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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cardiology was diagnosed by means of clinical, radiographic, electrocardiographic phonocardiographic, angiocardiographic, and pathological findings in 271 or 3,745 cats necropsied from January 1962 to April 1974. The affected cats can be divided into three groups on the basis of the gross and microscopic pathological lesions: 1)endocarditis and myocarditis in 20 young cats; 2)endomyocardial fibrosis and left ventricular hypertrophy in 182 cats; and 3)myocardial degeneration and biventricular dilatation in 69 cats. Of 271 affected cats, thromboembolus was observed in the aorta, and in the carotid, femoral, iliac, renal, pulmonary, and hepatic arteries in 104 instances. The important aspects of cardiomyopathy in cats appears to be the reduced diastolic compliance of the thick left ventricle, resulting in poor fillin. Resistance to ventricular inflow raises the diastolic pressure and causes compensatory left atrial enlargement. A pathogenesis for the onset of clinical signs at any stages as the cause of the heart disease is postulated on the basis of stress causing tachycardia and poor left ventricular filling. Acute left-sided failure with pulmonary edema may be precipitated. Approximately one-fourth of the cats have enlargement of all cardiac chambers, typical of congestive cardiomyopathy. On the basis of the close similarily to cardiomyopathy in man, the cat could serve as a suitable animal model for a conservation of time and effort in the attack against this disorder. There is a need for coordinated research programs for utilizing the multiple avenues of approach such as: epidemiological, clinical, biochemical, pathological, ultrastructural, virological, and immunological.
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PMID:Feline cardiomyopathy. 12 93

Echocardiographic studies were performed in 190 consecutive patients with mitral valvular prolapse. All patients had either midsystolic posterior motion of the mitral valve or holosystolic hammock-like movement of the valve in systole. Thirteen patients (7 percent) were noted to have ruptured chordae tendineae. In four patients, a combination of abnormalities was observed. Five patients had clinical and bacteriologic evidence of infective endocarditis, two of whom had severe intractable pulmonary edema consequent to acute mitral regurgitation which required mitral valvular replacement. At surgery, one of these patients had ruptured chordae tendineae to both leaflets, and the other had chordal rupture of the posterior leaflet. The other patients probably had spontaneous rupture of the chordae tendineae. A spectrum of clinical findings was noted. Six patients had marked mitral regurgitation, while two had isolated systolic clicks. Thus, chordal rupture does not always result in severe hemodynamic deterioration. Serial echocardiographic studies will be of value in studying the natural history and progression of disease in patients with chordal rupture.
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PMID:Incidence of ruptured chordae tendineae in the mitral valvular prolapse syndrome: an echocardiographic study. 42 75

Severe mitral stenosis of rapid onset and progression was observed in a patient with infective endocarditis superimposed upon mild rheumatic mitral valvular stenosis. This severe stenosis resulted from large vegetations impinging upon the mitral valve orifice. Preoperative studies indicating mitral stenosis with vegetations and pulmonary edema were followed by emergency mitral valve replacement, which was sucessful.
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PMID:Acute mitral valvular obstruction from infective endocarditis: echocardiographic diagnosis and report of the second successfully treated case. 44 78

This report describes a patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy complicated by acute aortic and probably mitral valvular incompetence caused by endocarditis due to Staphylococcus aureus. Following the onset of valvular insufficiency, this patient developed hypotension and pulmonary edema and eventually underwent cardiac surgery in an attempt to control these complications. We review the unique pathophysiology of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and its alterations in the presence of acute valvular incompetence and analyze the limitations of medical management of cardiac decompensation in patients with this combination of cardiac abnormalities. The possible need for early surgery in such patients is examined.
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PMID:Acute valvular insufficiency complicating hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. 57 Apr 72

