Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two hundred and seventy patients were studied during a 2 years period in Abbassia and Embaba fever hospitals. The duration of illness before admission was less than 20 days. Suggestive clinical symptoms and/or signs of each disease were stressed. Rapid laboratory investigations include slide typhoid agglutination test (98%) in enteric fevers, slide malta agglutination test (86%) in brucellosis, urine culture (100%) in urinary tract infection, gram stain of C.S.F. in bacterial meningitis (80%), encephalitis (0%) and meningeal irritation (0%), high vaginal swab culture (100%) in puerperal fevers, echocardiogram (100%) in infective endocarditis, high E.S.R. (100%) and positive C.R.P. (71%) and/or high A.S.O. (86%) in rheumatic fever, counterimmunoelectrophoresis (86%) in amoebic liver abscess, chest X-ray in pneumonia (100%), pulmonary tuberculosis (100%) and pleural effusion (100%), ultrasound of lymph nodes (100%) in tuberculous lymphadenitis. Erysipelas and tetanus were diagnosed on clinical grounds only.
 ...
PMID:Rapid diagnosis of non-prolonged febrile illnesses necessitating fever hospital admission. 179 71

We have treated 42 episodes of pediatric infections with sulbactam/ampicillin since 1987. Included were 9 cellulitis, 9 urinary tract infections, 5 cervical lymphadenitis, 4 meningitis, 2 thoracic empyema, 2 osteomyelitis, 2 sepsis, 1 furuncle, 1 perianal abscess, 1 dental abscess, 1 peritonsillitis, 1 salmonellosis, 1 shigellosis, 1 peritonitis, 1 suppurative thyroiditis, 1 infective endocarditis. Responsible pathogens were Escherichia coli in 8, Staphylococcus aureus in 6, Hemophilus influenzae in 2, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 3, Streptococcus viridans in 2, Staphylococcus epidermidis in 1, Bacteroides fragilis in 1, Salmonella D1 in 1, Shigella sonnei in 1, Klebsiella pneumoniae in 1, Enterobacter agglomerans in 1, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in 1, Enterobacter cloacae in 1, group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus in 1, and polymicrobial infection in 4 cases. Thirty-nine out of 41 (95%) clinically evaluable patients cured and all (34/34) bacteriologically evaluable patients eradicated their pathogens after treatment with sulbactam/ampicillin. Side reactions were seen in five patients; one maculopapular skin rash, one hemolytic anemia, two diarrhea, and one liver function impairment plus leukopenia. All these reactions were transient and did not require interruption of therapy. These results indicate that sulbactam/ampicillin is safe and effective in the treatment of common pediatric infections beyond the neonatal period.
 ...
PMID:A clinical evaluation of sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of pediatric infections. 263 93

One hundred twenty-five cases of disease due to rapidly growing mycobacteria were observed over a four-year period. Cutaneous infections accounted for 74 cases (59%). Of these, 40 followed surgical procedures (especially augmentation mammaplasty or median sternotomy), and 34 were due to accidental penetrating trauma. Among the 24 patients with pulmonary disease, the mean age was approximately 60 years, the majority of patients (63%) were women, and most had unilateral noncavitary disease. Other infections included disseminated disease with multiple nodular skin lesions and positive blood cultures, cervical lymphadenitis, keratitis, and endocarditis associated with a prosthetic valve. Infected tissues showed mixed acute and granulomatous inflammation; acid-fast bacilli, when present, occurred in extracellular clumps within microabscesses. Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium chelonei were encountered with approximately equal frequency; 80% of isolates of M. chelonei were subspecies abscessus, and 83% of isolates of M. fortuitum were biovariant fortuitum. The outcome in these infections was generally good, although 9% of the patients, including all those with endocarditis, died. Infections due to M. fortuitum and M. chelonei are probably markedly under-diagnosed, and these organisms are capable of causing a wide spectrum of clinical disease.
 ...
PMID:Spectrum of disease due to rapidly growing mycobacteria. 635 28

