Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014848 (achalasia)
 2,804 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of invasive gastric carcinoma mimicking idiopathic achalasia radiologically, endoscopically and manometrically is described. This is only the second case of tumor-associated achalasia with a positive mecholyl test where there was no demonstrable histological tumor involvement of the myenteric plexus in the body of the esophagus. The interpretation of the manometric findings including the positive mecholyl test are discussed in the light of these histological findings. The short duration of symptoms, the presence of anemia and guaiac positive stools, along with subtle radiologic abnormalities of the gastric fundus were aspects of this case which should increase the index of suspicion and lead to the correct diagnosis. In the evaluation of patients with the achalasic syndrome, a tumor-associated functional and organic disorder mimicking idiopathic achalasia in all respects has to be considered.
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PMID:Esophageal achalasia secondary to gastric carcinoma. Report of a case and a review of the literature. 43 88

The clinical and diagnostic features of a secondary type of achalasia of the esophagus are described in seven patients with various types of malignancies. Patients with secondary achalasia presented with dysphagia of short duration and marked weight loss; mean age was 64 years. Esophageal manometry showed features identical to those of idiopathic primary achalasia: aperistalsis, poor lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, and elevated sphincter pressure. Endoscopy and barium swallow showed evidence of a tumor in only two cases. Various types of malignancies may produce a secondary form of achalasia that has diagnostic features identical to those of primary achalasia and is best identified by its clinical presentation.
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PMID:Achalasia secondary to carcinoma: manometric and clinical features. 68 41

Achalasia of the cardia frequently presents as dysphagia in middle age. In the elderly, dysphagia is usually due to a neoplasm of the oesophagus or cardia. The authors have been interested to see five patients over the age of 70 presenting with oesophageal symptoms due to achalasia which is uncommon in this age group and may be mistaken for neoplastic disease.
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PMID:Achalasia of the cardia in elderly patients. 73 85

A case of diffuse leiomyomatosis of the esophagus in a 21-year-old woman with a 5-year history of dysphagia is presented. The radiological appearance was that of achalasia, but at esophagoscopy, a diagnosis of an organic stricture of the lower end of the esophagus was made. During the operation a diffuse tumor involving the lower end of the esophagus, cardia, upper portion of the stomach, and the tail of the pancreas was found. The histological diagnosis was diffuse leiomyomatosis of the esophagus. The individual characteristics of the microscopic picture are described. Distal esophagectomy and total gastrectomy resulted in complete recovery of the patient. This is a very rare condition; only a dozen similar cases have been published before. The data of these patients are presented.
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PMID:Diffuse leiomyomatosis of the esophagus: a case report and review of the literature. 114 92

The results from the 195 performed fibroesophagoscopies and 114 purposeful biopsies in different esophgus diseases are reported. In 65 of the examined -- cancer of the esophagus or cardia ventriculi was establised. The rest 122 patients are with non-malignant disease -- ulcers, polyps, diverticulums, varices, strictures, esophagitis, cardiospasm, etc. Cancer of esophagus and cardia ventriculi is proved in 93.93 per cent on the base of endoscopic data while another diagnosis was given in 29.30 per cent at the X-ray examinations of the same patients and at the clinical examinations of the patients in 40.1 per cent -- diagnostic errors were made. The purposeful biopsy gives 70.58 per cent of positive results and enables the differentiation of the tumor histological characterisitics.
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PMID:[Diagnostic possibilities of fibroesophagoscopy and target biopsy of the esophagus]. 122 12

Achalasia is believed to be a predisposing factor for the development of esophageal cancer. Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare neoplasm, with fewer than 150 cases having been reported in the world literature, and it has been described only once previously in a patient with longstanding achalasia. We describe a case of an 85-yr-old woman with long-term primary achalasia who developed primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. We hypothesize that this patient's recurrent, worsening dysphagia is related to a paraneoplastic phenomenon. We discuss this association and review the literature.
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PMID:Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus in a patient with longstanding primary achalasia. 131 72

A review of the literature is done about the epidemiology and aetiology of esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer is a relatively uncommon neoplasm in Western countries with a very poor prognosis. In industrialized countries alcohol and tobacco are the major risk factors. Nutritional factors play also an important role in the aetiology of esophageal cancer, particularly a diet rich in cereal but poor in fresh fruit and vegetables, accounts for some of the geographic differences. Several predisposing disorders for esophageal cancer are known and include Barrett's esophagus, achalasia, chronic strictures due to corrosive substances, tylosis, coeliac disease, and the Plummer-Vinson syndrome. The clinical manifestations are also discussed.
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PMID:Epidemiology and clinical aspects of esophageal cancer. 166 45

Eighteen patients with cancer-induced or secondary achalasia (SA) were compared to 421 patients with idiopathic or primary achalasia (PA). The aim of the study was to detect any differences in clinical presentation between the two groups. Mean age of patients with SA was 57.1 (range 15-78) and 47.1 (range 1-90) in patients with PA (p = 0.02). Three patients with SA were 15, 24, and 36 yr old, respectively. Symptom frequency was comparable in SA versus PA. Mean duration of symptoms in SA was 4.5 months, with 15 of the 18 patients experiencing symptoms for six months or less. Weight loss occurred in 88.2% of patients with SA and 57.3% of patients with PA (p less than 0.05). Cancer was at the gastroesophageal junction in 16 patients, duodenum in one, and breast in one. Endoscopy showed tumor in 12 (67%). The esophagram was suspicious for tumor in only 25%. We conclude that patients with SA are older, more likely to lose weight, and have a short duration of symptoms. However, SA may occur in younger patients, and endoscopy with biopsy is necessary in any newly diagnosed case of achalasia.
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PMID:Features distinguishing secondary achalasia from primary achalasia. 222 Jul 23

Secondary esophageal achalasia due to malignancy is a rare condition; only 53 such cases have been reported to date. Sixty-two percent of the cases were due to gastric adenocarcinoma. Mesothelioma of the peritoneum is an uncommon neoplasm. The usual presenting symptoms are abdominal pain, abdominal mass, or abdominal distention. The patient we are reporting had peritoneal mesothelioma which presented with dysphagia and weight loss, in addition to the radiological and manometric picture of achalasia. Secondary achalasia was suspected clinically, and was confirmed by computed tomography and laparotomy. The diagnosis of peritoneal mesothelioma was made only by histopathological examination. We are not aware of any other report documenting the association of peritoneal mesothelioma and achalasia.
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PMID:Peritoneal mesothelioma: an unusual cause of esophageal achalasia. 225 28

Four cases related with the long stenosis of lower part of esophagus are referred to in children. These were stenoses of fibromuscular type, due to achalasia and resulting from etching with sulphuric acid as well as from tumor. The extramucous myotomy, esophagotomy and colonic replacement of long esophageal stenosis were elected. The condition is repairable by esophagomyotomy or esophagotomy when the function of stenotic portion of esophagus is preserved. To prevent postoperative complications such as fistula, diverticulum, gastroesophageal reflux and restenosis, the covering of incision with a patch from gastric fundus is recommended with subsequent fundoplication. Anatomical and functional lesion of esophageal wall in the presence of long stenosis requires its esophagoplasty as well as replacement with the intestinal interposition.
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PMID:[Surgical reconstruction of long esophageal stenoses in children]. 226 15


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