Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0014118 (
endocarditis
)
15,629
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Thrombosis is a common complication of malignancy. This is felt to be related to increased activity of the coagulation system as evidenced by markers of accelerated thrombin generation and increased platelet reactivity. Alterations in the hemostatic balance have been documented in patients with malignancy with increased tissue factor (TF) generation and the production of a
cysteine protease
. These can stimulate the coagulation mechanism via the extrinsic pathway and/or by activating factor X. The thrombotic presentations in malignancy are protean and may be venous or arterial. The underlying clinical pictures may be related to varying degrees of consumptive coagulopathy, microangiopathy, and nonbacterial
endocarditis
. Prophylaxis and management are, to a significant degree, dependent on the underlying malignancy and the prothrombotic mechanism. Specific agents and drugs must be selected from an expanding menu of options that includes unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), warfarin, plasma apheresis, and the newer antithrombin agents.
...
PMID:Thrombosis and cancer. 1086 23
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) causes meningitis, arthritis and
endocarditis
in piglets. The aim of this study was to characterize the IgM degrading enzyme of S. suis (Ide
Ssuis
) and to investigate the role of IgM cleavage in evasion of the classical complement pathway and pathogenesis. Targeted mutagenesis of a cysteine in the putative active center of Ide
Ssuis
abrogated IgM cleavage completely. In contrast to wt rIde
Ssuis
, point mutated rIde
Ssuis
_C195S did not reduce complement-mediated hemolysis indicating that complement inhibition by rIde
Ssuis
depends on the IgM proteolytic activity. A S. suis mutant expressing Ide
Ssuis
_C195S did not reduce IgM labeling, whereas the wt and complemented mutant showed less IgM F(ab')2 and IgM Fc antigen on the surface. IgM cleavage increased survival of S. suis in porcine blood ex vivo and mediated complement evasion as demonstrated by blood survival and C3 deposition assays including the comparative addition of rIde
Ssuis
and rIde
Ssuis
_C195S. However, experimental infection of piglets disclosed no significant differences in virulence between S. suis wt and isogenic mutants without IgM cleavage activity. This work revealed for the first time in vivo labeling of S. suis with IgM in the cerebrospinal fluid of piglets with meningitis. In conclusion, this study classifies Ide
Ssuis
as a
cysteine protease
and emphasizes the role of IgM cleavage for bacterial survival in porcine blood and complement evasion though IgM cleavage is not crucial for the pathogenesis of serotype 2 meningitis.
...
PMID:IgM cleavage by Streptococcus suis reduces IgM bound to the bacterial surface and is a novel complement evasion mechanism. 3000 Nov 74
