Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014848 (achalasia)
 2,804 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Esophageal achalasia is a rare disorder that may mimic nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Presentation or persistence of these symptoms in the latter half of pregnancy is unusual. We describe a case of third-trimester weight loss due to the nausea and vomiting of achalasia. Pneumatic dilation of the esophagus is often necessary to improve oral intake. However, advances in nutritional supplementation may prevent malnutrition and allow treatment and its complications to be delayed until after delivery.
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PMID:Esophageal achalasia in late pregnancy. 156 74

The use of opioid medications on both an acute and chronic basis is ubiquitous in the United States. As opioid receptors densely populate the gastrointestinal tract, symptoms and side effects can be expected in these patients. In the esophagus, dysmotility may result, manifesting with dysphagia and a syndrome indistinguishable from primary achalasia. In the stomach, a marked delay in gastric emptying may occur with postprandial nausea and early satiety. Postoperatively, particularly with abdominal surgery, opioid-induced ileus may ensue. In the colon, opioid-induced constipation is common. A unique syndrome termed narcotic bowel syndrome is characterized by chronic abdominal pain often accompanied by nausea and vomiting in the absence of other identifiable causes. With the recognition of the important role of opioids on gastrointestinal function, novel drugs have been developed that use this physiology. These medications include peripheral acting opioid agonists to treat opioid-induced constipation and combination agonist and antagonists used for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. This review summarizes the most recent data in these areas.
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PMID:Opioids in Gastroenterology: Treating Adverse Effects and Creating Therapeutic Benefits. 2852 68