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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty out of 287 patients (10.4%) admitted to hospital for infective endocarditis between December 1970 and January 1990 had neurological complications. Twenty-three patients had native valve infectious endocarditis and 7 had prosthetic valve endocarditis. The clinical features were characterized by the frequency of aortic valve involvement (23 out of 30) and other complications, especially cardiac failure (16 cases) and peripheral vascular manifestations (7 cases). The commonest organism was the staphylococcus (53% of identified organisms) but the number of negative blood cultures was high (50% of cases). The neurological complication was often the presenting symptom of the endocarditis (19 cases) but it occurred after bacteriological cure in 4 cases. The complications observed were cerebral ischemia (16 cases), cerebral haemorrhage (11 cases), coma (2 cases), and one peripheral neuropathy causing a Claude Bernard Horner syndrome. These complications presented with hemiplegia in 17 cases, a meningeal syndrome in 8 cases, a convulsion in 1 case, a Von Wallenberg syndrome in 1 case, and a Claude Bernard Horner syndrome in 1 case. Twelve patients had a transient or permanent neurological coma. Cerebral CT scan showed ischemic lesions in 7 cases and haemorrhagic lesions in 10 cases. Carotid angiography demonstrated mycotic aneurysms in 6 patients. Twelve patients died: the cause of death was neurological coma (7 cases), low cardiac output (4 cases) and haemorrhagic shock (1 case). Four patients underwent neurosurgery: 3 for clipping a mycotic aneurysm and 1 for drainage of an intracerebral haematoma. Poor prognostic factors were: coma, cardiac failure, cardiac valve prosthesis and, above all, the extent and multiplicity of the neurological lesions. The authors propose the following measures to improve the prognosis: early surgery in cases of large and/or mobile vegetations especially when the infecting organism is a staphylococcus and when a systemic embolism has occurred; routine CT scanning and/or digitised cerebral angiography in all patients with infective endocarditis to detect surgically accessible mycotic aneurysms.
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PMID:[Neurologic manifestations of infectious endocarditis]. 201 89

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of vertigo and repeated vomiting, which suddenly occurred 25 hours before admission. Neurologic examination revealed Wallenberg syndrome on the left side, and brain MRI showed acute infarcts in the left lateral medulla as well as in the left internal carotid artery (ICA) territory. MR angiography did not depict the left vertebral artery (VA) and the left ICA. Despite antithrombotic treatment, he developed bulbar palsy, and then, brain herniation due to infarct growth in the left middle cerebral artery territory. He died on day 9. Histopathlogical examination found verruca involving the mitral leaflet, which was consistent with non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE). Atherosclerosis was also found in the systemic arteries, and there was sclerotic stenosis with calcification at the portion of piercing dulla matter in the left VA and at the cavernous segment of the left ICA. Because the cerebral emboli in the narrowed lumen presented a histologic appearance similar to that of the verruca, the diagnosis of brain embolism due to NBTE was confirmed.
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PMID:[Multiple cerebral artery occlusion due to non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis: an autopsy case report]. 2696 Feb 72