Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The pathogenesis of nonrheumatic calcification of the mitral valve was investigated by analyzing the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with mitral valvular calcification without any findings suggestive of rheumatic heart disease or infective endocarditis. Calcification of the mitral valve was observed in nine patients, who all had calcified stenotic (aortic valve area < 1 cm2) bicuspid aortic valve. Calcification of the mitral valve was localized to the basal portion of ventricular aspect of the anterior mitral leaflet and contiguous to that of the aortic valve. Mobility and thickness of the mitral leaflet was normal except for the calcified portion. Calcification of the mitral valve was not contiguous to posterior mitral annular calcification nor was related to direction of aortic regurgitant flow. In patients with calcified stenotic bicuspid aortic valve, calcification of the mitral valve was not associated with location of the two aortic cusps, aortic valve area, aortic valvular peak pressure gradient, direction of the left ventricular outflow, end-diastolic left ventricular outflow tract dimension, end-diastolic dimension of the aortic annulus, incidence of aortic regurgitation, calcification of the aortic arch, or risk factors of atherosclerosis. Six patients with mitral valvular calcification had aortic valve replacement. Preoperative coronary angiogram of these patients was normal. Calcification of the aortic valve was on the ventricular and aortic aspects. The calcification of the aortic valve, anterior mitral ring, or anterior mitral leaflet was not rheumatic in these six patients. Rheumatic disease, risk factors of atherosclerosis, mechanical stress by left ventricular outflow or aortic regurgitant flow, or mitral annular calcification did not appear to be related to mitral valvular calcification. The distribution of aortic and mitral valvular calcification suggested that the calcification of the mitral valve was due to progression of calcification of the bicuspid aortic valve.
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PMID:[Nonrheumatic calcification of the mitral valve in patients with stenotic calcified bicuspid aortic valve]. 893 38

Underlying pathologic disorders of infected valves were analyzed in 36 consecutive patients with infective endocarditis (from April 1987 to May 1995) of 18 aortic, 11 mitral and 8 prosthetic valves. Among 29 cases of native valve endocarditis, 27 had known organic changes [aortic valve prolapse 8, bicuspid aortic valve 4, annuloaortic ectasia 1, mitral valve prolapse 9 (including 2 cases associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), looping chordae 1, rheumatic heart disease 4]. However, the remaining two cases had unknown etiology. Histological examination of these two aortic valves revealed proliferation of small vessels and remnants of vascular smooth muscle cells, suggesting postinflammatory valve prolapse. Five cases with definite pathology had no clinical signs of infection. The preponderance of surgically resected valves with infective endocarditis in Japan is non-rheumatic in origin.
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PMID:[Surgical pathology of infective endocarditis]. 906 24

We successfully performed DVR with aortic annular reconstruction by Nick's procedure for a case of active infective endocarditis (IE) with perianular abscess. The patient was 26-year-old woman, who suffered from acute AR and MR due to active IE. At operation, a bicuspid aortic valve was noted with scattered vegetations. The periannular abscess extended from the aortic annulus to the anterior mitral leaflet on which there was a leaflet aneurysm. The complete debridement of infected lesions resulted in the defect of aortic annulus at the area of the aorto-mitral fibrous continuity. We reconstructed the aortic annulus by the equine pericardial patch and performed DVR, followed by the reconstruction of the aortic root by Nicks's procedure. After the operation the antibiotics had been administrated to the patient until CRP became completely negative. The patient was discharged from our hospital at 59 POD with no evidence of recurrence of IE. In such cases, we acknowledge the importance of as much complete debridement of infected lesions as possible and regard Nicks's procedure useful as one of the options for reconstruction of aortic root after debridement.
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PMID:[A case of DVR with Nicks's procedure for active infective endocarditis with periannular abscess]. 907 Nov 39

Q fever is caused by the rickettsia Coxiella burnetti, an obligate intracellular bacterium acquired by inhalation of infected dust from subclinically infected animals. Q fever may be acute or chronic; the chronic form mostly presents as endocarditis. Immunocompromised states and underlying heart disease are the most important risk factors. Usually the symptoms of Q fever endocarditis are nonspecific and diagnosis is often established very late. New criteria for diagnosis include a single blood culture positive for Coxiella burnetti, positive Q fever serology and characteristic echocardiographic studies. We describe a 49-year-old man with bicuspid aortic valve admitted with fever, weight loss and a new heart murmur. The diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis was established by positive Q fever serology, and an echocardiogram showing vegetations and valvular dysfunction. This case suggests that Q fever endocarditis should be considered in patients with "sterile" endocarditis.
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PMID:[Q fever endocarditis and bicuspid aortic valve]. 941 57

