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Query: UMLS:C0014544 (epilepsy)
 64,704 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 54-year-old female patient presented acute hallucinatory psychotic episodes with irritative EEG for seven years before an initial state of complex partial mal. A single convulsive episode occurred 14 years after the beginning of the psychiatric symptoms. The intercritical EEG showed independent temporal lobe foci predominating on the right. It varied little during delirious phases but these occurred three times during weaning from antiepileptic drugs. The delirium improved when the treatment was restored, whereas neuroleptics proved ineffective. Psychiatric signs frequently described in epilepsy and particularly temporal epilepsy are reviewed. Usually, these symptoms are not concomitant. The literature mentions only a very few cases where psychosis appears to be ictal as in the reported case.
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PMID:[Epileptic psychosis--ictal psychosis?]. 250 10

The case of a young, unmarried boy, who had moderate mental retardation, epilepsy, and post-ictal psychosis, is described here. During the psychosis, he believed he was pregnant, and had related behavioural disturbances. The review of other such cases reveals that organic brain damage was evident in all cases. Brain damage seems to be the more likely causative factor than psychodynamic factors.
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PMID:Delusions of pregnancy in men. Case report and review of the literature. 261 67

A 59-year-old woman with Turner's syndrome developed epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, chronic psychosis, and subsequently pre-senile dementia. This would endorse the view that psychosis in Turner's syndrome arises through brain damage.
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PMID:Chronic psychosis in Turner's syndrome. Case report and a review. 209 57

Minor episodes of aggressive behavior are relatively common in some populations of patients with epilepsy. However, they are probably no more common than in populations who are socially disadvantaged or who have brain damage. The confusion that commonly follows seizures can lead to apparently aggressive behavior. Rarely, the seizure itself may lead to directed aggression; very rarely does it lead to murderous attacks. Although post-ictal psychotic aggression is usually not severe, when it is driven by prominent delusions and hallucinations, it can result in self-destructive acts or serious violence. Clearly, however, it is quite unfair to globally classify epileptics as aggressive, and the time has come to abandon this stereotype.
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PMID:The nature and management of aggression in epilepsy. 252 Oct 95

This paper is concerned with classification, clinical-electroencephalographic correlation, principles of treatment, and pharmaceutic therapy of epileptic psychoses. Based on the system of the physically founded reversible psychoses, classification of epileptic psychoses is developed, which is easy to apply for clinical and research purposes. Its principles are the criteria of disturbance of consciousness and of connexion to epileptic seizures. Epileptic psychoses without disturbance of consciousness frequently go along with a forced normalization of epileptic EEG-changes. This clinical-electroencephalographic correlation is documented by the cases of a depressive-paranoid and a cenesthetic alternative-psychosis. Epileptic psychoses connected to seizures, going along with disturbances of consciousness, however, show, without any exception, a pathological changed EEG. Also in the cases of the often iatrogenically produced epileptic psychoses with disturbances of consciousness yet not connected to seizures, the EEG-results are of decisive diagnostic importance. Each of these three clinical-electroencephalographically defined groups of psychoses calls for concentration on particular pathogenetical aspects concerning a specific pharmaceutic therapy. The respective principles of treatment are developed in subtly differentiated ways and they are provided with suggestion as to medicamental treatment. Schizophrenia-like epileptic psychoses are a model for idiopathic schizophrenias and so important perspective opens up for research.
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PMID:[Epileptic psychoses and their drug treatment]. 256 83

Postictal and interictal changes in behavior and the corresponded neurochemical data in the kindling model of epilepsy are reviewed briefly to explore a biological base for epileptic psychosis. Kindling can be a potent animal model to study this problem. A possible participation of both TRH and opioid system in prolonged postictal behavior disorder and of TRH, mesolimbic system and/or PI response to excitatory amino acid in interictal behavior disorder are discussed. A further experimental study is required to disclose the basic mechanism of epileptic psychosis.
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PMID:Psychosis of epilepsy--an approach to a biological basis for postictal and interictal psychoses. 257 87

