Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Low molecular weight (LMW) IgM is the monomeric subunit of pentameric IgM. It is not found in healthy adults but occurs in a number of autoimmune, lymphoproliferative and infectious conditions. It has not been described before in infective endocarditis (IE). Eighteen patients with IE were studied; 16 with subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) and two with acute endocarditis. LMW IgM was detected in the sera of six patients, all having SBE in association with circulating rheumatoid factor (RF). Of the remaining 12 patients without LMW IgM only three had RF in low quantities. Sequential studies revealed that LMW IgM appeared during the later stages of the illness at or following the peak RF and IgM response. LMW IgM was not detected in any of 20 control sera. Immunoblot analysis of sera containing LMW IgM revealed the presence of small quantities of dimeric and oligomeric IgM in addition to monomeric IgM. We conclude that LMW IgM occurs predominantly in those patients with IE who have associated RF. Immunoblot analysis suggests that the presence of monomeric and oligomeric LMW IgM reflects a disorder of IgM polymerization occurring in those patients.
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PMID:Appearance of low molecular weight IgM during course of infective endocarditis. 379 86

Based on the data obtained during observation over 270 patients with infectious endocarditis the authors discuss factors that cause antibacterial therapy resistance encountered particularly often over the recent decade. Among the factors, the authors mark polyetiology of the disease over the recent years, "new" patterns of endocarditis in terms of the pathogenesis, predominance of primary endocarditis with highly virulent microorganisms, late disease diagnosis, inadequate antibacterial treatment, and so forth. Approaches to overcoming treatment resistance are also considered.
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PMID:[Infectious endocarditis: its resistance to therapy, causative factors and means of combating it]. 379 39

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a very uncommon cause of infectious endocarditis. The organism was first described in 1912. Thjotta and Sydnes reported its isolation in pure culture from a long standing abscess which had developed after tooth extraction. Subsequently this organism was found to be part of the normal flora, and the organism was defined as a slow growing, fastidious gram negative bacillus. Carbon dioxide is essential for the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Approximately 50 cases of endocarditis due to A. actinomycetemcomitans have been reported since the first case reported in 1964. The purpose of this report is to document a case of endocarditis due to A. actinomycetemcomitans and to stress the value of the echocardiogram in the assessment of patients with endocarditis.
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PMID:Infectious endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. 384 74

Better understanding of the mechanisms of the development of subacute bacterial endocarditis following stomatological procedures in the patient with heart disease implies the more rational use of prophylactic measures. Preventive antibiotics, often given empirically, decrease the unavoidable bacteremia threshold and hence the threat of endocarditis. After reviewing the risks factors linked with the cardiac problem and with the stomatological procedure, the authors justify the choice of a simple prophylactic protocol, linked both to the microbial types encountered as well as to commonly used effective antibiotics.
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PMID:[Prevention of bacterial endocarditis in heart patients during dental procedures]. 386 5

One hundred and one cases of infectious endocarditis were reviewed, from 1966 to 1982. The mean age of the patients was 56.3 +/- 15 years. There was a marked predominance of men (70.2 p. 100); the commonest portal of entry was dental (45.9 p. 100); the number of iatrogenic portals of entry and cases of endocarditis on prosthetic valves has been increasing in recent years. Blood cultures were positive in 83 p. 100 of cases; the commonest responsible organism was the non-D streptococcus (31 p. 100 of cases) followed by the D streptococcus (18.8 p. 100), the staphylococcus aureus (17.8 p. 100), and the staphylococcus epidermidis (2.9 p. 100). Gram-negative bacilli were isolated in 9.9 p. 100 of cases. Rare and slow growing organisms have been isolated since 1977. Echocardiography was then introduced and helped the diagnostic in 70 p. 100 of cases. Circulating immune complexes were measured in 25 patients and were found to be raised in 14 cases (56 p. 100). The commonest complication was cardiac failure (43 p. 100) which led to valve replacement in the acute phase in 14 p. 100 of cases. The occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias was a poor prognostic factor. The other complications were neurological (15 p. 100), renal (10 p. 100), embolic (19 p. 100), and pulmonary (9 p. 100). The mortality rate in the acute phase was 30 p. 100 and the probability of a five year survival was 54 p. 100.
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PMID:[Current aspects of infectious endocarditis. Review of 101 cases]. 393 24

