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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hematologic dysfunction occurs commonly in patients with malignancy. Over half are anemic, often because of acute or chronic blood loss, marrow involvement by the malignancy, marrow suppressive effects of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or because of the anemia of chronic disease. Less frequently, anemia may result from red cell aplasia, folate or B12 deficiency, hemolytic processes, or hypersplenism. Occasional patients may become polycythemic because of erythropoietin-producing tumors such as renal adenocarcinomas or cerebellar hemangiomas. Elevation of the white cell count is commonly seen, especially in patients with lung cancer. Monocytosis and thrombocytosis, which may be early signs of an underlying malignancy, are also very common and occur in up to half of patients. Thrombocytopenia is commonly a result of therapy or marrow replacement; a few patients may have a syndrome resembling immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Abnormalities of coagulation are present in many patients, and may lead to superficial or deep venous thromboses, pulmonary emboli, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis with arterial emboli, bleeding, or acute disseminated intravascular coagulation. A sound understanding of the potential hematologic complications that can result from the malignant process is essential to the clinician caring for cancer patients.
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PMID:Hematologic manifestations of malignancy. 268 Mar 58

Splenomegaly was studied at a municipal teaching hospital in an 11-year retrospective review. The 170 patients were classified into six diagnostic groups. The associated clinical and laboratory features were tested for statistical association (X2), to determine predictive values. Hepatic diseases caused 36% of the splenomegaly; hematologic, 35%; infectious diseases (ID), 16%; inflammatory, 5%; primary splenic, 4%; and other, 3%. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurred in 54% of patients with ID. Hematologic diseases were significantly associated (P < 0.01) with massive splenomegaly, left upper quadrant (LUQ) abdominal tenderness, and all blood "cytoses." The most common disease with massive splenomegaly was myelofibrosis. Surprisingly, hepatic diseases caused 29% of massive splenomegaly. Hepatic diseases were significantly associated (P < 0.01) with hepatomegaly, abnormal liver-function tests (LFT), and blood "cytopenias." Compared with previous reports, both congestive heart failure and endocarditis now rarely cause splenomegaly. All blood "cytopenias" had highly significant associations (P < 0.01) only with hepatic diseases, which suggests that hypersplenism remains a useful concept for the splenomegaly of liver disease.
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PMID:Splenomegaly at a United States County Hospital: diagnostic evaluation of 170 patients. 885 64

Splenomegaly was studied retrospectively at the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, on all patients (N = 2,056) for the years 1913 to 1962. The patients were classified into several diagnostic groups, and these groups were tested for statistical significance (chi(2)) with many clinical and laboratory variables to determine their predictive value. Hematologic disorders were associated with 57% of cases of splenomegaly and 81% of cases of massive splenomegaly. Among patients with splenomegaly, 19% had infectious diseases, 11% had hepatic diseases, and 9% had congestive or inflammatory disorders. The residual 4% were considered to have primary splenic disorders or a disorder of unknown cause. The commonest diseases associated with splenomegaly were hematologic (acute and chronic leukemias), infectious (malaria, endocarditis, and tuberculosis), hepatic (chronic liver disease), congestive (congestive heart failure), inflammatory (thyrotoxicosis), and other (cancers not metastatic to the spleen). The diseases most frequently associated with massive splenomegaly were the chronic leukemias. The disease with the highest incidence of massive splenomegaly was myelofibrosis (23 of 29 patients, 78%). Splenectomy was performed in 154 patients (7%), primarily for hematologic amelioration and hepatic hypersplenism. Hematologic diseases showed significant associations with lymphadenopathy, generalized lymphadenopathy, massive splenomegaly, and cytoses (P .001) and with progressive splenic enlargement (P < .02). Infectious diseases showed significant association with fever, and hepatic diseases showed significant association with abnormal results of liver function tests (P < .001). The findings of this retrospective study should be validated prospectively.
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PMID:Splenomegaly in 2,505 patients in a large university medical center from 1913 to 1995. 1913 to 1962: 2,056 patients. 973 88