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 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most frequent systemic complication of acute, untreated gonorrhea is disseminated infection, which develops in 0.5 to 3 percent of the more than 700,000 Americans infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae each year. The classic triad of features consists of dermatitis, tenosynovitis and migratory polyarthritis. Disseminated gonococcal infection is most common in young women but may develop in sexually active persons of any age. The diagnosis often is not suspected because the initial mucosal infection is frequently asymptomatic, providing no clue to an infectious etiology. Prompt identification and treatment are essential to prevent complications such as endocarditis, meningitis, perihepatitis and permanent joint damage.
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PMID:Disseminated gonococcal infection. 172 91

Staphylococcus aureus infection has become an increasingly grave problem in industrialised poultry farming. This first communication in a series of publications on highly involved studies and experiments describes manifestations of the most common staphylococcal infections in fowl, including synovitis with arthritis, osteomyelitis, dermatitis, endocarditis, septicaemia, wound infection, and ophthalmitis. Reference in greater detail is made to manifestations with more important economic consequences, such as synovitis with arthritis, osteomyelitis, and dermatitis. Their frequency, dependence on age, clinical patterns, pathomorphology, pathogenesis are expounded together with peculiarities of differential diagnosis, with reference being made to findings obtained by the authors from their own studies on three industrialised poultry units.
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PMID:[Staphylococcus aureus infection in chickens in industrialized poultry units. 1. Manifestations of Staphylococcus aureus infection in chickens]. 721 38

Systemic pathological alterations were studied in thirty-seven autopsied patients with Kawasaki disease. Systemic vasculitis was the most characteristic pathological finding and was present in all the patients. In addition to the vasculitis, there was a high incidence of inflammatory lesions in various organs and tissues: in the heart, endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis; in the digestive system, stomatitis, sialoduct-adenitis, catarrhal enteritis, hepatitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, and pancreas ductitis; in the respiratory system, bronchitis and segmental interstitial pneumonia; in the urinary system, focal interstitial nephritis, cystitis, and prostatitis; in the nervous system, aseptic leptomeningitis, choriomeningitis, gangliontis, and neuritis; in the hematopoietic system, lymphadenitis, splenitis, and thymitis. Dermatitis, panniculitis or myositis were also observed in some patients. Therefore, Kawasaki disease is a systemic inflammatory disease which mainly affects the cardiovascular system. These systemic inflammatory lesions are considered to correspond to the variegated clinical manifestaitions. The relationship between Kawasaki disease and infantile polyarteritis nodosa (IPN) were discussed, based on the clinicopathological characteristics.
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PMID:General pathology of Kawasaki disease. On the morphological alterations corresponding to the clinical manifestations. 744 9

Staphylococcus aureus is the causative organism for many skin and soft tissue (SST) infections. Some SST infections have severe systemic complications, such as bacteraemia and sepsis. S. aureus is the cause of 75% of primary pyodermas. Pre-existing conditions, like tissue injury (ulcers, wounds) or tissue inflammation (exudative dermatitis), and also underlying disorders (such as poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or cancer) are some of the risk factors for secondary infection with S. aureus. In S. aureus-infected primary skin disorders (impetigo, recurrent eczema), 2% mupirocin ointment has proved effective in several clinical trials. S. aureus is responsible for 25% of all burn-wound infections, and burn units could be the point of entry and source of spread of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection outbreaks. Mupirocin (2% ointment) has also proven effective for topical treatment of these infections. Pressure sores develop in 6% of all patients admitted to acute and chronic health care institutions. An average of three aerobic species (including S. aureus) plus one anaerobic species are isolated when infected. Infectious complications are responsible for 60-80% of all intravenous drug user (IVDU) hospital admissions, 5-20% being due to S. aureus infective endocarditis (IE). The origin of IE in IVDUs is probably the skin. Data from a Collaborative Spanish Study of IVDU infectious complications (including more than 10,000 episodes) are discussed.
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PMID:Identifying high risk patients for Staphylococcus aureus infections: skin and soft tissue infections. 860 37

There are over 300 species of bacteria forming populations of several hundred billion in the human oral cavity. The number of bacteria reaches a thousand billion when the mouth is not sufficiently cleaned. Using saliva and gingival crevicular fluid as their main nutrients, these bacteria create their ecological niches on tooth surfaces, gingival crevices, saliva, dorsum linguae, and buccal and pharyngeal mucosa, threatening oral and systemic health. It is known that primary lesions of these chronic bacterial infections secondarily cause nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and dermatitis. Further, it has been demonstrated in recent years that bacteria inhabiting the oral cavity can cause bacterial pneumonia and endocarditis and that the periodontal-disease-associated bacteria become causative agents for pregnancy troubles and are involved in blood circulation problem and coronary heart disease. Dentistry reviewed the theme of World Health Day, Oral Health for a Healthy Life, in 1994. The 8020 campaign to promote tooth care is also becoming established in Japan; however, the authors emphasized that this achievement is not the goal of dental health care. In this article, we explain the bases supporting the concept that oral health care, primarily mouth cleaning, is important for not only oral disease but also a healthy life.
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PMID:Relationships between chronic oral infectious diseases and systemic diseases. 992 2

