Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014547 (focal epilepsy)
 1,627 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the study was evaluation of propanidid as an agent activating the bioelectric activity of the brain. Examinations were carried out in 200 patients. In patients with generalized epileptic seizures a positive result of activation trial was obtained in 92,8% of the cases. In cases of focal epilepsy, temporal or not temporal, administration of propanidid revealed or increased pathological focal activity all. Activation permitted also brain tumours to be localized more precisely. In patients with cerebraal circulatory disturbances the activating effect of propanidid was observed in 82,8% of the cases. The drug is suitable for outpatient practice and for follow-up examinations.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Use of propanidid in bioelectrical brain activation]. 40 21

For activation of electrocorticographic records the authors administered intravenously thiopental or Brietal to 86 patients undergoing operations for various types of focal epilepsy. Thiopental was administered either in intravenous drip infusion as 0.2% solution, or in a single injection of 2.5% solution. Brietal was injected as 1% solution intravenously. Thiopental activated electrocorticographic tracings in 56.3% and Brietal in 84% of the patients. In the conclusions the authors stress that both these agents may be used for activation of pathological discharges in ECoG in patients with epilepsy operated upon under general anaesthesia. Brietal seems to be better and it may be administered many times.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Comparison between thiopental and brietal in the activation electrocorticographic records in epileptics]. 40 22

A detection of structural changes in the brain of epileptic patients is of importance to the choice of therapeutical management. Incidence and character of lesions in CT-scans of the skull were analysed in the random group of epileptic patients. Normal areas in CT-scans were prevailing in young patients. Atrophic lesions to the brain increased with the patients' age and duration of the disease. Normal results were obtained in post-traumatic epilepsy and that of unknown etiology similarly to atrophic lesions whereas localized lesions were found in all patients with cerebral tumors. Partial epilepsy, especially of short duration, was characterized by high incidence of localized lesions. Normal EEG records were rare in patients with localized lesions detected with CT-scans whereas normal CT-scans may be related to abnormal EEG record. Presence of the localized lesions in some patients and atrophic areas did not limit clinical results of monitored therapy. CT-scanning of the skull should be performed in case of all patients with epilepsy even if there are no significant changes in EEG records or clinical status.
Pol Tyg Lek 1989 Jan 30
PMID:[Computerized tomography of the head in patients with epilepsy]. 281 64

All-night EEG records were obtained in 100 patients aged 14-48 years staying at a neurosurgical centre for various forms of focal epilepsy. In 84 cases discharges were observed during the nocturnal investigation. The morphology of the discharges depended on the phase of sleep during which they appeared. Discharges occurring in phases of light sleep had greater activity and more focal character in relation to the remaining NREM phases. On the other hand, discharges in deep sleep phases had a greater tendency for generalization. In half the cases focal discharges disappeared in the REM sleep phase. Intraseizure changes depended on the phase of sleep, focal or generalized character, and localization of pathological focus. Seiture activity during sleep was never observed in the REM phase of sleep.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Effect of different stages of physiological nocturnal sleep on interseizure discharges in patients with various forms of epilepsy]. 663

Somatosensoric evoked potentials produced during a stimulation of median nerve have been recorded in 64 patients with untreated seizures, including 9 patients with partial seizures, 27 patients with partial complex seizures, partial secondary generalized seizures (22 patients), and 6 patients with primary generalized seizures. Higher mean amplitude of N13 wave has been noted in patients with simple partial seizures and complex seizures whereas a mean amplitude of wave N20 has been higher in case of partial primary generalized seizures. Measurements have been repeated in 45 patients with focal epilepsy within approximately 3 months. These patients have been given either phenytoin (22 individuals) or carbamazepine (21 individuals). Phenytoin prolonged mean proximal conduction time (N9-N13) while carbamazepine prolonged mean central conduction time (N13-N20). Both therapies prolonged mean peripheral conduction time in both groups but only in the group treated with carbamazepine observed changes were statistically significant.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Effect of monotherapy with phenytoin or carbamazepine on somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy]. 802 47

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were recorded from the scalp in 47 patients and intraoperatively from the exposed cortex in 30 persons with various forms of focal epilepsy. SEP from stimulation of the median nerve were recorded from the standard derivations: F3, F4, C3, C4, T3, T4, P3, P4 and/or electrodes placed on the exposed cortex. Primary cortical negative (N20) and positive (P20) responses were analyzed. Surface recordings were normal in majority of cases (79%). The most common abnormality was the lack of cortical waves in the damaged area (mostly frontal region) or the absence of cortical responses in the whole hemisphere when central area was involved. Comparing cortical responses obtained before and during operation we found that they were similar (polarization, latency) in the majority of cases there was no response before and intraoperatively. SEP are primarily influenced by organic brain damage symptoms, but not by functional brain changes.
Pol Tyg Lek
PMID:[Somatosensory potentials evoked in patients with epilepsy recorded from the scalp and from the exposed cortex during surgery]. 802 46

Pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded in 64 patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Before starting medication the patients with partial and primary generalized epilepsy, had prolonged latencies of the VEPs component P100, as compared with controls. VEPs were repeated after 3 months in 43 patients with focal epilepsy, during carbamazepine (22 cases) or phenytoin (21 cases) treatment. The plasma concentration of the drugs were within therapeutic levels. Carbamazepine but not phenytoin, was associated with prolongation of the P100 peak latency and induced increase of its amplitude, as compared with the baseline condition. The VEPs abnormality was most pronounced in patients whose seizures were poorly controlled. We conclude, that administration of carbamazepine or phenytoin, at therapeutic serum level, have minimal effect on the VEPs.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Effect of phenytoin and carbamazepine on evoked potentials in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Part I. Visual evoked potentials]. 917 34

The basic aim of neuroimaging in children with intractable focal epilepsy is stablishing localization of epileptogenic zone. In this study 34 children (age 11-17 years) with intractable focal epilepsy were examined including: clinical history, physical examination, EEG, CT, MR, 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT. The hypoperfused region in interictal SPECT was concordant with clinical seizure characteristics in 22 children, with EEG in 13, with MR with 13 children. The localization of hyperperfused region in ictal SPECT was concordant with the clinical seizure characteristics in 9 from 10 examined children, with EEG in 7 and with MR in 8. The diagnostic value of estimation of the localization of epileptogenic zone in interictal SPECT (63 per cent) was comparable with the results of EEG (56 per cent) and MR (59 per cent), but ictal SPECT offers more information (100 per cent). In conclusion, performing both ictal and interictal SPECT studies may provide data about both seizure origin and its relationship with structurally abnormal regions of the brain.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2000
PMID:[Comparison of modern diagnostic methods in children with intractable focal epilepsy]. 1076 49

Cerebral tumours are a cause of seizures in less than 1-2% of children epilepsy. Seizure symptoms usually precede the diagnosis by several years and are often the only symptoms of an ongoing process. The symptomatology of the seizures often correlates with localization of a neoplastic lesion. The authors present six children aged 3 to 18 in whom epileptic seizures not susceptible to treatment were caused by cerebral tumours. The duration of epilepsy until the determining of the aetiology was various--from half a year to 13 years. In each of our six patients focal epilepsy occurred with simple or complex seizures with secondary generalization. It was only one patient in whom the tomography of the head turned out to be sufficient enough to establish the diagnosis of a brain tumour; in the other ones MR was necessary. The final diagnosis in four of the children was supported by histopathologic examination carried out during a neurosurgical procedure, whereas in one of them--by means of biopsy of the brain.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2000
PMID:[Cerebral tumors as a cause of refractory epilepsy in children]. 1076 64

The aim of the study was the evaluation of the influence of 4-month concomitant tiagabine (TGB) and valproic acid (VPA) or carbamazepine (CBZ) therapy on renal function of epileptic children and teenagers. Initial parameter values, indicated on renal disfunction, were compared with these obtained after VPA and TGB or CBZ and TGB therapy and with values in healthy children and teenagers. Investigation group was composed of 22 children and teenagers with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. We observed that in the time of concomitant VPA and TGB therapy increased the NAG/g creatinine activity index. In spite the fact of statistical significance of these changes, they were not outside the normal range. beta 2-microglobulin concentrations in urine of epileptic children treated with VPA in monotherapy before concomitant therapy with TGB were higher than in control group. That difference was statistically significant. Addition of TGB to the therapy normalized this parameter. During concomitant VPA and TGB or CBZ and TGB therapy we didn't observe statistically significant changes of parameters indicating on glomerular disfunction. In the VPA therapy before concomitant treatment with tiagabine the disfunction of tubules and glomerules was observed. On the other side in the concomitant VPA and TGB therapy the disfunction of tubules and glomerules didn't occurred. We can conclude that concomitant therapy VPA or CBZ with tiagabine don't affect the renal function in clinical significant manner. Therapy with VPA could leads to minimal disfunction of tubules what is represented by increasing of beta 2-microglobulin level in urine.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2001 Dec
PMID:[Monitoring of renal function in epileptic children and teenagers treated with valproic acid or carbamazepine in concomitant therapy with tiagabine]. 1189 42


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