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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with endocarditis associated with chronic Coxiella burnetii infection is described in whom glomerulonephritis developed with granular deposits containing immunoglobulins and complement in the glomeruli. The serum was notable for the variety of circulating antibodies detected, which included antibodies directed against native DNA.
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PMID:Glomerulonephritis associated with Coxiella burnetii endocarditis. 12 64

A patient who developed a multisystem involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after 9 years of procainamide therapy, during which time he ingested enormous amounts of the drug, is described. The patient first suffered from recurrent episodes of pleuritis and arthritis, after which he developed a characteristic SLE nephritis associated with a high level of antinative DNA antibodies and a low level of complement. He finally died from a complication of a nonbacterial endocarditis. Autopsy showed polyserositis and typical deposits of electron-dense material on the glomerular basement membrane, and confirmed the clinical diagnosis of Libman-Sacks endocarditis. The possibility that procainamide-induced SLE might have all the clinical, immunological, and pathological features of spontaneous SLE, especially in patients exposed to large doses of the drug for many years, is discussed.
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PMID:Clinicopathological study of a patient with procainamide-induced systemic lupus erythematosus. 94 76

Enterococci are a frequent cause of hospital-acquired infection, being associated with urinary tract infections, wound sepsis, bacteremia, and endocarditis. The source of infection is usually thought to be endogenous, but some evidence points to cross-infection between patients. A better understanding of the epidemiology of enterococci has been limited by the lack of a good discriminatory typing system. This report describes the application of two DNA-based typing methods to Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium: comparison of restriction fragments from total DNA by conventional electrophoresis and comparison of restriction fragments hybridizing to an rRNA gene probe (ribotyping). Comparison of restriction fragments (from SstI digestion) by conventional electrophoresis was simple and highly discriminatory. The results of analysis of blood culture isolates and of repeat isolates from individual patients are reported. Ribotyping (with BscI digestion) was more applicable at the level of species discrimination.
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PMID:Typing of Enterococcus species by DNA restriction fragment analysis. 131 38

Eight new strains of Coxiella burnetii were isolated from chronic Q fever patients using centrifugationashell vial technique. Seven patients had endocarditis (including one patient with an immunodeficiency syndrome), and one had a vascular prosthesis infection. Three prototype strains, Nine Mile phase II, Q212 and Priscilla and eight new isolates were cultured in L 929 cells. Heterogeneity of their cytopathic effect was observed. DNAs of the eleven strains have been isolated and purified by standard procedures. Plasmid DNA was separated from chromosomal DNA by a low melting point gel. Electrophoresis in agarose gel showed that seven of the eight new strains had plasmids which were about 40 kb (plasmid V517 was used as size marker). Endonuclease-restriction analysis of the 8 human isolates is currently under investigation.
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PMID:Phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity of 8 new human Coxiella burnetti isolates. 135 Jan 76

Two colonial variants of Staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from the valvular tissue of a patient with native valve endocarditis. In addition to differing in colonial morphology, the two variants differed in hemolysis on blood-containing media, in adherence capacity, and in the expression of certain enzymes. Under suitable conditions, both variants were themselves capable of phenotypic variation, although they differed in the rate at which variants were generated. The variants yielded identical profiles on restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of whole-cell DNA. This report suggests a possible role for phenotypic variation in coagulase-negative staphylococcal virulence. Congo red agar would be an excellent medium for studying the contribution of variation to the virulence of these organisms.
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PMID:Phenotypic variation of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from a patient with native valve endocarditis. 140 Oct 3

Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) is usually a variant of normal occurring in about 4% of the population. Complications are relatively uncommon, but false associations due to ascertainment bias have had a potential for iatrogenic harm. Adverse outcomes which do occur in a subset of MVP subjects are considered here in relation to the contributions of genes, gender and geometry. There are definite associations between MVP and several dominantly inherited connective tissue abnormalities; it occurs in 85% of adults with Marfan syndrome. All these contribute to a very small proportion of the MVP population. A larger less easily characterised group with dominant inheritance and some features of a connective tissue disorder awaits DNA studies for identification. For most MVP subjects our data define significant family aggregation consistent with polygenic inheritance; the likelihood of a first degree relative having MVP is about two and a half times the population average. There is a higher prevalence in young women than in men-5% versus 3%; this has also been demonstrated for floppy mitral valve (MV) at autopsy. MVP complications of chordal rupture, severe mitral regurgitation and infective endocarditis are, however, two to three times more common in men, are age related and evident after the age of 50 years. Higher blood pressure in men may contribute to this in accordance with a response-to-injury hypothesis to explain progressive valve changes. Leaflet, annulus and left ventricular size differences and septal changes are geometric variants with a potential for increasing tension-related valve injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Genes, gender and geometry and the prolapsing mitral valve. 144 38

