Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0014848 (achalasia)
 2,804 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 1992, a 63 year-old woman complained of dysphagia and chest pain, and was diagnosed with esophageal achalasia. Three years later, she developed resting tremor, cog-wheel rigidity, and retro-pulsion, and was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and given appropriate medication. Several years later, intractable vomitting and aspiration pneumonia developed, and the lower esophageal sphincter was dilated using a pneumatic balloon dilator under gastroscopic guidance in 2004. That procedure improved her symptoms and the esophageal dilation was visualized on chest CT images. Herein, we report this rare case of esophageal achalasia followed by Parkinson's disease and discuss the relationship between the two diseases.
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PMID:[A case of esophageal achalasia followed by Parkinson's disease]. 1618 Jul 12

The therapeutic possibilities of botulinum toxin are manifold and certainly not yet fully exhausted. Apart from the classical indications--focal dystonia and focal spasticity--its use in the management of wrinkles has become well known. Moreover, the toxin is now being administered in many medical fields, including many other kinetic disorders like rare dystonias and tremor. The toxin is also used in a great number of autonomic disorders such as focal hyperhidrosis and even rhinitis. Substantial advances have been made in the field of urology after injections into the sphincter and detrusor muscle. Studies for approval are meanwhile under way concerning the treatment of detrusor hyperreflexia. Gastroenterology is another important field for application of botulinum toxin--be it to the esophagus (e.g. achalasia), stomach, gallbladder, or anorectum. Anal fissure is considered a particularly common indication. Controlled studies for many indications are frequently lacking because of the limited incidence of some of these disorders and symptoms.
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PMID:Other indications of botulinum toxin therapy. 1641 1

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been used for over a quarter of century for the treatment of well over 100 different indications. Many of the symptoms for which BoNT has been found to be effective occur in a variety of neurological disorders. One neurodegenerative disorder in which BoNT has been used extensively to treat various symptoms is Parkinson's disease (PD). This review will highlight the following therapeutic applications of BoNT in conditions associated with PD: limb dystonia, blepharospasm and lid apraxia, bruxism, cervical dystonia (anterocollis), camptocormia, hand and jaw tremor, rigidity (painful shoulder), freezing of gait, sialorrhea, dysphagia (achalasia), seborrhea, hyperhidrosis, overactive bladder, and constipation.
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PMID:Disease-oriented approach to botulinum toxin use. 1907 3