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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A defect in the muscular part of the interventricular septum in a 19 year old man was complicated by infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The lesion was a large right ventricular free wall vegetation which embolised to the lungs. The vegetation was displayed by cross sectional echocardiography, which also confirmed the clinical diagnosis of ventricular septal defect. This case confirms the concept that the jet stream causes endocarditis at its point of impact. After six weeks' treatment with antibiotics the ventricular septal defect was repaired at operation.
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PMID:Echocardiographic demonstration of free wall vegetative endocarditis complicated by a pulmonary embolism in a patient with ventricular septal defect. 370 90

Tetralogy of Fallot became a correctable malformation on August 31, 1954, and from that data through 1960, 106 patients (ages 4 months-45 years) who underwent open repairs at the University of Minnesota and were discharged, have been followed (99% complete) until death or for 26-31 years (mean: 23.7 years, 2424 patient years). The purposes of this study were to determine survival, morbidity, hemodynamics, educational/employment attainments, and relation of these to surgical technics. Operations were done by cross circulation (6 patients) and bubble oxygenator (100 patients). This group had the first uses of patch ventricular septal defect closure, outflow root, infundibuloplasty, atresia correction, ischemic arrests, and pacemakers among other innovations. Twenty-one (of 105 patients) have died during the followup: eight deaths in the first 10 years, 12 between 10 and 20 years, and 1 greater than 20 years. The causes of death were sudden (5), accidental (4), congestive failure (2), reoperation (2), suicide (2), and other (2). Actuarial survival at 30 years was 77%. Late complications were ten reoperations, five arrhythmias, and one endocarditis. Actuarial freedom from reoperations at 30 years was 91%. Cardiac recatheterizations in 62 patients disclosed only 10 with residual shunts. Peak right ventricular systolic pressures were less than 40 mmHg (34 patients), 41-60 mm (2 patients), 61-70 mm (4 patients), greater than 71 mm (4 patients). Thirty-four patients (32%) completed college, ten of these completed graduate school (5 masters degrees, 2 M.D.'s, 2 Ph.D.'s, 1 lawyer). Fifteen others attended college, and nine received technical school diplomas. Forty patients (18 men, 22 women) had progeny, with 82 (93%) live births and six major cardiac defects (7.3%). In summary, complete repair gave excellent late results in this group cared for very early in the open heart era. Survivors led productive lives without restrictions in education and employment. Many of the deaths/complications that occurred are now easily preventable, which augurs extremely well for this generation.
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PMID:The first open heart corrections of tetralogy of Fallot. A 26-31 year follow-up of 106 patients. 376 82

We report a case of right-sided endocarditis with left ventricular-right atrial communication in which right atrial vegetation was demonstrated by two-dimensional echocardiography. The present case demonstrates that the right atrial vegetation in ventricular septal defect is suggestive of left ventricular-right atrial communication.
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PMID:Right atrial vegetation in left ventricular-right atrial communication. 381 18

Wistar rats were administered M-protein fraction (MP) of group A type 12 hemolytic streptococci on day 9 of gestation. When 9 mg/kg of MP was injected, the incidence of malformations was 11.8%, and the incidence of cardiovascular malformations was 7.9%. The main malformations were ventricular septal defect, microphthalmia, and hydrocephaly. Light and electron microscopic studies revealed no myocarditis nor endocarditis in either the maternal or fetal heart. Fluorescent antibody technique demonstrated no immunological cross-reaction between MP and rat heart tissue. The results suggest that MP is slightly teratogenic in the rat.
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PMID:The effects of M-protein fraction of hemolytic streptococci on embryonic heart in the rat. 383 94

Corynebacterium diphtheriae usually produces an infection limited to the respiratory tract and the organisms rarely invade the blood stream. We report the case of a 6-year-old girl who, 2 months after an unsuccessful repair of a ventricular septal defect, developed septicaemia with non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae. The organism appeared resistant to penicillin in vitro and failed to respond to a course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to which it was susceptible in the laboratory. A cure was finally achieved using cephalothin and gentamicin, followed by an additional course of ampicillin and amoxicillin. Twelve previously recorded cases of diphtheritic sepsis and endocarditis are reviewed.
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PMID:Diphtheritic septicaemia and probable endocarditis: a case report and review of the literature. 387 95

