Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A historical cohort study was carried out in Rome to examine overall and cause-specific mortality among intravenous drug users (IVDUs). A total of 4200 IVDUs (3411 men and 789 women) enrolled in methadone treatment centers between 1980 and 1988 were studied. There were 239 deaths during the follow-up period. The overall SMR was 10.10 in the entire cohort (95% confidence interval, 8.86-11.47), 9.30 in males and 18.07 in females. A large excess of mortality in both sexes was found for infectious, circulatory, respiratory, and digestive diseases as well as for violence, overdose, AIDS, and unknown or ill-defined causes. Tumors and suicide were excessive only in males. Deaths due to drug overdose, violence or trauma, and cirrhosis accounted for 63.6%, AIDS for 7.1%, endocarditis and other bacterial infections for 7.1%, and neoplasms for 3.8% of total mortality. These findings document serious health consequences of drug abuse in Italy.
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PMID:Mortality of intravenous drug users in Rome: a cohort study. 192 19

From 1984 to 1988, 129 mitral valve reconstructions were done for primary pure mitral regurgitation. Sixty-two (48%) were done for myxomatous degeneration and prolapse of the mitral valve. Anterior leaflet resection was performed in seven patients, posterior leaflet resection in 46, anteroposterior resection in four; five patients received only a ring annuloplasty. Eight patients had coronary bypass grafts. Twenty-four patients received a Carpentier-Edwards annuloplasty ring, 24 a Duran ring, and 14 patients had no ring. Follow-up was 1 to 50 months (mean, 13 months). No patient was lost to follow-up. There was one operative death from gastrointestinal bleeding and two late deaths (one from suicide and one from a myocardial infarction), and the probability of survival at 48 months was 84% +/- 15%. There were no thromboembolic episodes or episodes of endocarditis. However, there were five reoperations (9%) with freedom from reoperation at 48 months of 85% +/- 5%. There was one major anticoagulant hemorrhage. Freedom from all morbidity at 48 months was 81% +/- 8%. Postoperative echocardiographic data in the three different groups of patients undergoing repair on the basis of annuloplasty treatment showed that the peak gradient was less and the valve area was slightly greater with no annuloplasty ring.
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PMID:Mitral valve repair for myxomatous degeneration and prolapse of the mitral valve. 281 29

Tetralogy of Fallot became a correctable malformation on August 31, 1954, and from that data through 1960, 106 patients (ages 4 months-45 years) who underwent open repairs at the University of Minnesota and were discharged, have been followed (99% complete) until death or for 26-31 years (mean: 23.7 years, 2424 patient years). The purposes of this study were to determine survival, morbidity, hemodynamics, educational/employment attainments, and relation of these to surgical technics. Operations were done by cross circulation (6 patients) and bubble oxygenator (100 patients). This group had the first uses of patch ventricular septal defect closure, outflow root, infundibuloplasty, atresia correction, ischemic arrests, and pacemakers among other innovations. Twenty-one (of 105 patients) have died during the followup: eight deaths in the first 10 years, 12 between 10 and 20 years, and 1 greater than 20 years. The causes of death were sudden (5), accidental (4), congestive failure (2), reoperation (2), suicide (2), and other (2). Actuarial survival at 30 years was 77%. Late complications were ten reoperations, five arrhythmias, and one endocarditis. Actuarial freedom from reoperations at 30 years was 91%. Cardiac recatheterizations in 62 patients disclosed only 10 with residual shunts. Peak right ventricular systolic pressures were less than 40 mmHg (34 patients), 41-60 mm (2 patients), 61-70 mm (4 patients), greater than 71 mm (4 patients). Thirty-four patients (32%) completed college, ten of these completed graduate school (5 masters degrees, 2 M.D.'s, 2 Ph.D.'s, 1 lawyer). Fifteen others attended college, and nine received technical school diplomas. Forty patients (18 men, 22 women) had progeny, with 82 (93%) live births and six major cardiac defects (7.3%). In summary, complete repair gave excellent late results in this group cared for very early in the open heart era. Survivors led productive lives without restrictions in education and employment. Many of the deaths/complications that occurred are now easily preventable, which augurs extremely well for this generation.
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PMID:The first open heart corrections of tetralogy of Fallot. A 26-31 year follow-up of 106 patients. 376 82

Death resulted from the delayed onset of the acute respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation with left ventricular mural thrombus formation and nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis approximately five days after an alleged attempted suicide by the ingestion of ten to twelve prolonged-action Ru-Tuss tablets. Although these lesions are thought to be similar in pathogenesis, this combination has not been previously reported in association with a drug overdose. The delay in onset is also of interest because of its clinical implications.
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PMID:Delayed fatal outcome after possible Ru-Tuss overdose. 610 86

