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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Amoxicillin is an aminopenicillin available in the United States only for oral use. It has an antibacterial activity and spectrum similar to that of ampicillin and is destroyed by gram-positive and gram-negative beta-lactamases. It is more active against enterococci and salmonellae than ampicillin, but less active against Shigella. It is better absorbed than ampicillin from the gastrointestinal tract with blood levels two to two and one half times those of ampicillin. Amoxicillin is an excellent agent to treat otitis media, bacterial sinusitis, bacterial exacerbations of bronchitis, acute lower-urinary-tract infections, gonorrhea, and typhoid. In special settings it may be useful as oral therapy of endocarditis, septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis and as prophylaxis to prevent endocarditis. When the cost of amoxicillin approaches that of ampicillin, it should replace that agent as the oral aminopenicillin of first choice.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment: drugs five years later. Amoxicillin. 3 42

The perplexing clinical course of a 23-year-old black male with isolated gonococcal pulmonary valvular endocarditis is presented. M-mode echocardiography provided the first clue to the presence of pulmonary valvular vegetations and the proper diagnosis. Since Neisseria gonorrhea appears to have a particular affinity for the pulmonary valve, the presence of isolated pulmonary valvular endocarditis should raise the strong possibility that Neisseria gonorrhea is the offending organism. This case report of pulmonary valvular vegetations detected by echocardiography strongly emphasizes that all four cardiac valves must be visualized in order to rule out the presence of echocardiographically detectable valvular vegetations.
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PMID:Isolated gonococcal pulmonary valve endocarditis: diagnosis by echocardiography. 10 32

Seven strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (colony type 1 or 2) were tested for their ability to produce endocarditis in rabbits with transaortic valve catheters. The gonococci exhibited three auxotype patterns and a broad range of susceptibility to penicillin and to complement-mediated serum bactericidal activity. Only four strains produced endocarditis; infectivity appeared to be related to serum resistance. Neither arthritis nor skin lesions were observed in infected animals, but 40% had hepatitis, often with fibrinous perihepatitis. Hepatic lesions could be induced by the continuous infusion of gonococci without a transvalvular catheter. Suppurative hepatitis in the rabbit endocarditis model is of particular interest in light of the unusual hepatic involvement reported in association with gonococcal endocarditis in humans. Since perihepatitis also occurs as a complication of experimental gonococcal bacteremia, perhaps the Fitz-Hugh-Curtis (gonococcal perihepatitis) syndrome appearing in women occurs more often as a function of undiagnosed bacteremia than has heretofore been suspected.
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PMID:Perihepatitis and hepatitis as complications of experimental endocarditis due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the rabbit. 40 13

Three cases of endocarditis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae involving the aortic, mitral an tricuspid valves are reported. Two cases in young women, following syndromes suggestive of gonococcal arthritis, presented as acute endocarditis and were fatal. The male patient experienced a subacute course, and the diagnosis was suggested by finding an extremely high level of antigonococcal antibody. This old, though now rare, disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with histories of gonococcal illness and with findings of bacterial endocarditis.
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PMID:Gonococcal endocarditis. 41 60

Since the introduction of penicillin in 1942, there have been only 11 culture-proven cases of gonococcal endocarditis in the English literature. Most patients are under 30 years of age and have no history of heart disease. The aortic valve is often involved and aortic regurgitation is common. The bacteriologic diagnosis can be difficult and may require more than six blood cultures and a long incubation period. Circulating immune complexes appear to be the cause of many of the extracardiac manifestations. The three new cases reported herein and review of the literature emphasize the distinctive features of gonococcal endocarditis.
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PMID:Gonococcal endocarditis in the antibiotic era. 50 21

This paper describes a case of disseminated gonococcal infection, a rare disease in France. A 41 year-old woman was hospitalised with acute polyarthritis and characteristics skin lesions. Jaundice and liver function abnormalities are difficult to interpret due to a preexisting alcoholic cirrhosis. The possibility of an endocarditis is raised because of a systolic murmur heard at the base of the heart. Bacteriological identification of N. Gonorrhoeae is carried out in blood culture; it has also been recovered by scrapings of a cutaneous bullae by staining only. Therapy was instituted by daily intravenous penicillin G sodium 50 000 000 u. and intramuscular gentamicin 160 mg for 45 days. There resulted good clinical and bacteriological response. The elements of clinical and bacteriological diagnosis, as well as the therapy are discussed.
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PMID:[Gonococcal septicemia. 1 case]. 81 66

A patient with aortic valve disruption due to gonococcal endocarditis and associated with a sinus of Valsalva aneurysm and fistula into the right ventricle is described. The rarity of this combination of conditions and the place of surgery in their management are discussed.
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PMID:Urgent aortic valve replacement in disseminated gonococcaemia associated with sinus of Valsalva aneurysm and fistula formation. 107 Mar 2

Endocarditis is a rare but potentially lethal manifestation of gonococcal infection. We report the case of a patient with fulminant endocarditis secondary to infection with penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG). The patient had rapid deterioration from extensive destruction of the aortic valve with abscess and fistula formation. Lifesaving emergency surgery was performed. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of gonococcal endocarditis secondary to infection with a penicillinase-producing organism.
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PMID:Fulminant endocarditis due to infection with penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 141 46

This study examines a population of inner-city crack cocaine users in Miami, Florida. Many study participants were also injection drug users; others were the sexual partners of injection drug users. In general, the self-reported health status of the study population was good, but men perceived their health in a more positive light than did women. HIV-seronegative men were most likely to report excellent or good health, and seropositive women reported the greatest incidence of poor health, regardless of the amount of crack use. Serostatus was statistically significant for women but not for men. Pneumonia was reported more frequently by women, while hepatitis and tuberculosis were reported more frequently by men. There was a significant gender difference in reported endocarditis among light users of crack, with more women that men reporting a history of endocarditis. Among sexually transmitted diseases, men reported more gonorrhea and women reported more syphilis. These gender differences were statistically significant only for heavy users of crack. A gender difference was evident in the HIV seropositivity rates, with 25.7% of men and 32.2% of women testing positive for antibodies to HIV. While this difference held true when frequency of crack use was controlled, the difference was not statistically significant. Women were significantly more likely than men to trade sex for drugs and/or money. Women who were heavy crack users traded most often and would be expected to be at correspondingly increased risk for HIV infection or transmission.
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PMID:A gender comparison of health status among users of crack cocaine. 149 Dec 88

The most frequent systemic complication of acute, untreated gonorrhea is disseminated infection, which develops in 0.5 to 3 percent of the more than 700,000 Americans infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae each year. The classic triad of features consists of dermatitis, tenosynovitis and migratory polyarthritis. Disseminated gonococcal infection is most common in young women but may develop in sexually active persons of any age. The diagnosis often is not suspected because the initial mucosal infection is frequently asymptomatic, providing no clue to an infectious etiology. Prompt identification and treatment are essential to prevent complications such as endocarditis, meningitis, perihepatitis and permanent joint damage.
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PMID:Disseminated gonococcal infection. 172 91


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