Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014547 (focal epilepsy)
 1,627 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

COL4A1 is located in humans on chromosome13q34 and it encodes the alpha 1 chain of type IV collagen, a component of basal membrane. It is expressed mainly in the brain, muscles, kidneys and eyes. Different COL4A1 mutations have been reported in many patients who present a very wide spectrum of clinical symptoms. They typically show a multisystemic phenotype. Here we report on the case of a patient carrying a novel de novo splicing mutation of COL4A1 associated with a distinctive clinical picture characterized by onset in infancy and an unusual evolution of the neuroradiological features. At three months of age, the child was diagnosed with a congenital cataract, while his brain MRI was normal. Over the following years, the patient developed focal epilepsy, mild diplegia, asymptomatic microhematuria, raised creatine kinase levels, MRI white matter abnormalities and brain calcification on CT. During the neuroradiological follow-up the extension and intensity of the brain lesions progressively decreased. The significance of a second variant in COL4A1 carried by the child and inherited from his father remains to be clarified. In conclusion, our patient shows new aspects of this collagenopathy and possibly a COL4A1 compound heterozygosity.
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PMID:A novel mutation in COL4A1 gene: a possible cause of early postnatal cerebrovascular events. 2570 14

Mutations in COL4A1 are well described and result in brain abnormalities manifesting with severe neurological deficits including cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, and focal epilepsy. Families with mutations in COL4A2 are now emerging with a similar phenotype. We describe a family with an autosomal dominant disorder comprising porencephaly, focal epilepsy, and lens opacities, which was negative for mutations in COL4A1. Using whole exome sequencing of three affected individuals from three generations, we identified a rare variant in COL4A2. This COL4A2 (c.2399G>A, p.G800E, CCDS41907.1) variant was predicted to be damaging by multiple bioinformatics tools and affects an invariable glycine residue that is essential for the formation of collagen IV heterotrimers. The cataracts identified in this family expand the phenotypic spectrum associated with mutations in COL4A2 and highlight the increasing overlap with phenotypes associated with COL4A1 mutations.
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PMID:A mutation in COL4A2 causes autosomal dominant porencephaly with cataracts. 2670 57

Collagen type IV, alpha-1 (COL4A1) variants can cause cerebrovascular diseases, such as porencephaly and cerebral hemorrhage, in addition to other autosomal dominant hereditary diseases. Patients with COL4A1 variants can present with epilepsy, most commonly focal epilepsy. In this paper, we present five patients, three of whom were examined by the authors, and two who were previously reported. Clinically, these five patients were characterized by the presence of West syndrome (WS), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), and microcephaly, but none had a history of premature birth or hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Genetic testing results indicated that all patients had heterozygous variants of COL4A1. Genetic testing for the COL4A1 variants should be considered when a patient without a history of prematurity or HIE develops WS with PVL and microcephaly.
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PMID:Phenotypic characterization of COL4A1-related West syndrome. 3244 63