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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a demographic study, the black Ohio residents were characterized by those born in Ohio and those born in other regions of the United States, and comparisons were made of rates for all deaths (1960-1967) for coronary heart disease (420), endocarditis and myocardial degeneration (421-422), hypertensive cardiovascular diseases (440-447), cerebrovascular diseases (300-334), cardiovascular diseases (400-468), and total diseases of the cardiovascular system (300-334) (400-468). The division of the total United States-born Ohio residents by region of birth provided marked differences in the age-adjusted rates in the relative comparisons. The black males and females born in the South had a markedly higher age-adjusted death rate (ages 45 to 64) than those born in Ohio in each of the categories of cardiovascular diseases studied. For coronary heart disease, the age-adjusted death rate for the black males showed a marked excess over the black females, for each region of birth, whereas for hypertensive cardiovascular diseases the black males and females had similar age-adjusted rates for each region of birth. The findings indicate a carry-over among the black of a higher cardiovascular risk among those born in the South and lend support to the concept of the influence of the endemic factors in the early years of life. In the prospective study of black steelworkers, it was observed that migrant and nonmigrant workers had approximately the same mortality for cardiovascular disease overall, and when specific work areas were considered. Selective factors of employment, of medical screening, and capability of continued employment in strenuous environments, were considered the most likely basis for the similar mortality experience.
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PMID:Heart disease mortality among black migrants: a study of Ohio residents (1960-1967). 116 30

SLE affects most aspects of cardiac function, and recent studies have reported increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pathologically, SLE is characterized by a pancarditis involving pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, and coronary arteries. In autopsy series, pericarditis has been found in 43% to 100% (mean 62%, Table I), and myocarditis was found in 8% to 78% (mean 40%, Table II), but both have been underdiagnosed clinically. Libman-Sacks lesions have been noted in 25% to 100% (mean 43%) and infective endocarditis in 1.1% to 4.9% of clinical and autopsy studies (Table III). Coronary disease may be due to arteritis, which should be treated with high-dose steroids, or it may be due to atherosclerosis, which is amenable to medical or surgical therapy. Valvular disease has been treated surgically, but with a combined surgical mortality as high as 25%. Aortic insufficiency and mitral regurgitation are the most common valvular problems, although aortic and mitral stenosis have also been reported. Hypertension has been noted in 14% to 69%, and heart failure in 5% to 44%. Evidence for a lupus cardiomyopathy, which may be subclinical, is reviewed. While steroids may ameliorate SLE pancarditis, they have also been associated with hypertension, LV hypertrophy, purulent and constrictive pericarditis, mitral regurgitation, and perhaps accelerated atherosclerosis. It remains to be seen if improved diagnosis and treatment of the cardiovascular manifestations of SLE can enhance survival.
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PMID:Cardiovascular manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. 390 17

Fifty-eight patients with chordal ruptures of the mitral valve were examined. The main echocardiographic signs of chordal ruptures of the anterior and posterior mitral cusp were described. The authors provide the results of the use of two-dimensional echocardiography for diagnosing chordal ruptures of the mitral valve depending on the etiological factor of chordal pathology (mesenchymal abnormalities, rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, coronary heart disease).
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PMID:[Chordal rupture syndrome of the mitral valve]. 401 31

The surgical treatment of acute heart failure is limited to cases of pressure or volume overload. Acute valvular regurgitation due to active endocarditis or to prosthetic dysfunction is a classic example of failure which can be cured by restoring valvular competence. Acute pressure load is mostly caused by prosthetic dysfunction or pulmonary embolism; therapy is aimed at removal of the causative agent. Coronary heart disease can cause heart failure by volume overload: acute mitral incompetence or ventricular septal defect lend themselves to surgical correction. In the surgical treatment of acute heart failure maximal attention is devoted to optimal timing of surgery, anesthetic management and postoperative care. Careful attention to the function of the right and left ventricle and combination of catecholamines, afterload reducing agents and volume loading together with respirator support have considerably improved the surgical results. Acute pump failure due to coronary insufficiency and infarction is less amenable to surgical treatment, with rare exceptions of emergencies during coronary angiography and percutaneous dilatation. The intra-aortic balloon pump is the only method of mechanical circulatory assistance which has reached widespread clinical acceptance. The best results are achieved in conjunction with surgery: either as cardiac support in inherently reversible postoperative heart failure or as the means of circulatory stabilization prior to surgery. Ventricular assist devices are still in the experimental stage: their use has been sharply curtailed by the virtual disappearance of the postoperative low output syndrome. In selected cases of end-stage cardiomyopathy cardiac transplantation is nowadays performed with acceptable survival (70% at one year after surgery). Both orthotopic and heterotopic transplantation (transplanted heart in parallel with the natural one) give comparable results, but the procedure is still very restricted due to the lack of donors, multiple contraindications and lack of suitable heart preservation techniques.
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PMID:Surgical and mechanical support of the failing heart. 622 Aug 97