Three hundred eighty-seven pregnancies (295 patients) complicated by maternal heart disease, managed at the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, during the years 1969 to 1978, were reviewed. The incidence was 0.5%. Three hundred twenty-three (83.5%) were of rheumatic origin, 52 (13.4%) were congenital, and the remaining 12 (3.1%) were a miscellaneous group and included cases of cor pulmonale and coronary artery disease. There were two maternal deaths--one from congenital heart disease and one from postpartum suicide, unrelated to mild rheumatic heart disease. The perinatal mortality rate was 3.3%. Five pregnancies (three patients) were complicated by surgically uncorrected cyanotic congenital heart disease. One of the maternal deaths and three of the perinatal deaths occurred in this group. There were 38 episodes of cardiac failure (38 patients) in cases of rheumatic heart disease. The New York Heart Association grading was grade 1 in 15 (39%) of these before the onset of failure. Prophylactic antibiotics were not used and infective endocarditis did not occur. Therapeutic abortion was not practiced and a conservative approach was adopted in obstetric intervention and in all drug therapy.
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PMID:Pregnancy complicated by maternal heart disease at the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, 1969 to 1978. 745 8

We reviewed our experience with minimally invasive direct-access mitral valve surgery in 207 patients through February 1999. Three patients underwent associated procedures, a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with right internal mammary artery to right carotid artery (RIMA-RCA), a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) debridement for endocarditis, and a primum atrial septal defect (ASD) repair, and were excluded from analysis. Of the 204 remaining patients, 120 (59%) patients were men, aged 58.7 +/- 13.2 years, functional class of 2.3 +/- 0.5. The cause was myxomatous in 162 (79%) patients, rheumatic in 28 (14%) patients, endocarditis in 8 (4%) patients, congenital in 3 (2%) patients, and ischemic in 3 (2%) patients. Mean preoperative EF was 60% +/- 10%, with 184 (90%) patients showing ejection fraction (EF) greater than 50%. The valve was approached through a 5- to 8-cm right parasternal (n = 180, 88%) or right inframammary (n = 24, 12%) incision. One hundred nineteen (58%) patients had open femoral artery-femoral vein cannulation, and 85 (42%) patients had direct cannulation of the aorta and percutaneous cannulation of the femoral vein. One hundred seventy (83%) patients underwent successful valve repair, and 34 (17%) patients required valve replacement. The mean duration of aortic clamping and cardiopulmonary were, respectively, 100 +/- 34 and 146 +/- 44 minutes. There were 2 (1%) surgical deaths. Nonfatal perioperative complications included 3 (1.5%) ascending aortic complications, 3 (1.5%) reoperations for bleeding, 4 (2%) strokes, 2 (1%) transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), 2 (1%) myocardial infarctions, 3 (1.5%) pericardial effusions requiring drainage, 9 (4.5%) vascular complications, and 3 (1.5%) wound complications. Mean length of stay (LOS) was 6.1 +/- 3 days, with 63 (31%) patients being discharged in less than 5 days. One hundred twenty-nine (63%) patients did not require blood transfusions. Follow-up was complete in 165 (81%) patients, with mean follow-up of 13.2 +/- 8 months. Late complications included 1 (0.5%) myocardial infarction, 3 (1.5%) reoperations, all converting repairs to replacements, 3 (1.5%) wound hernias requiring reoperation and repair with mesh, 5 (2.5%) thromboembolic events, and 3 (1.5%) deaths of suicide, pneumonia, and sudden death, respectively. Mean follow-up New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was 1.2 +/- 0.5. We conclude that minimally invasive direct-access mitral valve surgery is safe, effective, and applicable for most patients presenting for isolated mitral valve surgery. We now consider it the standard of care for selected patients.
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PMID:Minimally invasive direct access mitral valve surgery. 1045 Dec 52

The presence of mutilations in the form of tattooing and body piercing is becoming increasingly common in adolescents, a practice that is not free of risk. Reported complications include local infections, bleeding, tearing, hypersensitivity reactions, transfusion-transmitted diseases (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV, syphilis), Chagas' disease and infective endocarditis. On the other hand, several studies have demonstrated an association between body modifications and high-risk behavior in adolescents, as alcohol or drug abuse, cigarette smoking, violence and schooling problems. There is also an association with depression, suicide, eating disorders and other psychophysiologic disorders. This is a review of body modifications in adolescents, emphasizing in the risks, complications and motivations of this practice.
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PMID:[Tattooing and piercing in teenagers]. 1718 6