After decades of confusion about their microbiologic classification and clinical significance, the nondiphtheria corynebacteria have emerged as important pathogens. Although isolation of these organisms may represent contamination with skin flora, several species, including Corynebacterium ulcerans, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (Corynebacterium ovis), Corynebacterium haemolyticum, Corynebacterium pseudodiptheriticum, Corynebacterium equi, Corynebacterium bovis, Corynebacterium xerosis, and corynebacteria of group JK, clearly cause disease in humans. Most of these organisms infect animals, which are the source of human infection with some species. Some nondiptheria species of Corynebacterium produce recognizable clinical syndromes such as granulomatous lymphadenitis, pneumonitis, pharyngitis, cutaneous infections, and, most commonly, endocarditis. Certain species infect healthy hosts, while others predominantly attack immunocompromised individuals. Several species produce toxins, including a diphtheria-like toxin, a dermonecrotic toxin, and a soluble hemolysin. A microbiologic scheme of identification of the genus Corynebacterium and its major defined species is presented.
 ...
PMID:Infections caused by nondiphtheria corynebacteria. 676 Mar 40

Systemic pathological alterations were studied in thirty-seven autopsied patients with Kawasaki disease. Systemic vasculitis was the most characteristic pathological finding and was present in all the patients. In addition to the vasculitis, there was a high incidence of inflammatory lesions in various organs and tissues: in the heart, endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis; in the digestive system, stomatitis, sialoduct-adenitis, catarrhal enteritis, hepatitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, and pancreas ductitis; in the respiratory system, bronchitis and segmental interstitial pneumonia; in the urinary system, focal interstitial nephritis, cystitis, and prostatitis; in the nervous system, aseptic leptomeningitis, choriomeningitis, gangliontis, and neuritis; in the hematopoietic system, lymphadenitis, splenitis, and thymitis. Dermatitis, panniculitis or myositis were also observed in some patients. Therefore, Kawasaki disease is a systemic inflammatory disease which mainly affects the cardiovascular system. These systemic inflammatory lesions are considered to correspond to the variegated clinical manifestaitions. The relationship between Kawasaki disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa (IPN) were discussed, based on the clinicopathological characteristics.
 ...
PMID:General pathology of Kawasaki disease. On the morphological alterations corresponding to the clinical manifestations. 744 9

Bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat-scratch disease, was identified recently by DNA amplification techniques. Several other Bartonellae (most of which were called Rochalimaea before) cause disease in humans: B. bacilliformis (Carrion's disease), B. elizabethae (endocarditis) and B. quintana (bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis, chronic bacteraemia and endocarditis, trench fever). B. henselae is transmitted to humans by scratch or bite of a bacteraemic, but asymptomatic, cat, which event may be followed by regional lymphadenitis (classical cat-scratch disease), bacillary angiomatosis or peliosis of liver and spleen (in immune compromised, e.g. HIV-infected individuals) or chronic bacteraemia and endocarditis (in elderly individuals). The incidence in the Netherlands of cat-scratch disease is > 2/100,000/year. If a Bartonella infection is suspected, specific immuno-assays and polymerase chain reaction assay may be applied for diagnosis. Culture of the organism is difficult. Macrolides and tetracyclines have been shown to be effective in treatment of disseminated infections. The natural (self-limiting) course of regional lymphadenitis however is not affected by antibiotic treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Cat-scratch disease and other infections caused by Bartonella species]. 861 34

A total of 170 beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from lesions in slaughtered pigs during 1988 to 1995 were identified by biochemical and serological examinations. Of these, 132 strains (77.6%) were Streptococcus (S.) dysgalactiae and 38 strains (22.4%) were S. porcinus. The largest serological group of streptococci was group C (78 strains, 45.9%), followed by group L (43 strains, 25.3%), group U (14 strains, 8.2%), group G (11 strains, 6.5%), group E (5 strains, 2.9%), and group P (5 strains, 2.9%). Most of isolates from endocarditis (61 strains) and arthritis (25 strains) were group C S. dysgalactiae, but about 33.3% of the isolates from lymphadenitis were group L S. dysgalactiae (28 strains), followed by group C (14 strains, 16.7%), group U S. porcinus (14 strains, 14.3%), and group G (10 strains, 11.9%).
 ...
PMID:Biochemical and serological examination of beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from slaughtered pigs. 949 74