From March 1982 to June 1989, 42 valve replacements were performed in 41 consecutive elderly patients (age 60 years and older, mean age 76.0 years). Main etiology of their diseases is calcific AS 7 (4: bicuspid valve), degenerative AR 4, rheumatic AS/AR 5, AAE 2, MR due to MVP or chordal rupture 13, rheumatic MS/MR 13. Operative methods are AVR 14, MVR 22, DVR 6. Cumulative follow-up was 99.2 patient-years (mean 30.5 months). Operative deaths were 2 cases (4.8%) due to left ventricular ruptures after MVR. There were 4 late deaths (9.5%). Actuarial survival rate at 7 years was an overall of 70 +/- 12%. Most common early postoperative complication was AV conduction disturbances. Continuous III degrees AV Block 1, transient III degrees AVB 3 and transient II degrees AVB 1 occurred in 7 calcified AS cases with calcific deposition to the attachment of anterior half of the noncoronary cusp. Valve related late complications were thromboembolism (7%/patient-year) and prosthetic valve endocarditis (3%/patient-year). Actuarial incidence of event free survival among hospital survivors at 7 years was 55 +/- 11%. It is our belief that surgical treatment for elders should be rather positively done when medical therapy has not met desired effects, under well evaluation of senile weakness for each case.
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PMID:[A study of valve replacement in the elderly]. 942 63

Three hundred and seventy four aortic valves which had been surgically removed over the past five years were studied by routine histology. Most patients were male and over the age of 60 years. There were 3.7% bicuspid valves, 16% valves with evidence of past rheumatic fever and 2.1% with endocarditis. A range of pathological lesions was seen including calcification, chondroid and osseous metaplasia, neovascularization, inflammation and cholesterol deposition. A common lesion was a progressive dystrophic calcification of the valve cusps. This was studied and graded in relationship to the concomitant structural damage. There has been no previously published grading system for this type of pathological change in the aortic valve. Our criteria for the four grades of aortic valve lesion are described. Most patients were found to have lesions of Grades 3 and 4.
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PMID:Calcification of the aortic valve: its progression and grading. 942 15

Twenty-four adults (average age 28 years) patients with congenital heart disease were examined; infective endocarditis was diagnosed in all of them by Duke criteria and was confirmed in 18 by surgery and/or pathology. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A was made up of 13 patients with left ventricular outflow obstruction, including ten with bicuspid aorta. Group B was made up of 11 patients with shunts (PDA or VSD), either isolated or associated with other abnormalities. The principal alterations associated with the infectious processes were trauma to the endocardium or vascular endothelium from accelerated turbulent flow (jet lesion) and valvular deformities. The principally transesophageal echocardiographic recordings showed infective vegetations on the four cardiac valves, mural endocarditis in both ventricles and right atrium, perivalvular abscesses and fistulae. The echocardiographic information aided in selecting the type of treatment in this group of patients with high intrahospital mortality (25%).
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PMID:[Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in the study of adults with congenital cardiopathy and infectious endocarditis]. 981 Mar 66

A case of pneumonia associated with pneumococcal endocarditis of bicuspid aortic valve complicated by pneumococcal meningitis and panophthalmitis successfully treated by antibiotics and late valve replacement was described.
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PMID:[Pneumonia and panophthalmitis as first signs of pneumococcal endocarditis]. 985 55

Bacillus popilliae, a fastidious, aerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming bacillus, has never been reported as a pathogen in human infectious diseases. We report the first case of a human infected by the pathogen B. popilliae, which presented as endocarditis involving the bicuspid aortic valve and complicated with prolonged (> 30 days; to our knowledge, the longest in the literature) complete heart block. Although surgery may be warranted by previous reports, the patient was successfully managed by medical treatment instead, because of the absence of evidence from various approaches that support the existence of perivalvular extension of infection.
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PMID:Bacillus popilliae endocarditis with prolonged complete heart block. 1021 Mar 64

Cardiac anomalies are usually diagnosed early in life, which is particularly true for their various combinations. The diagnosis in adulthood is rare. Here we report the case of a young man with an aortic coarctation corrected at the age of 16, however the associated stenotic bicuspid aortic valve and cor triatriatum sinistrum were corrected after Streptococcus viridans endocarditis 7 years later.
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PMID:Cor triatriatum sinistrum, aortic coarctation and bicuspid aortic stenosis in an adult. 1036 51


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