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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In two patients infective endocarditis developed as the primary manifestation of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. Infected vegetations were present on the mitral and aortic valves. In addition, bacterial vegetations were observed on the septal endocardium at the site of contact between the mitral valve leaflet and the hypertrophic septum. Thus, chronic endocardial trauma, a common finding in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, may provide a fertile nidus for the development of bacterial vegetation.
Am J Cardiol 1979 Sep
PMID:Mural vegetations at the site of endocardial trauma in infective endocarditis complicating idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. 57 57

Twenty-seven consecutive patients with an aortic valve prosthesis were evaluated with retrograde left ventricular catheterization. The prosthesis was successfully crossed, permitting hemodynamic and angiographic evaluation of function of the prosthetic valve, left ventricle and mitral valve in all 27 cases. No complications were encountered. In patients with active endocarditis or recent embolization, the retrograde technique was avoided when possible, and attempts were made to utilize other techniques for study. However, three such patients were evaluated with the retrograde technique without complication. Examination of pressure tracings and cineangiographic films suggested only minor interference with valve poppet movement induced by the catheter transversing the valve. In three cases, hemodynamic data were recorded with the catheter crossing the prosthesis at one time and a paraprosthetic valve defect at another time. Identical gradients were recorded. This series documents the safety and efficacy of the retrograde approach, which is proposed as an alternative to the transseptal technique and left ventricular puncture.
Am J Cardiol 1978 May 01
PMID:Retrograde left ventricular catheterization in patients with an aortic valve prosthesis. 64 98

In subjects carrying pacemakers, the catheter-electrode can induce, over a period of time, specific modifications at the level of the veins and the heart. The organism reacts to extraneous bodies with adhesive and sometimes thrombotic phenomena. The latter can occasionally be the cause of a pulmonary embolism (8 cases out of 105) or more rarely, the seat of a mycotic infection (one case). In the casuistry are included two cases of the complete perforation of the right ventricle (one of which was fatal) and four cases of partial perforation; in another subject a papillary muscle was perforated. Finally, one case of endocarditis was noted, the so called traumatic type, of the tricuspid valve.
G Ital Cardiol 1978
PMID:[Pathological observations on patients carrying pacemakers and clinical consequences. Reports of 105 observed cases (author's transl)]. 75 69

Prophylaxis is defined as: "measures designed to preserve health and prevent the spread of disease" (18). Two implicit parts to such a definition are first, that what is being prevented causes disease, and second, that the measure(s) proposed prevents this disease. We will briefly review the evidence that patients with rheumatic heart disease and/or prosthetic cardiac devices are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from infection and further that antibiotics reduce this morbidity and mortality. Antibiotic prophylaxis is undertaken in patients with rheumatic heart disease and in those with prosthetic devices for two purposes: 1. prevention of reccurrences of rheumatic fever; and, 2. prevention of infective endocarditis. These are two different issues which will be discussed separately.
Clin Cardiol 1978 Aug
PMID:Antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with rheumatic heart disease and prosthetic devices. 75 16

The infection of an endocardial prosthesis, either valvular or septal patch, is a frequent and dangerous post-operative complication. Eleven patients having postoperative endocarditis (9 on valve prosthesis and 2 on ventricular septal patch) are the subject of this paper. Six of the 7 infected "early" had Gram-negative bacteria in the blood cultures, while staphylococus aureus, streptococcus viridans and klebsiella pneumoniae were responsible for 3 of the 4 "late" infections. In 2 patients, one "early" and one "late" the causative bacteria were not identified. The definite prevalence of Gram-negative flora in post-operative endocarditis may have been facilitated by the routine use of antibiotics after open-heart surgery. Three of the 11 patients survived, one after replacement of the infected prosthesis and two after prolonged specific antibiotic treatment. On the basic of this experience, compared with other written reports, the authors propose to treat postoperative endocarditis medically for approximately 5 weeks, with full doses of specific antibiotics, reserving for surgical treatment only the cases of prosthetic malfunction, left atrial thrombosis, peripheral embolization and in those patients where the medical treatment fails.
G Ital Cardiol 1975
PMID:[Postoperative bacterial endocarditis after cardiac prosthesis (author's transl)]. 77 Feb 23

