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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Following cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation three children became ill with a postperfusion syndrome. Besides typical clinical and haematological findings (fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphomonocytosis with "atypical" lymphocytes) demonstration of characteristic antibody sequential titres (IgG and IgM antibodies against cytomegalovirus) was possible. The importance of this syndrome rests in the problems of differential diagnosis which occur at the beginning of clinical symptoms (differentiation from endocarditis, septicaemia, hepatitis).
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PMID:[Post-perfusion syndrome in childhood (author's transl)]. 18 21

Two cases of disseminated histoplasmosis caused by H. capsulatum in Nigerian children are reported. This is a rare infection in this part of the world. The main clinical features were fever, weight loss, lassitude, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and severe anaemia, features indistinguishable from those of tuberculosis, Hodgkins and other reticuloses. Recognition of this infection in this environment is possible if it is considered in the differential diagnosis of pyrexia of undetermined origin and appropriate laboratory tests carried out on suitable specimens such as bone marrow, splenic aspirate or biopsy material. Treatment of choice is amphotericin B given intravenously, starting with 0-25 mg/kg. and increasing slowly to 1 mg/kg. Other useful drugs are Septrin and rifampicin which can be given concurrently. Subcutaneous abscesses and multiple bone lesions occurred in both our cases presumably as a result of blood stream infection, or embolisation from endocarditis.
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PMID:Disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum in two Nigerian children. 122 26

A 53-year-old man presented with nonspecific symptoms, evidence of aortic valve regurgitation and hepatosplenomegaly. Blood cultures grew Cardiobacterium hominis after 14 days of incubation. Endocarditis is caused by fastidious organisms such as C hominis in less than 5% of cases. To date approximately 40 cases of endocarditis due to this pleomorphic facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus have been reported. C hominis is part of the normal human mouth flora.
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PMID:Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis. 227 2

Corynebacterium sp. are found as normal flora in skin and mucosal sites. They have been isolated in empyemas, brain abscesses, blood cultures and ventricular shunts. About 9-10% of early-onset and 4-5% late-onset prosthetic valve endocarditis are due to different species of the so-called "diphteroids". A 30 year-old white female was admitted after 30 days with fever of undetermined origin. A mitral prosthesis had been fitted in 1977. On physical examination a protomesosystolic mitral murmur, petechiae, retinal hemorrhages and hepatosplenomegaly were detected. Laboratory tests showed 37% hematocrit, 14,800/mm3 white blood cells, 78 mm ESR, urinary sediment: less than 30/h.p.f. red blood cells. A new first-degree A-V block was detected. Blood cultures were negative. Due to persistent fever, progressive anemia, leukocytosis and new vegetations on echocardiogram, surgery was performed. A mitral valve ring abscess was found. Corynebacterium xerosis was isolated from surgical specimens. The strain was found susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, cephalotin, cefoxitin, cefoperazone, rifampin, gentamicin, amikacin, and norfloxacin. Studies with clindamycin, disclosed MIC and MBC = 0.25 mg/l. The patient received 1800 mg/day clindamycin for 4 weeks. Serum cidal studies showed a peak concentration 1/128 and a titre of trough 1/4. Negative control blood cultures were obtained. She has remained well for nine months after treatment. Corynebacterium sp. can cause "apparently" negative blood cultures. Blood samples should be incubated for more than 15 days before they can be considered negative. Almost 50% of previously described cases have been detected during the six months after cardiac surgery. Mortality has been high (48%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Endocarditis due to Corynebacterium xerosis]. 263 Aug 75

Streptobacillus moniliformis is an uncommon human pathogen contracted from exposure to rodents. It usually produces a mild, protracted illness (rat-bite fever, Haverhill fever, erythema arthriticum epidemicum) that has either a favorable response to antibiotic therapy or spontaneously resolves. This report describes a fatal case of Streptobacillus moniliformis in an infant bitten by a wild rat. The autopsy findings included an interstitial pneumonia, fibrinous endocarditis, mild mononuclear meningitis, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, erythrophagocytosis, and sinusoidal mononuclear cell infiltrates in regional lymph nodes and the liver. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the autopsy pathology findings of this agent.
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PMID:Fatal Streptobacillus moniliformis infection in a two-month-old infant. 271 62

CT examination of a 53-year-old patient with endocarditis and clinical signs of hepatosplenomegaly revealed an atypical vascular morphology in the hilum of the spleen, for which no diagnosis could be established. Angiography indicated the presence of a symptom-free splenoportal fistula, the histological study of which suggested its congenital genesis. The paper describes the morphology, as ascertained by CT, of the splenic vessels characterised by changed haemodynamics due to a hilar splenoportal fistula.
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PMID:[CT morphology of the splenic vessels in splenoportal fistula]. 381 52

