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Query: UMLS:C0015672 (fatigue)
 51,768 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Committee on Cervicobrachial Syndrome in Japan Association of Industrial Health (JAIH) made a report on the questionnaires for checking for the complaints of patients suffering from Occupational Cervicobrachial Disorder (OCD). In order to reveal how the complaints develop in the progress of OCD, we analysed the complaints of 117 workwomen in assembly lines of a cigarette factory by using the questionnaires. And the followings were made clear: 1) At the mild stage of OCD, stiffness or dullness at the neck and shoulders, and eyestrain become remarkable. 2) At the moderate stage, pain at the neck, shoulders, arms and hands, dullness at extremities, general fatigue, pain or heavy feeling in the head, increased irritability etc. become remarkable in addition to the mild stage complaints. 3) At the severe stage, pain and dullness at the back, numbness at arms and hands, hand coldness, sleep disturbance etc. become remarkable in addition to the moderate stage complaints. 4) Various sufferings in daily life such as "I want to lie down at rest time," "I lack patience to go on reading long," "It is hard for me to go on writing long," and "Fixed sitting soon tires me" become more and more frequent as the stage advances. We consider it is important in the diagnosis of OCD to pay attention to the general symptoms such as general fatigue, pain or heavy feeling in the head, increased irritability and sleep disturbance, together with complaints at the neck, shoulders, arms and hands.
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PMID:Studies on the progress of occupational cervicobrachial disorder by analysing the subjective symptoms of work-women in assembly lines of a cigarette factory. 52 87

Main ocular mechanisms probably underlying eyestrain symptoms in computer users-diminished aqueous tears, extraocular muscle fatigue, color fatigue and decreased amplitude of accommodation induced by monochromatic light--are discussed. With this background, some practical consequences are drawn to avoid or reduce eyestrain.
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PMID:Computer eyestrain. 265 24

The study covered a group of female VDT operators assigned to data entry and data acquisition. Subjective VDT-related symptoms of asthenopia were assessed by means of a questionnaire. All operators were examined by an ophthalmologist. Visual acuity was measured using vision tables with optotypes. In order to achieve an objective assessment of VDT-induced visual fatigue, refractive power was measured at the beginning and at the end of the shift, using an infra-red autorefractometer. Changes in refractive power were then related to VDT work and asthenopia symptoms. Visual acuity defects were observed in 63.5% of the operators; in 36% of the cases the subjects were either unaware of the defects or the defects were not adequately corrected. 62.5% of the operators complained of subjective asthenopia symptoms. Asthenopia was not related to the number of hours at the VDT. The results suggest that ametropic subjects are likely to be more susceptible to visual fatigue than emmetropic subjects, since there was a tendency for the prevalence of asthenopia to increase in the former group. A significant decrease in refractive power (temporary myopization) was observed in 20% of the operators at the end of the shift at the VDT: all these subjects also complained of asthenopia, compared to 50% of the workers without end-of-shift myopization. The difference between the groups was highly significant (p less than 0.01); contrarywise, none of the subjects without asthenopia developed myopization. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that end-of-shift myopization, as measured by an automatic refractometer, may be used as a reliable objective measurement of VDT-related visual fatigue.
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PMID:[Temporary myopia and subjective symptoms in video display terminal operators]. 277 Jun 19

The lighting conditions, luminance, contrast, and design of the workplace were studied in video display terminal (VDT) work stations operated by a group of female VDT data-acquisition clerks. VDT-induced symptoms were assessed by means of subject answers to a questionnaire. To measure VDT-induced ocular fatigue objectively, refraction power was determined before and at the end of workshift by an infrared autorefractometer. Job-induced refraction changes were then related to visual complaints and conditions in the workplace. The results confirmed that VDT data-acquisition work can lead to temporary myopia (myopization) in a remarkable percentage of operators; a significant correlation between eye discomfort, ocular asthenopia, and myopization was also found. Illumination levels, luminance, and contrast seem to be of paramount importance regarding visual symptoms: neither asthenopia nor myopization was observed when all of these conditions were adequate. If the ergonomic design of the workplace and the viewing distance are adequate, there are also usually fewer musculoskeletal symptoms. Our results suggest that changes in the ocular refraction status before and at the end of the work-shift, as determined by an automatic refractometer, provide a good objective index of VDT-induced "ocular fatigue", which in our study proved to be significantly related to workplace conditions.
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PMID:Visual fatigue in video display terminal operators: objective measure and relation to environmental conditions. 334 85

The examinations have been carried out under model conditions in women aged 33.6 +/- 3.8, in whom refraction defects or other sight organ disorders had been excluded. In order to select factors that would be most sensitive and specific for evaluation of visual fatigue, variations in the following indices of the sight organ occupational condition have been analysed: the near vision point, dispersing lens tolerance, retina sensibility, critical fusion frequency, speed and accuracy of perception, visual simple and choice reaction time. The indices have been analysed under the performance of sigh work and medium-hard physical effort. Variations in the near point and retina irritability have been regarded the most sensitive and specific indices of asthenopia. In addition, intra- and interpersonal variability, as well as seasonal variability of the indices listed have been assessed. Significant seasonal differences have been found between the values measured in the persons prior to work in summer and winter for near vision sense point, dispersing lens tolerance, retina irritability, and critical fusion frequency.
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PMID:[Evaluation of the usefulness of methods of diagnosing eyestrain]. 345 Oct 15

