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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bordetella holmesii is a slow-growing, Gram-negative, non-oxidizing bacillus with colonies that produce a brown soluble pigment and was originally described by Weyant et al. (1995) as CDC nonoxidizer group 2 (NO-2). It has recently been shown that B. holmesii may be isolated from nasopharyngeal specimens of up to 20% of patients with pertussis-like symptoms. However, invasive B. holmesii has rarely been reported and in the vast majority of cases the patients were immune deficient, mostly as a result of splenectomy or functional asplenia. Clinical presentations have included endocarditis, pneumonia, cellulitis, suppurative arthritis, pyelonephritis and septicaemia but no previous reports have documented meningitis secondary to this organism. Here we report what we believe to be the first clinical description of an adult with B. holmesii meningitis and bacteraemia with a brief review of published cases.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii meningitis in an asplenic patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 2255 29

We present a rare case of endocarditis in a 33-year-old woman with a splenectomy. The patient presented with meningeal symptoms and was diagnosed with endocarditis on the medical admissions unit using a portable echocardiography machine. Bordetella holmesii was cultured from the blood on admission and the patient underwent subsequent aortic valve replacement. We discuss the importance of echo skills within the specialty of acute medicine and the benefits of swift senior review at the front door. We emphasise the guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis for the post-splenectomy patient as well as discuss the pathogen B holmesii and its growing association of septicaemia in asplenic individuals.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii: a rare cause of bacterial endocarditis in a post-splenectomy patient. 2273 32

Bordetella holmesii is a gram-negative rod that was initially identified in 1995. It causes bacteremia, pneumonia, and endocarditis mostly in patients with anatomical or functional asplenia. We report here, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of B. holmesii bacteremia in a renal transplant recipient following rituximab therapy for recurrence of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii bacteremia in a renal transplant recipient: emergence of a new pathogen. 2299 23

The case of a 52-year-old female patient with a history of critical aortic stenosis, hypothyroidism and splenectomy as treatment for her Hodgkin's lymphoma is herein presented. In April 2011, the patient was admitted to the cardiology service due to global heart failure, fever and poor response to diuretic and vasodilator therapy. A transesophageal echocardiogram showed images compatible with vegetations in the aortic, pulmonary, and mitral valves. A diagnosis of infective endocarditis was made. Growth of gram-negative coccobacilli was observed in two blood culture sets. The microorganism was finally identified as Bordetella holmesii. The patient was treated with ceftriaxone 1 g every 12 hours for 28 days with favorable outcome.
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PMID:[Bordetella holmesii endocarditis in an asplenic patient]. 2387 69

The second case of Bordetella holmesii endocarditis in a pediatric patient is presented. This patient had a prosthetic mitral valve and asplenia. He was successfully treated with 6 weeks of intravenous meropenem. We review all 9 other reported cases of endocarditis and summarize treatment and outcome. Five were immunocompromised and 6 had predisposing cardiac conditions.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii endocarditis: case report and review of literature. 2446 8

Bordetella holmesii, first described in 1995, is believed to cause both invasive infections (bacteraemia, meningitis, endocarditis, pericarditis, pneumonia, and arthritis) and pertussis-like symptoms. Infection with B holmesii is frequently misidentified as being with B pertussis, the cause of whooping cough, because routine diagnostic tests for pertussis are not species-specific. In this Review, we summarise knowledge about B holmesii diagnosis and treatment, and assess research needs. Although no fatal cases of B holmesii have been reported, associated invasive infections can cause substantial morbidities, even in previously healthy individuals. Antimicrobial treatment can be problematic because B holmesii's susceptibility to macrolides (used empirically to treat B pertussis) and third-generation cephalosporins (often used to treat invasive infections) is lower than would be expected. B holmesii's adaptation to human beings is continuing, and virulence might increase, causing the need for better diagnostic assays and epidemiological surveillance.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii: an under-recognised Bordetella species. 2472 Dec 29

Bordetella holmesii is a recently recognized Gram-negative bacterium causing both pertussis-like respiratory symptoms and invasive infections, such as bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, arthritis, pericarditis and endocarditis. Few data are available on its epidemiological characteristics, mostly related to respiratory infections. However, these are frequently misdiagnosed as a Bordetella pertussis infection as most diagnostic tests routinely used are not species-specific, thus biasing the epidemiological studies of both strains, as well as the efficacy studies on pertussis vaccination. There is no accepted agreement on treatment and it remains unknown if antimicrobial prophylaxis is indicated in certain clinical settings. We review here the current knowledge on B. holmesii and the need for further research.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii infection: current knowledge and a vision for future research. 2606 96

Since the first description of Bordetella holmesii in 1995, almost 100 publications have contributed to the increasing knowledge of this emerging bacterium. Although first reported to induce bacteremia mainly in immunocompromised patients, it has also been isolated in healthy persons and has shown the capacity to induce pertussis-like symptoms and other clinical entities, such as meningitis, arthritis, or endocarditis. Respiratory diseases are generally less severe than those induced by Bordetella pertussis. However, B. holmesii was found to have a higher capacity of invasiveness given the various infection sites in which it was isolated. The diagnosis is difficult, particularly as it is a slow-growing organism but also because respiratory infections are systematically misdiagnosed as B. pertussis. Treatment is delicate, as its susceptibility to macrolides (prescribed in respiratory infections) and ceftriaxone (used in invasive disease) is challenged. Regarding prevention, there is no consensus on prophylactic treatment following index cases and no vaccine is available. Epidemiological data are also sparse, with few prevalence studies available. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on B. holmesii.
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PMID:Bordetella holmesii: Still Emerging and Elusive 20 Years On. 2722 92

Bordetella hinzii's route of transmission to human hosts and its pathogenicity remain unclear. Only a few cases have established this species as an opportunistic zoonotic disease. We introduce the first reported case of native aortic valve endocarditis presenting with fulminant aortic valve insufficiency that responded to conventional medical and surgical treatment. The patient did not have predisposing factors to this unusual infection. This case may provide a better understanding of the disease process, transmission, and pathogenicity of Bordetella hinzii.
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PMID:Bordetella hinzii: An Unexpected Pathogen in Native Valve Endocarditis. 3167 29


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