We report on a 67-year-old female patient who was admitted to our intensive care unit with acute renal failure and severe hypoxemia. Transiently, the patient had to be treated with kidney replacement therapies and artificial ventilation. The actual illness started with general weakness, recurrent bloody diarrhea and intermittent dermatitis of the lower legs. Skin symptoms were initially observed 2 years before the actual clinical findings. The bloody diarrhea was attributed to an inflammatory stenosis of the sigma. The life-threatening clinical aggravation was due to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and alveolitis. In the search for the cause of the systemic disease, both a monoclonal y-globulinemia, causing a cryoglobulinemia type II and an acute cytomegalovirus infection were diagnosed. Additionally, the course of the disease was complicated by a secondary antibody deficiency as well as an endocarditis of the aortic valve caused by Enterococcus faecium. A cryoglobulinemic vasculitis type II was histologically found in biopsy specimen of the kidney. Thus, the present case reports on a coincidence of a monoclonal gammopathy causing a cryoglobulinemia type II with extensive organ involvement and a florid CMV infection. We hypothesize that the CMV infection has triggered the cryoglobulinemia and its particular severe organ involvement.
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PMID:Multi-organ affecting CMV-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. 1706 96

Forty-seven nesting green turtles (Chelonia mydas) were examined for parasitic pathogens. Four species of cardiovascular flukes (Digenea: Spirorchiidae), Learedius learedi, Hapalotrema postorchis, Monticellius indicum and Amphiorchis solus were collected from 39 of 40 of the turtles, and Neospirorchis species were identified in seven of the 47 by histological examination. The pathological changes associated with the spirorchiids and their eggs included aneurysms, arteritis of great vessels with dark nodular thickenings, endocarditis, haemorrhagic lesions, thrombi, vasculitis, and granulomatous reactions in all the turtles. Ozobranchus branchiatus (Hirudinea: Ozobranchidae) leeches were found on the skin of 27 of the 47 turtles and were associated with traumatic purulent and ulcerative dermatitis. Oesophagitis associated with Rameshwarotrema uterocrescens (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) was recorded in 11 of 43 of the turtles. Petechial haemorrhages and unspecific crater-like ulcerated lesions on the gastric mucosa associated with Charaxicephaloides species and Charaxicephalus robustus (Digenea: Pronocephalidae) were observed in four of 40 of the turtles. Cholycystitis and ectasia of mucosal glands associated with Rhytidodoides similis (Digenea: Rhytidodidae) were observed in one of the 47 turtles. Fibropapillomas were observed on the skin of one turtle and fibromas on the skin of two of them.
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PMID:Spirorchiidiosis (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) and lesions associated with parasites in Caribbean green turtles (Chelonia mydas). 1792 40

Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent indicated for invasive aspergillosis, refractory Candida infections, and other emerging invasive fungal infections. Adverse cutaneous reactions associated with voriconazole therapy occur in fewer than 10% of treated patients and range from mild erythematous eruptions to life-threatening reactions such as the Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Photosensitivity reactions are an uncommon but characteristic dermatitis in voriconazole recipients, particularly following chronic administration. We report a case of voriconazole-induced phototoxicity in a 50-year-old male with Candida parapsilosis endocarditis that reversed on discontinuation of the drug.
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PMID:Voriconazole-induced photosensitivity. 1880 50

Infections with rare pathogens are being recognized with increasing frequency in severely immunocompromised patients. As a result of these patients' underlying compromised defenses and susceptibility to atypical organisms, tissue biopsies from patients within this population may demonstrate nonclassical histopathological findings. Here, we describe an unusual granulomatous reaction to gram-positive cocci in the skin of a 52-year-old man undergoing salvage chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. The patient presented with a papular eruption on the arms, trunk, and face and fever; concomitant blood cultures were positive for Rothia mucilaginosa and Streptococcus salivarius. Histologic evaluation revealed a granulomatous dermatitis associated with numerous small, round, predominantly intracellular bacteria. Classically, cutaneous infiltrates associated with coccoid bacterial infections are suppurative and not granulomatous. The intracellular organisms stained positive for Gram, periodic acid-Schiff, and Grocott methenamine silver stains, suggestive of R. mucilaginosa. Rothia mucilaginosa, a component of the oral flora, was first reported as a human pathogen in 1978. Although the majority of cases in the literature have described R. mucilaginosa bacteremia, other reported manifestations include meningitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, and peritonitis. To our knowledge, however, only 1 prior report has described a cutaneous manifestation of R. mucilaginosa septicemia, which occurred in a patient with neutropenia. This is the second reported case of an infectious granulomatous dermatitis associated with R. mucilaginosa bacteremia and raises awareness of this unusual histopathological presentation in the setting of a bacterial infection affecting the skin.
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PMID:Infectious granulomatous dermatitis associated with Rothia mucilaginosa bacteremia: A case report. 1994 Jul 46

Gonococcal infection is a common sexually-transmitted infection in the older male population in our local setting. It is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and results in fever, dysuria and a foul-smelling discharge from the external urethral meatus. Occasionally, it may also present with disseminated gonococcal infection - dermatitis, septic arthritis and even meningitis or endocarditis. We present two unusual cases, where the primary presentation was that of multiple subcutaneous hand and wrist abscesses. This illustrates the need for competent history-taking, especially in culture-negative patients. We also recommend the use of gonococcal polymerase chain reaction tests in patients who demonstrate negative routine cultures, or in lieu of gonococcal culture when the diagnosis is equivocal or urgently required.
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PMID:Culture-negative hand abscesses in immunocompetent individuals. 2233


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