliferative response of PBMCs to food antigens is specific to each offending food antigen in nonimmediate types of food allergy. Taken together, proliferative responses of PBMCs to each food antigen are useful for detection of allergens in nonimmediate types of food allergy.
 ...
PMID:Proliferative responses of lymphocytes to food antigens are useful for detection of allergens in nonimmediate types of food allergy. 916 39

Patients reporting sensitivity to multiple chemicals at levels usually tolerated by the healthy population were administered standardized questionnaires to evaluate their symptoms and the exposures that aggravated these symptoms. Many patients were referred for medical tests. It is thought that patients with chemical sensitivity have organ abnormalities involving the liver, nervous system (brain, including limbic, peripheral, autonomic), immune system, and porphyrin metabolism, probably reflecting chemical injury to these systems. Laboratory results are not consistent with a psychologic origin of chemical sensitivity. Substantial overlap between chemical sensitivity, fibromyalgia, and chronic fatigue syndrome exists: the latter two conditions often involve chemical sensitivity and may even be the same disorder. Other disorders commonly seen in chemical sensitivity patients include headache (often migraine), chronic fatigue, musculoskeletal aching, chronic respiratory inflammation (rhinitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, asthma), attention deficit, and hyperactivity (affected younger children). Less common disorders include tremor, seizures, and mitral valve prolapse. Patients with these overlapping disorders should be evaluated for chemical sensitivity and excluded from control groups in future research. Agents whose exposures are associated with symptoms and suspected of causing onset of chemical sensitivity with chronic illness include gasoline, kerosene, natural gas, pesticides (especially chlordane and chlorpyrifos), solvents, new carpet and other renovation materials, adhesives/glues, fiberglass, carbonless copy paper, fabric softener, formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, carpet shampoos (lauryl sulfate) and other cleaning agents, isocyanates, combustion products (poorly vented gas heaters, overheated batteries), and medications (dinitrochlorobenzene for warts, intranasally packed neosynephrine, prolonged antibiotics, and general anesthesia with petrochemicals). Multiple mechanisms of chemical injury that magnify response to exposures in chemically sensitive patients can include neurogenic inflammation (respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary), kindling and time-dependent sensitization (neurologic), impaired porphyrin metabolism (multiple organs), and immune activation.
 ...
PMID:Profile of patients with chemical injury and sensitivity. 916 75

There is no disease-specific instrument available for health status assessment in bronchiectasis. We examined the stability, validity and responsiveness of a measure designed for asthma and COPD, the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), in this condition. One hundred and eleven patients were studied on 2 separate d 6 mo apart. On both days each patient completed the SGRQ and measures of general and disease-specific health, mood, and fatigue. They also performed a shuttle walking test and comprehensive lung function tests. Repeatability was tested over 2 wk in 23 patients. The intraclass correlation (ri) for the SGRQ Total score was 0.97. The SGRQ component scores correlated well with relevant markers of disease activity. Examples include: SGRQ Symptoms score versus MRC Wheeze score, r = 0.634, p < 0.0001; Activity score versus shuttle walking test, r = -0.659, p < 0.0001; and impacts score versus physical fatigue, r = 0.610, p < 0.0001. Changes in the SGRQ Total score from entry to follow-up also correlated with changes in other measures of the patients' health. There were significant differences in the SGRQ total score between patients who improved and those who deteriorated over the 6 mo in respect to wheeze (F = 5.6, p < 0.01) and breathlessness (F = 6.05, p < 0.01). We conclude that the SGRQ reflects impaired health in bronchiectasis patients.
 ...
PMID:Validation of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire in bronchiectasis. 927 36

Dentistry uses a variety of different polymer materials. Dental polymer materials are based on methacrylate, its polymer, and polyelectrolytes. The setting of restorative materials and adhesives is initiated chemically by mixing two components or by light. In both cases, polymerisation is incomplete and monomers, not reacted, release. Studies have documented that monomers may cause a wide range of adverse health effects such as irritation to skin, eyes or mucous membranes, allergic dermatitis, asthma, parenthesise in the fingers, and disturbances from central nervous system such as; headache, pain in the extremities, nausea, loss of appetite, fatigue, sleep disturbances, irritability, loss of memory and changes in blood parameters. Dental personnel are occupationally exposed when handling the non reacted monomers. The use of gloves do not give enough protection as monomers, released from the material, easily penetrate all gloves used in dentistry. Face masks do not prevent inhalation of monomers. Ordinary glasses do not protect the eyes against vapor from monomers. The result from this study demonstrate the need for the development of ergonomic procedures and practices for safe handling of such materials in dental clinics.
 ...
PMID:Use of polymer materials in dental clinics, case study. 941 12

The objective of this study was to validate the Asthma Symptom Checklist (ASC) so that it could be reliably used to assess the subjective symptomatology of asthma attacks in our context. Subjective symptomatology of asthma was examined in a group of 100 adult Spanish outpatients (57 women, 43 men; 17-69 years of age) with asthma. All of them completed the modified version of the ASC as well as questionnaires of depression, anxiety, and self-management of asthma (self-efficacy expectancies and health care utilization). Data about duration and severity of asthma, as well as dyspnea and %FEV1, were also recorded. The highest reliability Cronbach alpha indexes were for the panic-fear and fatigue scales. The oblique rotation of the ASC revealed five correlated factors (53% of the total variance explained): 1) panic-fear, 2) airways obstruction, 3) airways obstruction and panic-fear, 4) fatigue and irritability, 5) hyperventilation. The structure of factors was revalidated using orthogonal (varimax) rotation. Construct validity was examined by Person product-moment coefficient correlations, ANOVAs (asthma severity x ASC scores), and t-tests (sex by ASC scores). Panic-fear showed the best construct validity, as it was related to the severity of the asthma and the use of high-cost health care resources. There were no differences in ASC scores either on the basis of the asthma severity or on the sex of patients. The ASC factors represent stable components of subjective symptomatology of asthma attacks, especially with regard to the panic-fear and the hyperventilation subscales; however, the structure of the checklist as a whole was not identical to those reported in other studies. Correlations of the ASC with clinical variables related to asthma severity support the construct validity of the instrument and confirm its utility to evaluate the subjective symptomatology of asthma attacks in outpatients.
J Asthma 1997
PMID:Subjective symptomatology of asthma: validation of the asthma symptom checklist in an outpatient Spanish population. 942 97

