Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening situation that rarely complicates pregnancy. Presented is a case of massive hemoptysis during pregnancy, which was successfully diagnosed and treated with bronchial artery angiogram and embolization. A 26-year-old multigravida at 19 weeks' gestational age with a history of intravenous substance abuse and infective endocarditis presented with hemoptysis. Extensive workup, including bronchoscopy, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance pulmonary angiography were negative. The patient left the hospital against medical advice to return 4 weeks later with massive hemoptysis. Bronchial arteriography revealed multiple areas of potential bleeding in the right and left lower lobes. Bilateral bronchial artery embolization was performed. The patient carried the pregnancy to term with no further episodes of hemoptysis. Hemoptysis during pregnancy requires a thorough workup and prompt treatment if the etiology is diagnosed. When faced with massive hemoptysis, the obstetrician should strongly consider bronchial artery angiography and embolization.
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PMID:Massive hemoptysis in pregnancy treated with bronchial artery embolization. 925 97

Prison populations throughout the Unites States are growing; the 1990s saw an average 6.5% per year increase. Average inmate age is increasing, as are both the number and rate of inmate deaths. Aging inmates experience health concerns typical of the general, free, aging population. Inmates have higher incidence of health complications associated with various circumstances, risk behaviors, and associated medical conditions. These circumstances include prison violence, incarceration-related constraints on exercise, and diet. Inmates are more likely to have a history of alcohol abuse, substance abuse or addiction and sex industry work. Risk-behavior conditions include human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), hepatitis B and C, liver disease, tuberculosis, endocarditis, and cardiomyopathy. Hospice is increasingly the preferred response to the health and care needs of terminally ill inmates. Implementing hospice behind bars has some unique challenges in addition to those inherent in hospice work. This series will provide an in-depth look at four hospice programs for inmates in the United States.
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PMID:Hospice care for the incarcerated in the United States: an introduction. 1224 79

This study investigated causes and manner of drug-related fatalities recorded in 2000 in the United Kingdom, measuring the 'masked' manner of death in cases typically recorded as overdose. A retrospective cohort study was used of 1037 cases of accidental drug-related fatalities reported by coroners in England and Wales to the National Programme of Substance Abuse Deaths. Whilst 802 cases were identified as direct acute overdose, representing 77% of the total accidental deaths, 23% of 'overdose' fatalities were caused by asphyxiation (7%), drug-related medical conditions (7%), non-drug-related conditions (4%), traumatic accidents (3%) and infections (2%). Younger people show higher risk of overdose and asphyxiation; older people show higher risk from pre-existing medical conditions. This study not only confirmed the high risk of overdose associated with heroin and polydrug use, but it also identified other high fatality risk factors for heroin/morphine users such as contracting an acute infection leading to septicaemia or endocarditis, or contracting a chronic infection such as HIV, HBV or HCV. In contrast, stimulants particularly featured in traumatic accidents, with amphetamine use most associated with cardio-vascular fatality. These findings highlight the 'masked' manner of death in cases commonly recorded as overdose and demonstrate the need for a more-detailed and systematic method of recording drug-related deaths in order to inform drug education and harm reduction strategies.
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PMID:Cause and manner of death in drug-related fatality: an analysis of drug-related deaths recorded by coroners in England and Wales in 2000. 1456 44

A 51-year-old male was referred to the Stratton Veterans Affairs Medical Center Pain Service after hospital admission for endocarditis with a history of heroin use and chronic low back pain. During his hospital stay he experienced a reduction in his serum morphine level ostensibly as a result of concomitant rifampin administration. We hypothesize that diminished absorption was from rifampin-mediated intestinal P-glycoprotein induction, ultimately decreasing serum free morphine and metabolites. The case became more complex in an attempt to balance managed pain, history of substance abuse, completion of antibiotic therapy, and a reasonable pain regimen upon discharge. Ultimately, the patient was titrated onto a buprenorphine transdermal patch, the initiation of which was based on serum free morphine and an extrapolated oral morphine dose by calculation.
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PMID:Rifampin reduces oral morphine absorption: a case of transdermal buprenorphine selection based on morphine pharmacokinetics. 2321 74

Traditionally, tricuspid valve endocarditis is uncommon in the Middle East region. However, recent global data indicate growing trends in the use of illicit drug abuse, specifically injectable heroin, in the Middle East Gulf region. The presence of many transit port services in the Middle East Gulf States has led to smuggling of substance abuse drugs in the region. The Middle East Gulf States, currently a transit market, are also becoming a growing consumer market in view of the increased substance abuse in the youth. However, there is a paucity of data with respect to the prevalence or incidence of tricuspid valve endocarditis in the region, probably due to underdiagnosis or underreporting. A high index of suspicion of tricuspid valve endocarditis is essential in patients with a history of intravenous drug abuse. This article reviews the epidemiology of illicit drug abuse in the Middle East Gulf region, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of tricuspid valve endocarditis, and calls for all physicians in the region to be vigilant while dealing with intravenous drug abuse.
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PMID:Intravenous drug abuse and tricuspid valve endocarditis: Growing trends in the Middle East Gulf region. 2482 28