We reviewed the records of patients with infectious endocarditis from three hospitals in the same city from 1970 to 1972 and from 1980 to 1982. A total of 43 episodes of infectious endocarditis occurred in 42 patients. The clientele of these hospitals differ in that one is a teaching hospital which treats principally indigent tertiary care patients, one treats principally private patients, and one provides care for military veterans. In our study we noted that changes in the frequency and etiology of endocarditis observed at our teaching hospital were not seen in either of the other hospitals. We also noted that the predilection for men and mitral valve involvement observed in some retrospective reviews of endocarditis from large metropolitan centers could not be extended to our city's hospitals. Although some interhospital variations in epidemiologic and microbiologic parameters in infectious endocarditis may be explained by different patient populations, others, such as local variations in the frequency of valvular involvement, cannot be reliably predicted from published series. We conclude that a larger data base founded on statewide reporting of infectious endocarditis would lead to a better understanding of the microbiology, anatomy, and demography of infectious endocarditis.
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PMID:Infectious endocarditis at three hospitals in the same city: two study periods a decade apart. 394 44

We have described a patient who had mitral valve replacement with a bovine prosthesis, followed by infectious endocarditis caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum. We found no previous reports of endocarditis caused by this organism involving a biologic heart prosthesis.
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PMID:Mycobacterium fortuitum endocarditis after mitral valve replacement with a bovine prosthesis. 401 86

A typical case of advanced obstructive cardiomyopathy in a young subject was revealed by Streptococcal mitral valve endocarditis and was diagnosed by one and two dimensional echocardiography, which revealed a pedunculated vegetation on the large mitral valve and rupture of the chordae of the small mitral valve. This was complicated by biventricular heart failure, peripheral arterial embolism in the leg due to migration of the vegetation which disappeared on the repeat echocardiography and pulmonary embolism with arterial clot emboli due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. This condition resolved without requiring cardiac surgery. Patients with obstructive cardiomyopathy should be treated routinely with prophylactic antibiotics, particularly when dental treatment is required. Echocardiography has become an essential examination in the diagnosis of this disease and its complications, especially in cases with infectious endocarditis.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and echocardiographic course of infectious endocarditis in obstructive cardiomyopathy]. 404 Mar 48

We prospectively studied 40 patients with prosthetic heart valves and community-acquired febrile illness. The mean age of the group studied was 35.2 +/- 12.8 years, and the mean length of time that the prosthetic valve had been in place was 53.4 +/- 43.7 months. There was a high incidence (37.5%) of infectious endocarditis in the patients studied, with a total mortality of 15% in the group. The presence of a new regurgitant murmur, skin or retinal lesions, splenomegaly, vegetations shown on echocardiograms, and persistent bacteremia was associated with infectious endocarditis (P less than .05). The patients with mechanical Starr-Edwards valves had a significantly higher incidence (P less than .001) of infectious endocarditis than those with other types of prosthetic valves implanted in our hospital. Complete evaluation is mandatory in febrile patients with prosthetic heart valves because of the high risk of prosthetic valve endocarditis as the cause of the fever.
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PMID:Community-acquired febrile illness in patients with prosthetic heart valves. 407 Nov 69

Serum concentrations of cephalothin or kanamycin, or both, were determined in 53 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Conventional doses of these antibiotics did not provide serum levels above the accepted minimum inhibitory concentrations in children. Adults had adequate serum antibiotic concentrations only when the antimicrobials were administered within 4 h of beginning cardiopulmonary bypass. The impact of these variations upon the occurrence of infectious endocarditis could not be appraised since no cases of infective endocarditis were seen during a 4-month postoperative period.
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PMID:Serum antibiotic concentrations pre- and postcardiopulmonary bypass. 475 33


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