Respiratory muscle strength, assessed by maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax), and endurance, assessed as the length of time a subject could breathe against inspiratory resistance with a target mouth pressure > or = 70% of PI,max (Tlim), were measured in 20 symptomless asthmatic children, in order to assess the reproducibility of such measurements and their relationship to traditional pulmonary function tests or tests of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. After recording lung volumes and bronchial response to methacholine, PI,max and Tlim were measured twice in the same morning, with a 30-minute interval between each experimental trial. Mean (+/-SD) values of PI,max were 72.2 +/- 20.6 cmH2O in the first and 75.8 +/- 22.9 cmH2O in the second trial. Tlim was 154 +/- 65 and 164 +/- 66 seconds in the first and in the second trial respectively. A lack of agreement between different measurements was seen for both PI,max and Tlim. The coefficient of repeatability was 24.8 for PI,max and 92.3 for Tlim. A significant correlation between age and PI,max as well as between body mass index and PI,max were shown; no similar correlation was found for Tlim. No correlation was found between PI,max and Tlim in either of the two successive runs or between either PI,max or Tlim and lung volumes or bronchial response to methacholine. Our study shows that at this time the reproducibility of PI,max or Tlim in children with asthma in remission seems to be poor, although PI,max has a better reproducibility than Tlim. A standardized procedure to measure PI,max, should be obtainable in the near future. This would improve its clinical usefulness since PI,max is the only noninvasive test to assess respiratory muscle strength that can identify subjects at risk to develop respiratory muscle fatigue during an acute asthmatic attack.
 ...
PMID:Maximal inspiratory pressure and inspiratory muscle endurance time in asthmatic children: reproducibility and relationship with pulmonary function tests. 944 29

The Japan Asthma Death Investigation Committee sent questionnaires to hospitals with more than 100 beds, and studied the clinical characteristics of 313 reported cases who died of asthma between 1992 and 1994. Forty percent of them were at the age between 60 and 79. Deaths of young adults in the twenties tended to increase. One third of the deaths was due to asphyxia. More than half of the patients were classified infectious or mixed type of asthma and 43.9% were graded as severe asthma. The main causes of the fatal asthma attacks were respiratory infections, fatigue and stress. Insufficient education, low compliance, delay in treatment with corticosteroids and other drugs, delay in emergency treatment, past histories of life-threatening attacks and hospitalization due to severe attacks were suggested to be risk factors of adult asthma death. Pulmonary emphysema showed relatively high frequency as a complication.
 ...
PMID:[Trends of asthma death among adults in Japan 1992-1994. Analysis of 313 cases reported questionnaires sent to hospitals with more than 100 beds]. 952 64

Pregnancy is accompanied by physiological hyperventilation that may be perceived as shortness of breath; causes are a reduced residual capacity and a reduced expiratory reserve volume due to the swelling uterus, and a larger tidal volume due to increase of the progesterone concentration and of the chemosensitivity to CO2 and O2. Fatigue, lowered exercise tolerance and orthopnoea also may occur, as do basal crepitations at auscultation. In pregnant asthma patients the symptoms may either improve greatly or become aggravated. During an asthma attack the foetus is exposed to hypoxaemia, which may be worsened by a decreased uteroplacental blood circulation in case of maternal alkalosis. Poorly controlled asthma has a stronger adverse effect on the unborn child than the judicious use of anti-asthma drugs. Safe drugs against asthma during pregnancy, around parturition and during breast feeding, are cromoglycic acid and ipratropium; relatively safe drugs are short-acting beta-sympathicomimetics, inhalation corticosteroids and systemic corticosteroids, as well as theophylline from the second trimester; use of long-acting beta-sympathicomimetics is advised against.
 ...
PMID:[Asthma and pregnancy]. 962 12

The aim of this study was to assess sleep and pulmonary function in asthmatic and control children. Forty children with well-controlled, stable asthma, and 34 controls (age range: 8.2 to 15.4 years) were monitored with wrist actigraphs and peak-flow meters for 3 consecutive days. In addition, asthma severity was assessed by subjective parental and self-rating scale and symptom checklist. Asthmatic children had poorer sleep quality in comparison to their controls, as manifested in lower percentages of quiet sleep (p < .05) and increased activity level during sleep (p < .05). As expected, asthmatic children had reduced morning peak expiratory flow measures (p < .01) and a higher evening-to-morning drop in peak expiratory flow (p < .005). Peak-flow measures were significantly correlated with subjective and objective sleep measures. In the asthmatic group, sleep measures were also correlated with subjective asthma severity indices and symptom checklists. We conclude that poorer sleep is associated with reduced pulmonary function. The reduced sleep quality, coupled with subjective reports of increased fatigue and reduced alertness found in asthmatic children, suggest that these children are at risk for developing neurobehavioral deficits associated with chronic sleep loss.
 ...
PMID:Sleep and pulmonary function in children with well-controlled, stable asthma. 964 82


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>