This study examines a series of phenotypic variants of Staphylococcus epidermidis that were generated from a pair of parent variants, isolated from valvular tissue of a patient with prosthetic valve endocarditis. The variants were initially classified by examining their colonial morphology on Congo red agar. In addition to differences in Congo red binding and colonial morphology, they differed in the expression of several surface components and enzymes. Despite these phenotypic differences, all variants had the same restriction endonuclease profile of plasmid DNA. Examination of a collection of clinical isolates demonstrated that phenotypic variation is a common property of S. epidermidis. The ability to express different combinations of surface components and enzymes could contribute to the virulence of S. epidermidis strains by enabling these organisms to colonize a range of diverse environments.
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PMID:A study of phenotypic variation of Staphylococcus epidermidis using Congo red agar. 146 27

An unusual case of catheter-related right-sided endocarditis, endophthalmitis, and extensive folliculitis, apparently caused by a single DNA biotype of Candida albicans, was successfully treated with a 6-month course of fluconazole plus two intravitreous doses of amphotericin B. The patient was a 21-year-old man who underwent colectomy for diffuse polyposis and developed the clinical syndrome just described following total parenteral nutrition for the treatment of purulent anal fistulas. Fluconazole was initially administered at a daily dose of 200 mg, with 600 mg daily given after 4 weeks. Clinical improvement resulted, with no relapse during 14 months of follow-up. Sequential measurements by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent inhibition assay demonstrated that levels of circulating mannoprotein antigen of C. albicans fell from 75 ng/mL to less than 1 ng/mL after the institution of fluconazole therapy. These observations seem to confirm previous reports on the efficacy of fluconazole as sole therapy for candidal endocarditis and suggest a role for serological studies in clinical monitoring of severe candidal infections.
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PMID:Fluconazole treatment of catheter-related right-sided endocarditis caused by Candida albicans and associated with endophthalmitis and folliculitis. 155 27

During the last few years, among nosocomial pathogens, Acinetobacter spp. have given rise to an increasing number of nosocomial infections. Acinetobacter strains are widely distributed in nature; in hospitals, the human skin is the likely source for most outbreaks of hospital infections. The organism has been frequently found in the inanimate environment, especially in moist situations and it has been isolated from various types of opportunistic infections (septicaemia, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, skin and wound sepsis and urinary tract infection). For epidemiological studies, various typing methods such as biotyping, bacteriocin typing and serology have been developed. More recently electrophoretic patterns of cell-envelope proteins and plasmid analysis have proved useful in differentiating outbreak strains. Antibiogram typing may be useful but the antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter spp. has changed rapidly within the last few years and thus antibiotyping must be complemented by other typing systems. New methods such as electrophoretic analysis of isoenzymes, definition of plasmidotype profiles or restriction endonuclease digestion of chromosomal DNA are under investigation.
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PMID:Hospital infection with Acinetobacter spp.: an increasing problem. 167 90

The clinical findings relating to 11 patients in Hong Kong (HK) and to 43 patients described elsewhere, all with Streptococcus zooepidemicus septicaemia, are reviewed. There was a particular association with cardiovascular disease (27%) with seven cases of endocarditis, three of abdominal aortic aneurysm and two of deep venous thrombosis. Associations not previously reported included two cases of pharyngitis and two patients with persistent post-operative fever. The overall mortality was 22%. Both human and porcine strains of S. zooepidemicus from HK did not hydrolyse aesculin in contrast to the aesculin-positive biotypes reported previously. HK strains also had very mucoid colonies and capsules of hyaluronic acid were seen in electron micrographs. Samples of chromosomal DNA, extracted by means of HindIII restriction endonuclease, of strains from human beings and pigs were identical. The MIC of penicillin for all strains was less than or equal to 0.03 mg/l but the MBC for all was greater than 32 mg/l. Penicillin alone is generally sufficient for cure but combination with an aminoglycoside may be indicated in seriously ill patients. In our locality, pigs were incriminated as a possible source of human infection whereas consumption of contaminated dairy products is important elsewhere.
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PMID:Streptococcus zooepidemicus (Lancefield group C) septicaemia in Hong Kong. 227 71


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