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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three children with Candida Parapsilosis endocarditis after total surgical correction for Tetralogy of Fallot, are reported. Blood cultures became negative in one child with amphotericin-B and in the other two with Ketoconazole, before reoperation for septal patch replacement. Oral therapy with Ketoconazole continued for a total of 24 months, and during a mean follow-up of 36 months no side effects or reinfection occurred. Medical and surgical conjoined therapy, with surgical timing decided on clinical and laboratorial grounds, were important for good results and cure.
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PMID:[Endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis after total correction of tetralogy of Fallot. Medico-surgical treatment]. 180 94

Three cases of osteoarthritis due to dematiaceous fungi are reported. The first case, a Drechslera longirostrata spondylitis complicating prosthetic valve fungal endocarditis responded only to the association of Amphotericin B and Ketoconazole. The second patient had chronic osteoarthritis of the knee due to Phialophora parasitica resistant to medical and surgical treatment after renal transplantation. These two cases are the first and the second known reports of clinical infection with these fungi. The third patient had osteoarthritis of the patella complicating a skin infection by a thorn prick. This was cured by surgical excision and 3 months' medical treatment. These cases of infections osteoarthritis of the knee followed subcutaneous abscesses. Deep tissue infections with dematiaceous fungi with osteoarthritic involvement are very rare (6 cases of Drechslera and 8 cases of Phialophora have been reported). These fungi are opportunist saprophytes of plants in subtropical regions. They are characterised on culture by their brown and black pigmentation and microscopy shows septated filaments. Cutaneous effraction is the usual portal of entry in man; patients commonly have depression of their immune systems. Osteoarthritis is generally due to local extension of a subcutaneous abscess. The functional sequellae can be very serious. Treatment comprises surgical excision of the infected tissues with antifungal drugs which may have to be given in association.
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PMID:[Osteoarthritis caused by dematiaceous fungi. Apropos of 3 cases]. 406 37

Penicillin G administered parenterally or penicillin V administered orally are currently the antibiotics of choice for treatment of dental infections of usual etiology. Infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci or those involving gram-negative bacteria should be treated with a penicillinase-resistant penicillin or an ampicillin-like derivative, respectively. Erythromycin is a second-choice bacteriostatic antibiotic, becoming first choice for treating dental infections in patients allergic to penicillin. The cephalosporins, similar in action to ampicillin-like penicillin derivatives, may be used with caution in patients who have exhibited delayed-type allergic reactions to penicillin and when erythromycin cannot be used. Their lack of advantage over other agents, and their cost, precludes routine use for usual dental infections. Clindamycin administered orally or lincomycin administered parenterally are reserve antibiotics indicated for treatment of bone infections and/or anaerobic infections refractory to commonly used antibiotics. Tetracyclines are, at best, third-choice agents for usual dental infections. However, they are useful for cases of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis requiring systemic antibiotic therapy when penicillin is precluded. Vancomycin and streptomycin are used prophylactically for prevention of infective endocarditis in patients with prosthetic heart valves. Nystatin remains a first-choice agent for treatment of oral candidal infections. Ketoconazole, an orally active systemic antifungal agent, may be used for monilial infections of the oral cavity refractory to nystatin. Chemotherapy of viral infections is difficult because of the timing of events of the disease process versus appearance of clinical symptoms and lack of effective agents with selective toxicity. Herpes infections of the oral cavity have been treated--with limited success--with idoxuridine. Acyclovir, a newer antiviral drug, offers little clinical benefit for herpes infections in usually healthy patients but may be of value for treating such infections in immunocompromised patients. All antimicrobial agents may cause adverse reactions of varying degrees of severity. Most orally administered antibiotics may cause gastrointestinal disturbances. Superinfections occur with broad-spectrum antibiotics and a severe form of superinfection, antibiotic-associated colitis, has occurred with almost all antibiotics. Allergic reactions of all degrees of severity can occur with most antibiotics. The penicillins, followed by the cephalosporins and tetracyclines, are most frequently implicated in these reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Use of antibiotics in dental practice. 658 79