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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We review the major advances that have occurred in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac diseases in children during the last four decades. During this period, most forms of congenital heart disease have become treatable by operation, and diagnosis has become possible through echocardiography alone. Operative mortality has dropped, and long-term follow-up shows excellent results in most patients. The incidence of rheumatic fever has declined, although it has increased recently in several areas of the United States. The occurrence of infective endocarditis and of myopericarditis has remained stable, while the recently described Kawasaki disease can affect the coronary arteries in children and appears to represent a new condition.
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PMID:Forty years of cardiac disease in children. Progress and problems--first of three parts. 194 32

Clinical observations are described in 13 cases of pyomyositis with various cardiovascular complications: (a) pyogenic pericarditis (10 cases) with tamponade in 7 and myopericarditis in 1 case, and (b) acute bacterial endocarditis (3 cases). Blood cultures grew Staphylococcus aureus in all 3 with endocarditis and in 5 of 10 with pericarditis. These complications probably resulted from the bacteraemia which sometimes complicates pyomyositis. Enhanced susceptibility of cardiac muscles to infection in pyomyositis however remains another possibility.
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PMID:Cardiovascular complications of tropical pyomyositis. 343 41

The clinical findings during a major epidemic of Q-fever which affected 415 people in the Val de Bagnes (Valais, Switzerland) in the autumn of 1983 are reported. Q-fever symptoms were evident in 191 cases but inconspicuous or absent in 224 cases. The symptoms most frequently reported were prolonged high fever, headaches, severe exhaustion, loss of appetite, cough and myalgia. Amongst disorders which accompany acute Q-fever, pneumonia and granulomatous hepatitis are very frequent, while myopericarditis and glomerulonephritis are less frequently observed. Endocarditis, a later complication of Q-fever, is a severe illness which more frequently affects patients with underlying valvular lesions. New serological techniques now permit more rapid and more accurate diagnosis of both acute and chronic Q-fever.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects observed during an epidemic of 415 cases of Q fever]. 389 64

Cardiovascular emergencies in oncology patients include all of the usual cardiac problems, as well as complications of cancer and its therapy. Pericardial effusions and tamponade, cardiac masses, and extrinsic compression of the heart and great vessels by tumor masses, or fluid collections may all occur. Certain tumors may secrete mediators that are directly toxic to the heart; for example, catecholamines are secreted by pheochromocytomas and serotonin is secreted by carcinoid tumors. Tumors can also cause arrhythmias due to the mediators they secret or to direct mechanical irritation of the heart or pericardium. Cancer therapy is also associated with cardiac emergencies. Perioperative myocardial ischemia or infarction, as well as arrhythmias, may complicate surgery. Pericardial effusions and tamponade can follow surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. Chemotherapy with anthracyclines, mitoxantrone, and trastuzumab may prompt acute and chronic heart failure. 5-Fluorouracil causes coronary spasm in some patients, leading to angina, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and/or sudden death. Cyclophosphamide, particularly in high doses, may produce acute myopericarditis. Radiation may cause acute pericardial disease and late sequelae such as myocardial infarction, acute valvular insufficiency, or effusive constrictive pericarditis. Endocarditis also occurs in cancer patients in association with vascular access devices and immune compromise. This review will discuss each of these complications of cancer and its therapy.
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PMID:Cardiovascular emergencies in the cancer patient. 1086 14

Salmonella has the ability to adhere to damaged endothelium, predisposing individuals to complications rarely seen with other Gram-negative organisms. Potential complications include endocarditis, infected atheroma or aneurysms, myocarditis and pericarditis. The present report describes two cases of Salmonella enteritidis-associated cardiovascular disease. Patient 1 is a young adult who presented with myopericarditis complicated by recurrent cardiac arrests following return from a tropical climate. This patient was successfully treated with a 14-day course of ciprofloxacin. Patient 2 is an elderly man who developed a pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta complicating S enteritidis bacteremia, and died of this complication. Recognition of potential complications of salmonellosis, especially in individuals with risk factors, is paramount in correctly diagnosing and managing these patients.
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PMID:Cardiovascular complications of Salmonella enteritidis infection. 2093 Nov 2