Five patients were found during surgery or at necropsy to have the mitral valve orifice obstructed by vegetations. They had had unexplained severe and recurrent episodes of acute febrile pulmonary oedema, and four had few cardiac ausculatory findings. Three patients died suddenly and unexpectedly; the other two were operated on and survived. In view of its ominous prognosis, acute mitral valve obstruction should be considered in patients whose pulmonary symptoms are compatible with endocarditis and are not adequately explained by the findings on examination of the heart. The condition, which should be confirmed by echocardiography, requires emergency surgery.
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PMID:Acute mitral valve obstruction during infective endocarditis. 62 Jan 70

During all of 1974 we surveyed, for illnesses and deaths, about 407,000 yearling feedlot cattle. The morbidity was 5.1%, with a case mortality of 18.9% and a population mortality of 1.0%. Both morbidity and mortality were higher during fall and winter than during spring and summer. Of the 3,943 dead cattle, 1,988 were necropsied. The most prevalent diseases were: pneumonia, 48%; diphtheria, 6%; brisket disease, 6%; hemorrhagic colitis, 5%; riding injury, 4%; bloat, 3%; calculosis, 2%; endocarditis, 2%; abomasal ulcers, 2%; bovine viral diarrhea, 2%; embolic pulmonary aneurysm, 1%; and pulmonary edema, 1%.
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PMID:Diseases of yearling feedlot cattle in Colorado. 95 27

During a six-year period 15 consecutive patients with isolated aortic regurgitation due to infective endocarditis were encountered. None had prior significant aortic valve disease. Elective valve replacement was performed in 13 patients; emergency operation was needed in only 1 patient because of intractable pulmonary edema. One patient died suddenly from acute heart block while undergoing medical treatment. Preoperative cardiac catheterization studies in 10 of the 14 patients revealed gross elevations of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, pulmonary hypertension, depressed cardiac output, and 3 to 4+ aortic regurgitation. There was 1 early and 1 late postoperative death, both due to systemic embolism, yielding an overall surgical mortality of 14%. After a mean follow-up of 18 months, 10 of the 11 patients are in New York Heart Association Functional Class I. Most patients with acute aortic regurgitation secondary to infective endocarditis have clinically observable congestive heart failure and will eventually require valve replacement. If congestive heart failure can be stabilized by a medical regimen, a course of antibiotic therapy can be administered and elective valve replacement can be performed. The time taken for preoperative antibiotic treatment is not associated with irreversible myocardial damage sufficient to influence the results of operation.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of acute aortic regurgitation in infective endocarditis. 99 71

The effect of warfarin treatment on an experimental endocarditis was studied in rabbits. Warfarin had no effect on the induction of a Streptococcus sanguis infection in catheter-induced endocardial vegetations, and the course of this infection was also unaltered. However, warfarin treatment resulted in rapidly progressive bacteremia, probably due to impaired circulation in clearing organs such as the lungs, liver, and spleen. Warfarin also reduced the survival time of the infected rabbits, in which pulmonary edema and extensive lung hemorrhages may have been a contributory factor.
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PMID:Effect of warfarin on the induction and course of experimental endocarditis. 100 98

Immediate attention must be given to the respiratory system of the heroin abuser; then he should be given naloxone HCl. Search for evidence of use of additional drugs, which may compound problems. Pulmonary edema, aspiration pneumonia and pulmonary embolization are the most common complications. Infections, particularly endocarditis, and cardiac arrhythmia also occur with heroin overdose. Hepatitis is common. Treatment must include not only attention to the presenting symptoms but also referral to a rehabilitation center when possible.
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PMID:Treating heroin overdose. 112 10

Cardiac diseases of cattle may involve valvular structures, myocardium, pericardium, or blood vessels and are manifested by the clinical signs of cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiac murmurs, generalized edema, muffled heart sounds, jugular venous distention, jugular venous pulsations, pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, or ascites. Digoxin, quinidine, and furosemide can be used effectively to control signs of CHF and cardiac arrhythmias. Combination antimicrobial therapy can be successful for cows with infective endocarditis and thrombophlebitis. Pericardial fluid drainage may temporarily improve cattle with traumatic pericarditis or lymphosarcoma so that short-term goals may be reached.
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PMID:Treatment of cardiovascular disease in cattle. 176 Jul 59


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