Special instruments have been perfected for the laser microsurgery. Those instruments must not exceed 18 centimeters in length in order to reduce the possibility of infection through the middle part (microslad) tied up to the microscope. The instruments must be blackened to reduce the casual reflection of the laser ray over the intra-abdominal structures. Molybdenum mirrors with specifically outlined angles to reflect laser rays towards the inaccessible spots and also to strike the aimed tissue at the right place, have been perfected. In the same way, quartz straight and angular rods stronger to the laser fatigue than the pyrex are necessary to absorb laser energy during the vaporization and the excision of intra-pelvic adhesions. Thanks to these adapted instruments, the micro surgeon gynecologist will be able to practise his laser surgery with more safety, less eyestrain and less difficulties.
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PMID:[Instruments necessary for safe laser microsurgery]. 396 76

A retrospective review of the records of 114 subjects with accommodative dysfunction has been completed. Most subjects (N = 96) were found to have accommodative insufficiency. Lesser numbers of subjects were categorized in the class of infacility of accommodation (N = 14), spasm of accommodation (N = 3) and fatigue of accommodation (N = 1). A majority of the subjects presented with complaints of blur, headaches and/or asthenopia while attempting nearwork. Most subjects presented with reduced abilities in one or more of the following areas: accommodative amplitude and facility, fusional vergences, near point of convergence and stereo acuities. The clinical characteristics of the group as a whole and the major subgroups have been examined both before and after treatment of the condition with orthoptic exercises and/or plus lenses at the nearpoint. The result of the treatment indicates that although most subjects (96%) experienced some relief with treatment only about half (53%) had their problems totally solved. The importance of these findings is briefly discussed.
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PMID:Accommodative dysfunction. 688 72

Using a computer-assisted infrared optometer with a pupillograph, we tried to obtain basic understanding of accommodative disturbance and its by investigating tonic (dark focus) level of accommodation and quasi-static accommodative response. In normal volunteers in whom either visual fatigue, general fatigue, or drunkeness was loaded intentionally, myopic shift of refraction, increased refractive fluctuation, and miosis were induced in all cases but the effect on amplitude of accommodative response was minimal. Subjects that worked at a computer terminal all day for 2 years, but not controls, developed myopic change at a statistically significant level. The effect on tonic level of accommodation of subject age, sustained near-vision tasks, and topical application of autonomic-related drugs was investigated. In subjects with severe eyestrain, myopic shift of tonic accommodation and prominent pupillary unrest were observed, suggesting increased parasympathetic excitation. One patient who was accidentally exposed to diisopropyl fluorophosphate, a potent cholinesterase inhibitor, showed a phenomenon similar to that mentioned above. Chaos attractors based upon the Shil'nikov phenomenon were introduced for evaluation of microfluctuation and pupillary unrest, as first applied by Sumida et al. Topical application of low-dose cyclopentolate hydrochloride was effective for treating accommodative abnormality in professional computed workers, who sometimes develop abnormal parasympathetic excitation. Based on quasi-static accommodation measurements, accommodative abnormality after head and neck injury, including whiplash injury, was divided into two completely different states: accommodative spasm and palsy. Since quasi-static accommodation was greatly affected by satellite ganglion block, sympathetic innervation from cervical ganglions may strongly influence accommodative response. Hyperthyroidism, which may be accompanied by sympathetic hyper-excitation, showed diminished accommodative response. In patients after refractive surgery by excimer laser, there was no difference in accommodative response before and after surgery, although tonic accommodation was slightly unstable after surgery. These findings suggest that the evaluation of tonic level or a similar state of accommodation and pupillary unrest will yield extremely valuable information in regard to various accommodative disturbances.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis and treatment of accommodative disturbance]. 783 69

The Authors studied the relationship between visual fatigue (or asthenopia) and different types of work with display units on about 30,000 videoterminal (VDT) operators of the Italian telecommunication company. Visual fatigue was reported with data entry, data checking, word processing, dialogue enquiry, and various services. The Chi-square test showed that asthenopia was not related to any particular type of VDT work, comparing subjects working at the VDT for similar times each week. These findings provide further confirmation that the main factor determining visual fatigue in VDT operators is the amount of time spent at the display units.
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PMID:Is the type of VDT work important in asthenopia? 848 97

The relationship between visual discomfort (or asthenopia) and different types of work using display units for 10,626 videodisplay terminal operators of the Italian Telecommunication Company was studied. Visual discomfort was evaluated as related to data entry, data checking, word processing, dialogue, enquiry, and various services. Chi-squared indicated that visual discomfort was not significantly related to any particular type of work for subjects with similar amounts of weekly time using videodisplay units. These findings are consistent with earlier results indicating that the main factor determining visual fatigue in VDT operators is the amount of time spent on the display units.
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PMID:Psychology of computer use: XXXVI. Visual discomfort and different types of work at videodisplay terminals. 877 34


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