We report on a 48 years old patient with chronic eosinophilic leukemia. The diagnosis is based on changes of the blood picture with leukocytosis, deviation to the left to promyelocytes and sometimes normoblasts in the differential smear in with eosinophilia of up to 90%. A hepatosplenomegaly with an extensive extramedullary blood formation could be observed. Endocarditis parietalis fibroplastica was found on autopsy. The problem whether the organ changes observed are due to the eosinophilia existing for more than two years is discussed.
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PMID:[Hypereosinophilic syndrome. Case report of the differential diagnosis of eosinophilic leukemia]. 618 63

Infectious aneurysm is a rare event, especially after the introduction of antibiotic therapy. However, its early detection is very important for timely treatment with antibiotics and surgical intervention. This pathology may generally be due to mycotic endocarditis or septic embolization, prevailing in the preantibiotic era, and to aortitis, whose incidence is actually increasing, mainly in subjects with preexisting large-vessel atherosclerosis and intimal defects. This clinical entity is usually defined as microbial arteritis and recognizes Salmonella spp as the microorganism most frequently isolated from blood or vascular tissue cultures. The authors present the case of a 56-year-old man with a history of hypertension that some weeks before admission manifested as hyperpyrexia and episodic lumbar pain, associated with hepatosplenomegaly and with a pulsing mass in the periumbilical region. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan documented a voluminous infrarenal aortic aneurysm with a markedly reduced and irregular vessel wall. The patient underwent surgical excision of the aneurysm, during which marked periaortic inflammation phenomena, complete absence of the posterior aortic wall for a length of 5-6 cm, and the exposure of the correspondent vertebral bodies were observed. Histopathologic examination of the aneurysmal tissue showed atheromatous and thrombotic aspects and confirmed strong signs of inflammation. This case may suggest that the occurrence of microbial aortitis, especially from Salmonella spp, should be taken into account in the presence of a septic status associated with back, abdominal, or thoracic pain.
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PMID:Salmonella aortic aneurysm: suggestions for diagnosis and therapy based on personal experience--a case report. 1554 58

Mice fed 1.5 mg ochratoxin A (OTA) per kg body weight and infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense were compared with trypanosome-infected placebo-fed and uninfected OTA-fed controls. Uninfected OTA-fed mice showed fever, lethargy, facial and eyelid oedemas, mild hepatitis and nephritis, and high survival. Infected placebo-fed controls had mean pre-patent period (PPP) of 3.26 days, lethargy, dyspnoea, fever, facial and scrotal oedema, survival of 33-65 days, reduced red cell counts (RCC: 10.96-6.87x106 cells/microl of blood), packed cell volume (PCV: 43.19-26.36%), haemoglobin levels (Hb: 13.37-7.92 g/dL) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 37.96-41.31 fL, hepatosplenomegaly, generalized oedemas, heart congestion, hepatitis and nephritis. Compared to infected placebo-fed controls, infected OTA-fed mice had significantly (P<0.05) shorter mean PPP (2.58 days), reduced survival (6-47 days), more pronounced fever and dyspnoea. The latter had significantly (P<0.05) reduced RCC (10.74-4.56x106 cells/microl of blood), PCV (43.90-20.78%), Hb (13.06-5.74 g/dL), increased MCV (39.10-43.97 fL), severe generalized oedemas, haemorrhages, congestion, hepatic haemosiderosis, hepatitis, nephritis, endocarditis, pericarditis and exclusively, splenic macrophage and giant cell hyperplasia, expanded red pulp and splenic erythrophagocytosis. It was concluded that OTA aggravated the pathogenesis of T. b. rhodesiense infection in mice, and should therefore be taken into consideration during trypanosomosis control programmes.
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PMID:Aggravation of pathogenesis mediated by ochratoxin A in mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. 1915 50

Bartonella henselae (Bh) is the cause of cat-scratch fever. When infection is symptomatic, it typically presents with singular lymphadenitis and fever. Less commonly, the infection can become disseminated and cause endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and micro-abscesses in multiple sites including liver, spleen, eyes, and brain, especially in immunocompromised patients. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (Hlh) is a rare and severe multisystem disorder that may be triggered by infections. In one prior case, Bh, like other infections, has induced Hlh, an immune-mediated disease that can be characterized by septic-like presentation with persistent fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. In an immunocompromised transplant recipient, the onset of Hlh can be difficult to discern from a severe presentation of Bh. We report a case of criteria-proven secondary Hlh occurring after Bh infection in an 11-yr-old girl who was 13 months post-renal transplant. The patient developed multi-organ failure, and her severe clinical presentation required a thorough evaluation for infectious and non-infectious possibilities including post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder and rejection. Early recognition of Hlh allowed for better directed therapies, leading to recovery of the patient and resolution of both Bh and Hlh.
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PMID:Bartonella henselae infection inducing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a kidney transplant recipient. 2482 73


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