Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014544 (epilepsy)
 64,704 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Transient global amnesia, epilepsy, and migraine are three common neurologic disorders likely to be encountered by military physicians. These three entities share many clinical, electroencephalographic, and pathophysiologic characteristics. We report a patient who exemplifies the indistinct boundaries among these conditions and whose response to treatment supports the use of anticonvulsants for selected patients who have recalcitrant migraine.
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PMID:Transient global amnesia, epilepsy, and migraine: diagnostic comparisons and distinctions. 250 76

The incidence of migraine was studied in 4 groups of patients: patients with centro-temporal epilepsy, patients with absence of epilepsy, patients with partial epilepsy, and non-epileptic patients with a history of cranial trauma. Migraines were present in 62% of the patients with centro-temporal epilepsy, 34% of the patients with absence of epilepsy, 8% of the patients with partial epilepsy and 6% of the patients with cranial trauma. These results suggest that the association of centro-temporal epilepsy and migraine is non-fortuitous as well as, to a lesser degree, absence of epilepsy and migraine. The authors discuss the role of serotonin in the association epilepsy-migraine and suggest that centro-temporal epilepsy might be a feature for the diagnosis of migraine.
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PMID:[Epilepsy with rolandic paroxysms and migraine, a non-fortuitous association. Results of a controlled study]. 251 4

Levels of excitatory amino acids in the brain extracellular fluid compartment rise during pathological conditions in the brain such as ischaemia, anoxia and epilepsy. One such amino acid, glutamate, is present in sensory nerve fibres innervating, for example, cerebral vessels. Enhanced levels of circulating glutamate and aspartate are found in migraine sufferers. The present study examined whether excitatory amino acids, in concentrations found in the brain extracellular fluid compartment during pathological conditions, exert a direct effect on cerebrovascular tone. As tested in flow-regulating pial arteries from rat, cat and man, no such constrictive or dilatory effect was obtained.
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PMID:Excitatory amino acids and cerebrovascular tone. 254 74

The objective of this study is to investigate the type, importance, and incidence of hereditary diseases in patients at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City. A review of 6,258 files indicated that hereditary diseases represent an important problem for the Institute. Of the diseases with the highest incidences, hereditary factors have an important role in seven (epilepsy, depression, facial palsy, schizophrenia, mental retardation, migraine, and Parkinson's disease). Diseases of known monogenic etiology represent 1.5% of all the cases.
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PMID:Importance of hereditary disease at a Neuropsychiatric Institute in Mexico City. 259 29

A pilot study to demonstrate the feasibility of measuring prevalence and prevalence ratios of major neurological disorders was successfully carried out in an urban area of Madrid, Spain, in a population of 961 subjects. The most frequent disorders identified were migraine, epilepsy and peripheral neuropathy.
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PMID:Prevalence of neurological diseases in Madrid, Spain. 264 61

Many studies have been done to try to define new therapeutic uses for calcium antagonists, in diseases in which calcium plays a role. Positive results have been obtained in the prevention of acute attacks of idiopathic Raynaud's disease and migraine, and in effort-induced asthma. Some activity could be demonstrated in selected groups of patients with pulmonary hypertension, manic-depressive illness, untractable epilepsy, various functional gynecological or digestive disorders, and in drug-induced nephrotoxicity. A possible effect on the prevention of resistance to anti-cancer drugs could be of major interest. Their antiplatelet effect, and their possible effect against atherosclerosis, which remains to be confirmed, their lack of side-effects in asthmatics and of interference with glucose regulation increase their usefulness in patients with hypertension or ischemic heart disease, especially when other diseases are present.
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PMID:[Use of calcium inhibitors excluding cardiac pathology and arterial hypertension]. 267 79

Flunarizine is a class IV calcium antagonist with a pharmacological profile which suggests its therapeutic potential in a number of neurological and cerebrovascular disorders. It is an effective prophylactic treatment for common or classic migraine in children and adults, and it appears at least as effective as a number of other agents which act by different pharmacological mechanisms, including pizotifen (pizotyline), cinnarizine, methysergide, nimodipine, metoprolol, propranolol, aspirin and cyclandelate. Flunarizine is also effective in reducing the frequency of seizures, when used as an 'add-on' treatment, in some patients with partial or generalised epilepsy resistant to maximal therapy with a combination of several conventional antiepileptic drugs. Placebo-controlled studies show that flunarizine is effective in the treatment of vertigo and associated symptoms of either peripheral or central origin, and in the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency where psychological symptoms, rather than vertigo, are the primary symptoms. In the treatment of vertigo, flunarizine appears at least as effective as cinnarizine and more effective than nicergoline, betahistine dichlorhydrate, pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) and vincamine. Flunarizine therefore is useful in the prophylaxis of migraine, an effective treatment for vertigo and a worthwhile alternative as 'add-on' therapy in patients with epilepsy resistant to conventional drugs.
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PMID:Flunarizine. A reappraisal of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in neurological disorders. 268 91

We studied 13 boys and girls, treated for ictal visual episodes, followed-up in the Center for Epilepsy of the University of Modena. In 10 cases visual symptoms (amaurosis, hallucinations, and illusions) started between 6 and 14 years, associated with occipital EEG anomalies. In 6 cases, EEG abnormalities (sharp-waves, slow waves, spikes, spike-waves) disappeared after eyes opening. In the history of half of our cases, there was no significant antecedent. Normal intelligence and behaviour were present in all cases. Only in one case, CT demonstrated bilateral occipital calcifications. In the other 9, visual ictal symptoms disappeared after antiepileptic treatment. We think that these last cases present the characteristic features of Benign Occipital Epilepsy described by Gastaut (1982-1985). On the basis of our results, we can confirm the existence of this syndrome, even if it is rare. Nevertheless, 3 of our cases with visual symptoms, don't show the typical picture of BOE, and must be diagnostically distinguished from psychiatric disorders, basilar migraine, and other partial epilepsies.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects, differential diagnosis and evolution of visual epileptic seizures in children]. 271 29

This research was designed as a pilot study in order to determine the feasibility and the reliability of a major door-to-door neuroepidemiological survey to be performed in the near future in 3 Sicilian towns with a total population of 30,000 inhabitants. 1,601 subjects were investigated by means of a questionnaire for the prevalence of stroke, epilepsy, parkinsonian syndromes, peripheral neuropathies, intracranial neoplasm and migraine. This preliminary study proved to be a good starting point, but some difficulties were identified in the questionnaire, in data collecting instruments and in diagnostic criteria.
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PMID:Neuroepidemiological survey on Sicilian population. A feasibility study. 275 53

The residents of Udo, a rural community of Edo-speaking people (population 2,925) in Bendel State, Nigeria were screened in a door-to-door survey for neurological disorders by specially instructed primary health care workers (PHW). A standard protocol was followed by PHW in collecting census data, administering a screening questionnaire, and performing a simple neurological examination. A neurologist confirmed the presence of neurological disorders in 235 (47%) of 504 screen-positive subjects after further clinical evaluation. The point prevalence ratios, per 1,000 population, for the most common neurological disorders identified in Udo were: migraine 63.2, febrile convulsions in children under 7 years of age 10.7, epilepsy 6.2, peripheral neuropathy 2.1 and myelopathy 1.7.
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PMID:Prevalence of neurological disorders in Udo, a rural community in southern Nigeria. 276 44


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