Varicella (chickenpox), a common childhood infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, is self-limiting and usually benign. Although atypical manifestations of the virus are occasionally seen, it rarely presents with cardiovascular sequelae. Cardiovascular complications of varicella can include pericarditis, myocarditis, or endocarditis. Herein, we report the case of a 17-year-old boy who had varicella infection and severe chest pain. Examination revealed atypical electrocardiographic findings of pericarditis and remarkably elevated cardiac biomarker levels: peak cardiac troponin I, 37.2 ng/mL; total creatine kinase, 1,209 U/L; and creatine kinase-MB fraction, 133.6 ng/mL. After results of coronary angiography reliably excluded ischemia and myocardial infarction, the diagnosis was varicella myopericarditis. The patient was placed on a medical regimen during and after 5 days of hospitalization. In 2 weeks, he was asymptomatic, and at 6 months, he was doing well and had normal electrocardiographic and echocardiographic results.To our knowledge, cardiac enzyme elevations to these levels have not been reported in cases of cardiovascular sequelae of varicella. We discuss the diagnostic challenges of this atypical case and suggest that clinicians be aware that varicella disease is most often, but not always, benign.
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PMID:Varicella myopericarditis mimicking myocardial infarction in a 17-year-old boy. 2172 Apr 75

Loeffler's endocarditis is an acute form of primary restrictive cardiomyopathy. We report the case of a young woman with pleuritic chest pain associated with fever and hypereosinophilia. She was hospitalized with suspected acute myopericarditis and was treated with aspirin, leading to clinical improvement. Ten days after discharge, she was rehospitalized due to recurrence of chest pain. The echocardiogram showed what appeared to be a mass filling the apex of the right ventricle (RV). She was referred for magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed marked myocardial thickening in the apex of the RV. The patient underwent an endomyocardial biopsy, resulting in a diagnosis of eosinophilic endocarditis. After treatment with prednisolone, all symptoms and the eosinophilia disappeared, and there was complete remission of the RV abnormalities. After three years of follow-up, the patient remains asymptomatic. This case shows that, even without an etiologic diagnosis of eosinophilia, the prognosis for Loeffler's endocarditis can be favorable if treatment is initiated early.
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PMID:[Loeffler's endocarditis--a case report]. 2260 5

Cat scratch disease is generally characterized by a self-limited chronic regional lymphadenopathy, but numerous other clinical manifestations involving a variety of organ systems have been reported. Cardiac involvement is unusual and when reported, it has been associated with culture-negative endocarditis in adults. We present the case of an adolescent male with typical cat scratch disease and associated myopericarditis.
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PMID:Acute myopericarditis associated with cat scratch disease in an adolescent. 2473 46

A wide clinical spectrum of bacteremic disease caused by Fusobacterium has been presented in this journal. We wish to extend this spectrum by presenting a case of myopericarditis resulting from a liver abscess caused by F. nucleatum. While F. nucleatum plays an important role in periodontal disease, and has been isolated from skin ulcers, liver abscesses, urinary tract infections, and endocarditis, a single case of F. nucleatum-induced pericarditis is documented in the literature.
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PMID:Myopericarditis associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum-caused liver abscess. 2553 Jan 49

A rapid diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is mandatory for optimal treatment of an acute coronary syndrome. However, a small number of patients with suspected STEMI are afflicted with other medical conditions. These medical conditions are rare, but important clinical entities that should be considered when evaluating a STEMI alert. These conditions include coronary vasospasm, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, coronary arteritis/aneurysm, myopericarditis, Brugada syndrome, left bundle branch block, early repolarization, aortic dissection, infective endocarditis with root abscess, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ventricular aneurysm after transmural myocardial infarction, and hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism with right ventricular strain. Herein, we present several STEMI mimickers.
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PMID:ST-segment Elevation: Myocardial Infarction or Simulacrum? 2814 16


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