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Query: UMLS:C0014547 (focal epilepsy)
 1,627 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Computerized transaxial tomography was carried out on 50 consecutive unselected patients referred to a neurologic practice for evaluation of focal epilepsy. Structural abnormalities were defined in 35.3 percent of these studies: porencephalic cysts in six patients, diffuse cerebral atrophy in five, cerebral hemiatrophy in three, focal cortical atrophy in two, neoplasms in two, hydrocephalus in one patient, and cerebeller hypoplasia in one. Computerized transaxial tomography is a useful outpatient procedure for evaluation and follow-up of patients with focal seizure disorders.
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PMID:Computerized transaxial tomography in the evaluation of patients with focal epilepsy. 81 Jul 37

Hemiconvulsions-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome (HH/HHE) is a rare epileptic syndrome consisting of a prolonged unilateral convulsion producing a persisting hemiplegia, sometimes followed by epilepsy. We report on a 13-month-old male who presented with febrile left-sided HH syndrome with right hemispheric unilateral cytotoxic oedema followed by hemispheric atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Six months later the child progressively developed refractory focal epilepsy, including right hemiclonic seizures, and nearly continuous left frontal rhythmic spikes, suggesting the presence of a focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). A repeat MRI at 2 years of age showed left frontal FCD. This unusual case of dual pathology--right HH syndrome and left FCD--suggests that some other factor than the malformation determined the prolonged status and brain atrophy. The kinetics of regional cortical maturation could explain this unusual condition.
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PMID:Atypical case of hemiconvulsions-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome revealing contralateral focal cortical dysplasia. 1628 74

A modified ketogenic diet was demonstrated to be remarkably effective in a child with intractable symptomatic focal epilepsy with combined seizures of focal seizures and epileptic spasms (ES) in a cluster (ESC). ES started at 8 months of age and disappeared with ACTH therapy. At the age of 13 months, the child began to have intractable focal seizures that, later, were followed by ESC 10 times a day. Brain MRI showed only a non-specific diffuse cerebral atrophy. Interictal EEG showed high amplitude diffuse disorganized slow waves with prominent sharp waves predominant over the bilateral occipital region. We started a modified ketogenic diet (mKD) treatment without fasting or a water/calorie limitation. Since the 20th day of mKD, the patient has been seizure free (6 months) without adverse effects. EEG showed remarkable improvement and he has some improvement in the developmental milestones. A modified ketogenic diet is easier to start and continue compared to the classic ketogenic diet, and should be tried in intractable epilepsies that are not treatable surgically early in life from the developmental prognosis point of view.
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PMID:[Remarkable effect of a modified ketogenic diet in a boy with focal seizures followed by epileptic spasms in a cluster]. 2180 Jun 96