9 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endocarditis are reported and the results of this study are compared with the data of the literature. The source of infection was known in 8 patients: 7 were nosocomial infections (cardiac catheterization in 5 cases, cardiac surgery in 2 cases). The diagnosis was made in 8 patients with left-sided endocarditis. In 1 patient tricuspid endocarditis was diagnosed on postmortem examination. Carbenicillin associated with an aminoglycoside antibiotic appeared to be the most effective treatment when prescribed for several weeks. 6 of 9 patients died of uncontrolled septicemia, 3 of whom underwent surgery which was twice performed because of poor hemodynamic status. In the other 3 patients drug administration was effective at first. However, a relapse occurred in these three cases compelling another effective antibiotic therapy. Surgery was peformed in these three patients. Valve cultures were negative in two cases and positive in 1. These 3 patients survived. They are still alive after a follow-up period of 2 or 3 years.
Eur J Cardiol 1976 Mar
PMID:Pseudomonas aeruginosa endocarditis. A report of nine cases. 81 57

The bicuspid aortic valve is recognized as a frequent cause of aortic stenosis in adults. Aortic stenosis has been reported to occur in as many as 72 percent of adults with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve, with peak incidence occurring in the 5th and 6th decades of life. Review of the clinical records of 152 patients aged 20 years and older found to have a bicuspid aortic valve at autopsy revealed aortic stenosis in only 28 percent. The incidence of aortic stenosis increased progressively with age; 46 percent of patients over age 50 years and 73 percent over age 70 years had some degree of stenosis. The stenotic valves were obstructed by nodular, calcareous masses but commissural fusion was present in only eight cases. The largest group of patients in the series (40 percent) died of infective endocarditis; 77 percent of these were under age 50 years. Primary aortic regurgitation without infective endocarditis was uncommon. Thirty-two percent of the patients in this series had an apparently normally functioning aortic valve, and this rate remained relatively constant with increasing age; 37 percent of patients over age 50 years and 27 percent over age 70 years had an apparently normal valve. The bicuspid aortic valve in patients over age 20 does not invariably become stenotic or insufficient.
Am J Cardiol 1977 Feb
PMID:Congenital bicuspid aortic valve after age 20. 83 75

A case of acute myocardial infarct caused by a nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis is reported. It was followed by irreversible shock. The left coronary artery, which was in an abnormal position, was occluded by a verrucous peduncular elongation originating from the anterior left leaflet of the aortic valve.
G Ital Cardiol 1977
PMID:[Acute coronary occlusion of non bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (author's transl)]. 85 60

In a patient with pseudomonas endocarditis a pulmonary regurgitant murmur developed. Sequential echocardiography demonstrated the initial absence of vegetations, the evolution of pulmonary valve vegetations with relapse and finally the apperance of vegetations on all cardiac valves. The findings were confirmed at autopsy. Echocardiography, a useful technique for evaluating mitral, aortic and tricuspid vegetations, can also detect pulmonary valve vegetations.
Am J Cardiol 1977 Jun
PMID:Pulmonary valve vegetations detected with echocardiography. 86 68

Infectious endocarditis involving intracardiac prosthesis continues to be a common and dangerous complication of cardiac surgery, but the incidence and severity of the disease are probably underestimated in this country. 14 cases of prosthetic endocarditis observed in a 5 years period are reported in this paper. 7 were early cases and 7 late cases. Etiology, clinical course, and pathological lesions, were similar in the two groups, while mortality was higher in the first group (100%) than in the second (85%). Delay in the diagnosis, negative blood cultures in a third of all cases, and doubts in indications for surgery, were the main reasons for a higher mortality than usual. Only one patient was reoperated on, unsuccessfully, but no patient who had not improved after two weeks of correct antibiotic treatment, survived; such cases, especially if diagnosis has been late and/or blood cultures negative, should be reoperated on without delay. The greatest efforts should be made in the prevention of the disease and, in particular, pre-operative and late post-operative prophylaxis should become more rigid and systematic.
G Ital Cardiol 1977
PMID:[Infectious endocarditis in patients with intracardiac prosthesis (author's transl)]. 87


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