Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014848 (achalasia)
 2,804 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of invasive gastric carcinoma mimicking idiopathic achalasia radiologically, endoscopically and manometrically is described. This is only the second case of tumor-associated achalasia with a positive mecholyl test where there was no demonstrable histological tumor involvement of the myenteric plexus in the body of the esophagus. The interpretation of the manometric findings including the positive mecholyl test are discussed in the light of these histological findings. The short duration of symptoms, the presence of anemia and guaiac positive stools, along with subtle radiologic abnormalities of the gastric fundus were aspects of this case which should increase the index of suspicion and lead to the correct diagnosis. In the evaluation of patients with the achalasic syndrome, a tumor-associated functional and organic disorder mimicking idiopathic achalasia in all respects has to be considered.
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PMID:Esophageal achalasia secondary to gastric carcinoma. Report of a case and a review of the literature. 43 88

Novel autoantibodies are described which react with renal podocytes. These antibodies were found in 9 patients (2 with renal disease, 2 with liver disease, 2 with rheumatic disease, 1 with achalasia, 1 with carcinoma of the pancreas and 1 with anemia). Colocalization studies with double immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy using monoclonal antibodies against the 44 kD podocyte protein showed a similar fluorescence pattern for both antibodies. The target antigens remain unclear.
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PMID:[Autoantibodies against podocytes of the kidney glomerulus]. 769 10

Several endoscopic dilatations of the distal esophagus had been performed on this 77 year old woman with achalasia and secondary epiphrenic diverticulum. At present, swallowing was not essentially hampered and the body weight was stable. She was admitted for general weakness and a fall. The investigations revealed a traumatic pelvic fracture, as well as microcytic hypochromic anemia and marked hypoproteinemia. Endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract showed an extreme inflammatory reaction of the mucosa. It was postulated that bacterial overgrowth had spread from the esophageal diverticulum to the upper intestinal tract and induced infectious anemia and protein-loosing enteropathy. Anemia and hypoproteinemia responded well to a treatment with cotrimotazole but relapsed after discontinuation of the antibiotics.
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PMID:[Generalized weakness in pre-existing achalasia]. 932 24

It has been reported that patients who refuse blood transfusions, such as Jehovah's witnesses, can undergo major surgery. In a review of the literature, however, we critically examined the severity of anaemia in relation to operative mortality and morbidity rates. We report three cases of Jehovah's witnesses who underwent major surgery and presented complication during the postoperative period. Case 1: a 50-year-old man with oesophageal achalasia who underwent Heller's myotomy and Nissen's fundoplication. The postoperative period was complicated by massive haemorrhage and the patient was reoperated on postoperative day 1. After four years, he underwent total oesophagectomy because of severe chronic oesophagitis. On postoperative day 13 the patient suffered anteroseptal myocardial ischaemia, which was treated with medical therapy. Case 2: a 40-year-old man, admitted for ulcerative rectocolitis, who underwent total colectomy. On postoperative day 1 he presented massive haemorrhage and shock. He was reoperated and the postoperative period was complicated by myocardial ischaemia, renal failure and an enterocutaneous fistula. Case 3: a 65-year-old woman with ulcerative rectocolitis who underwent total colectomy and a temporary ileostomy. She suffered venous thrombosis of the lower limbs and pulmonary oedema. The patient died 14 months after surgery as a result of massive haemolysis by cryoagglutinins and cardiac arrest.
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PMID:[Severity of anemia and operative morbidity and mortality. Report on 3 clinical cases in Jehovah's Witnesses and review of the literature]. 1194 8

Functional and metabolic syndromes after surgery of the upper gastrointestinal tract (including the pancreas) are frequent. Resections of organs mandate the reconstruction with a change of anatomy. Predominantly, the reconstruction using a Y-en-Roux jejunal loop is used. The surgical alteration of the anatomy may lead to a different physiology. Patients after esophagectomy or gastrectomy may suffer from dysphagia, dumping syndromes, reflux and anaemia. Pancreatic resections or drainage operations may cause an exocrine or endocrine insufficiency. Patients after surgery for gastroesophageal reflux or achalasia may have gas-related symptoms such as bloating and flatulence. The treatment options of these syndromes include physical measures, drugs, interventional procedures and even revisional surgery. Detailed preoperative information of the procedure and multidisciplinary postoperative treatment (general practitioner, surgeon, gastroenterologist etc.) of evolving functional syndromes is mandatory to achieve a high standard of care.
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PMID:[Functional syndromes after surgery of the upper gastrointestinal tract]. 2219 36

Achalasia is a prototypic esophageal motility disorder with complications including aspiration-pneumonia, esophagitis, esophageal-tracheal fistula, spontaneous rupture of the esophagus, and squamous cell carcinoma. However, achalasia is rarely associated with esophageal stones and ulcer formation that lead to upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Here, we report the case of a 61-year-old woman who was admitted to our department after vomiting blood for six hours. Physical examination revealed that the patient had severe anemia and mild palpitation in the upper abdomen. CT revealed lower esophageal dilatation and esophageal wall thickening, and an emergency upper endoscopy showed that the esophagus was substantially expanded by a dark round stone, with multiple ulcers on the esophageal wall and a slit in the cardiac mucosa with a large clot attached. The patient's history included ingestion of 1 kg hawthorn three days prior. The acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding was caused by Mallory-Weiss syndrome associated with achalasia and an esophageal stone. For patients with achalasia, preventing excessive ingestion of tannins is crucial to avoid complications such as bleeding and rupture.
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PMID:Rare case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in achalasia. 2578 7