The results of the genetic-correlative analysis of schizophrenia (681 families) and epilepsy (365 families) are given. The presence of various liabilities to these diseases, having genetic correlation of 0.16-0.19 between them, is shown. From epidemiologic data, elevated frequency of convulsive manifestations in schizophrenics and schizophrenia-like psychosis in epileptic patients was established. Within the limits of the three-component hypothesis of etiology of these diseases ("major genes", environmental factors and constitutional readiness), the relation detected is explained by interaction between constitutional readiness factors.
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PMID:[Analysis of the interconnection between susceptibility factors to schizophrenia and epilepsy]. 258 89

A man temporarily developed an organic personality change, psychosis and epilepsy after a frontal lobe operation for a subarachnoid haemorrhage. While affected, he set fire to his house. The arson is thought to have been a direct result of a seizure. The case and its legal management are discussed.
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PMID:Epilepsy and arson. 259 34

Obstetric prognosis and neonatal outcome of pregnant women with psychiatric disorders were retrospectively investigated. 1. Out of 1.472 deliveries at Saga Medical School from April 1983 to July 1988, there were fourteen cases (0.95%) involving psychiatric disorders-six of epilepsy, one of anxiety neurosis and seven of schizophrenias. 2. Total blood loss was relatively great in four epileptic patients. However, the general prognosis for each was good and the neonatal outcome was uneventful. 3. As for schizophrenic patients, six out of seven cases grew worse during the pregnancy and four in the postpartum period. Three cases underwent cesarean section due to their mental illness. 4. We made inquiries about the postpartum life of schizophrenic mothers and children, and received five answers (70.1%). It was found that schizophrenic mothers could not bring up the baby by themselves; they needed the help of their husbands and their own mothers. It is concluded that consistent management by both psychiatrist and obstetrician from the antepartum period to postpartum life are required for psychotic mothers and their children to obtain a favorable prognosis, and a follow-up system is desirable for the physical as well as the mental growth of the infants.
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PMID:[The obstetric prognosis and neonatal outcome of pregnant women with psychiatric disorders]. 259 20

Following a historical review and critical appraisal of the literature (problems of definition, selection, frequency, etiology, relation and classification) clinical findings from a series of retrospective and prospective studies (four samples with altogether 47 epileptic patients) are presented and discussed, as well as the results of EEG, CT and other relevant investigations. (1) 'Schizophrenia-like' interictal (periictal) psychoses in the epilepsies, which are not rare, appear to be true schizophreniform (= schizophrenic-accentuated) syndromes in a setting of 'clear' consciousness. There is no case of alternative psychosis and EEG 'forced normalization'. (2) Between schizophrenic-accentuated syndromes associated with regularly symptomatic epilepsies and genuine (endogeneous) schizophrenias, there are quantitative but no qualitative differences. Often there is a congruence and no possibility of differentiating in the transverse study. This is also true both for the affective and the cognitive disturbances ('structure of consciousness'); the latter are not suitable for separating the psychopathological syndromes of epilepsies. A discrimination between 'genuine' and 'symptomatic' schizophrenia is no longer meaningful. (3) A true (hereditary) coincidence of (genuine) epilepsy and schizophrenia occurs obviously very seldom. (4) Numerous findings are presented, concerning the conditions in which schizophrenic-accentuated syndromes appear. The following relevant factors are discussed: hereditary, latency, duration of illness, type and frequency of seizures, type and localization of EEG foci, type, extent and topography of brain lesions, quantity and quality of psychopathological findings as well as 'organic' psychosyndromes. The possible triggering of psychoses by psychosocial factors, low intelligence, chronic folate deficiency and other specific risk factors and the role of neurotransmitter disorders (GABA hypotheses) are discussed. Finally proposals are made concerning prevention and therapy. Especially often diagnosed non-alternative schizophrenic syndromes in epileptic patients must be controlled by blood levels of antiepileptics. There is a transitional rank, constituted by defined determinants between the poles epilepsy and schizophrenia or a converging course of those syndromes. The results should lead to more frequent EEG and CT eventual magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography-investigations in schizophrenic patients.
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PMID:Schizophrenic syndromes in epilepsies. 266 7


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