Unusual pneumococcal infections occurred frequently in the preantibiotic age but rapidly declined with the advent of the antibiotic era. Unfortunately, the morbidity and mortality associated with invasive pneumococcal disease remain high despite antibiotic therapy and monumental advances in medical technology. The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease has increased recently because of the onset of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pneumococcus. Robert Austrian described the clinical triad of pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis, a syndrome that now bears his name. Although seen infrequently today, unusual manifestations of pneumococcal infection such as those Austrian reported still occur. A review of these cases is warranted because, as drug-resistant organisms continue to emerge worldwide, more unusual pneumococcal infections will be seen. Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for a remarkable array of disease processes; our literature review uncovered 95 different types of unusual pneumococcal infections representing 2,064 cases. Examples of these infections included pancreatic and liver abscesses, aortitis, gingival lesions, phlegmonous gastritis, inguinal adenitis, testicular and tubo-ovarian abscesses, and necrotizing fasciitis. We also reviewed predisposing underlying illnesses and conditions. Alcoholism, HIV infection, splenectomy, connective tissue disease, steroid use, diabetes mellitus, and intravenous drug use remain common risk factors for invasive pneumococcal infections. Currently, multidrug-resistant S. pneumoniae remains susceptible to vancomycin and several new third-generation fluoroquinolones. As what some fear will be a possible postantibiotic era approaches, clinicians must be able to recognize and manage unusual pneumococcal infections.
 ...
PMID:Unusual manifestations of invasive pneumococcal infection. 1045 Oct 5

Recent observations have begun to support a role for Bartonella spp. as animal as well as human pathogens. Bartonella spp. are vector-transmitted, blood-borne, intracellular, gram-negative bacteria that can induce prolonged infection in the host. Persistent infections in domestic and wild animals result in a substantial reservoir of Bartonella organisms in nature that can serve as a source for inadvertent human infection. The prevalence of bacteremia can range from 50 to 95% in selected rodent, cat, deer, and cattle populations. Dogs infected with Bartonella spp. can develop lameness, endocarditis, granulomatous lymphadenitis, and peliosis hepatis, lesions that have also been reported in association with human infection. Understanding the role of Bartonella spp. as pathogens in cats and other wild or domestic animals awaits the results of additional studies. Considering the extensive animal reservoirs and the large number of insects that have been implicated in the transmission of Bartonella spp., both animal and human exposure to these organisms may be more substantial than is currently believed.
 ...
PMID:Bartonella infection in animals: carriership, reservoir potential, pathogenicity, and zoonotic potential for human infection. 1088 85

Cat-scratch disease is an infection caused by Bartonella henselae, a fastidious gram-negative bacillus acquired from exposure to an infected kitten or cat. The most common manifestation of human disease is lymphadenitis. Atypical forms of infection include Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome, stellate neuroretinitis, persistent fever without localizing signs, hepatosplenic infection, encephalopathy, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis. Immunocompromised individuals with B. hensalae infection may develop bacillary angiomatosis, bacillary peliosis, and relapsing bacteremia with fever syndrome. The bacillus is susceptible to several antibacterial agents in vitro, including penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, and rifampin. Greatest clinical efficacy has been observed following treatment with rifampin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, clarithromycin, and azithromycin. In one placebo-controlled study, azithromycin therapy was associated with more rapid diminution in size of infected lymph nodes. The majority of cases of cat-scratch disease occurring in normal hosts do not require anti-infective therapy for resolution of infection.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of cat-scratch disease. 1117 45


1 2 3 Next >>