Successful control of the aortic root in extensive erosive endocarditis, with or without mycotic ventricular septal defect, frequently depends on secure prosthetic fixation to the interventricular septum. We describe transseptal suture fixation of aortic root prostheses through a pulmonary infundibular approach and recommend its early use to avoid difficult, often injurious, attempts at septal suture from within the left ventricular outflow tract.
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PMID:Transseptal control of the difficult aortic annulus. 388 85

Three cases of acquired LV-RA communication during bacterial endocarditis are reported. The causal organisms were Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus. The endocarditis complicated aortic valve disease in 2 patients and a congenital aneurysm of the membranous interventricular septum in the third case. Perforation of the septal abscess was preceded by 1st and 2nd degree AVB in all cases associated with bursts of intrahisian tachycardia in 1 case. The clinical presentation was that of an acute VSD; LV-RA communication was diagnosed by the radiological demonstration of systolic expansion of the RA, by 2D echocardiography using constant and Doppler techniques which gave the exact diagnosis in 1 case, by oximetry showing a large left-to-right shunt situated in the RA, and finally by selective left ventriculography. Surgery is essential and urgent and comprises repair of the fistula by two patches, one atrial shown on via a right atrial approach and the other ventricular via aortotomy associated with correction of the valvular lesions. Third degree AVB is observed in all cases, due to the anatomical location of the His bundle and requires permanent pacing. Good results were observed in 2 cases with follow-up periods of 14 and 48 months respectively.
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PMID:[Left ventricle-right atrium communications acquired in bacterial endocarditis]. 393 31

The clinical manifestations, infective microorganisms, underlying diseases, complications and prognosis of infective endocarditis (IE) were studied in 17 current patients. Data were compared with 101 previous cases reported in Japan. Most patients with IE (110/118 = 93.2%) had underlying heart diseases. IE was noted most often in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and tetralogy of Fallot. The incidence of post operative endocarditis was high (29.4% in the present series and 9.0% in the overall series), too. Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus and GNB were the most common etiologic agents with incidences of 28.8% (34/118), 25.4% (30/118) and 9.3% (11/118), respectively. Almost half of the deaths from IE were caused by s. aureus. The mortality was 11.9% (14/118) in both series. The death rate from candida albicans was 100%, from s. aureus 33.3% (10/30) and from str. viridans 5.9% (2/34) in both series. Culture negative patients accounted for 11.9% (14/118) in both series. Complications which did not involve the valves were noted in one patient with cerebral emboli and in two patients with pulmonary infarction in the present series. Cerebral emboli phenomena were seen 8 cases of the overall series, 4 of whom died.
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PMID:Infective endocarditis in children. 402 Oct 67

An autopsy case of right-sided infective endocarditis combined with mitral valvular involvement in a 20-year-old male Japanese with ventricular septal defect (VSD) was reported. The vegetations were found on the endocardium bordering VSD, tricuspid valve, mural endocardium of the right ventricular outflow tract, and even the pulmonic valve, resulting in forming infective aneurysm of the pulmonary trunk. Streptococcus was morphologically identified in the vegetations obtained at autopsy. On the other hand, smaller vegetations were also noted on the mitral valve. The mechanisms of the mitral extending were discussed when right-sided infective endocarditis associated with VSD preceded that on the mitral valve. The authors think that mitral regurgitation in relation to VSD and right to left shunt through VSD which occur even temporarily may be the most important mechanism responsible for the mitral valvular involvement. Several differences between right-sided and left-sided infective endocarditis were also reviewed.
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PMID:Right-sided infective endocarditis combined with mitral involvement in a patient with ventricular septal defect. 402 44

Nephrotic syndrome is a most unusual complication of infective endocarditis. We report a case of Streptococcus sanguis endocarditis of the tricuspid valve in a patient with a small congenital ventricular septal defect who developed this complication. Severe myocardial depression also occurred and the clinical behaviour and subsequent recovery of this closely paralleled that of the nephrotic syndrome. These unusual associations, their possible interactions and pathogeneses are discussed.
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PMID:Myocardial depression and nephrotic syndrome in Streptococcus sanguis endocarditis. 409 56


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