To assess the reliability of M-mode echocardiographic patterns of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) (echo MVP) in detection of morphologic evidence of MVP (morphologic MVP), operatively excised mitral valves and corresponding M-mode echocardiograms from 65 patients with chronic, severe, isolated, pure mitral regurgitation (MR) were studied. Of the 65 patients, 45 (69%) had echo MVP (either holosystolic or mid-to-late systolic prolapse patterns on preoperative M-mode echograms) and 42 (93%) of them had morphologic MVP; of the 3 without morphologic MVP, 2 had ruptured chordae tendineae from infective endocarditis and 1 had papillary muscle dysfunction from atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. Of the 20 patients without echo MVP, 14 (70%) had no morphologic MVP (9 had papillary muscle dysfunction from coronary heart disease, 4 had infective endocarditis on previous normal valves and 1 had rheumatic heart disease). Of the 48 patients with morphologic MVP, 42 (88%) had echo MVP and most had considerably dilated mitral anulae; the other 6 had ruptured chordae tendineae with less degrees of anular dilatation. Of the 17 patients without morphologic MVP, 3 had echo MVP (coronary artery disease in 1 and infective endocarditis on a previous normal valve in 2); of the 14 with neither echo nor morphologic MVP, 9 had papillary muscle dysfunction from coronary artery disease, 4 had infective endocarditis on previously normal valves and 1 had rheumatic heart disease. The patients with very dilated mitral anuli and leaflet areas generally had holosystolic (hammocking) patterns on echo; the patients with small anuli and leaflet areas usually had mid-to-late systolic (buckling) prolapse patterns.
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PMID:Frequency and significance of M-mode echocardiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse in clinically isolated pure mitral regurgitation: analysis of 65 patients having mitral valve replacement. 669 Dec 50

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) now is a commonly recognized syndrome with an apparent prevalence of approximately 4-6%. It appears to occur more frequently in females and occasionally it is familial. In most instances, the syndrome is idiopathic, although it occurs in association with many other conditions, particularly Marfan's syndrome, rheumatic heart disease, coronary heart disease, congestive cardiomyopathy, ostium secundum atrial septal defect, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or abnormalities of the thoracic cage. The majority of patients with the syndrome have minimal, if any, symptoms and have a benign course. When symptoms do occur, more frequently they are palpitations, chest pain, dyspnea on exertion or fatigue. Neuropsychiatric symptoms or even transient ischemic episodes may occur rarely. Very rarely, complications such as severe mitral regurgitation, arrhythmias or infective endocarditis may occur. Characteristically, patients have a midsystolic click, occasionally followed by a systolic murmur. The timing of the click and the onset of the murmur usually is variable, depending on the ventricular volume. The electrocardiogram frequently shows ST-T wave changes. The diagnosis usually can be confirmed by echocardiography or left ventricular angiography. Most patients with MVP require no treatment other than reassurance. If a systolic murmur is present, prophylaxis against infective endocarditis during dental work probably is useful. Patients with palpitations or chest pain usually respond well to treatment with propranolol. Patients with progressive severe mitral regurgitation require mitral valve replacement.
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PMID:Mitral valve prolapse. 699 66

Within a period of three months indications and diagnostic as well as therapeutic consequences of all echocardiographic studies were investigated in a middle-size hospital. 174 of a total of 188 examinations were usable. Most examinations were performed in order to detect or to verify left-ventricular failure or coronary heart disease. The diagnostic and therapeutic consequences were enormous; more than 90% of all pathological findings were listed as diagnoses in the final medical report. In terms of valvular heart disease, pericardial effusion and left-ventricular failure the echocardiographic study was most essential for diagnosis. In contrast most normal findings were seen with suspicion of coronary heart disease. Changes in medication or new prescription of oral anticoagulation, ACE inhibitors and beta-adrenergic antagonists were significantly related to the therapeutic recommendations of the echocardiographic studies. The recommendations concerning antibiotic prophylaxis of endocarditis or further diagnostic investigation were respected with few exceptions. Obviously little conclusion could be drawn from a normal echocardiographic study; a well-established indication is essential for the benefit of echocardiography.
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PMID:[Indications for, diagnostic conclusions and therapeutic consequences of echocardiography. Studies in a medium-sized hospital]. 772 53

In a group of 140 patients undergoing operation for acute infectious endocarditis in an 8-year period, the value of preoperative diagnostic procedures was analyzed in a retrospective study. Echocardiography was sufficient to establish the diagnosis in each case, angiography did not add any information about the endocarditis, but detected severe coronary heart disease in 19 patients. Abdominal sonography is mandatory to exclude intestinal foci, while CT scan of the brain only has to be performed in patients with neurologic deficits.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of acute endocarditis--which preoperative diagnosis does the surgeon need?]. 957 31

Analysis of the data from 7188 cases seen in the 1980s two general hospitals in Shanghai and comparison of the data with those in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s revealed that the percentage of heart diseases among the inpatients in medical wards increased in each decades, from 9.89%, 15.69% 20.91% to 23.54% respectively. The constituent ratios of different etiologic types of heart diseases changed. Coronary heart disease constituted the largest proportion, next in number was rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease was in the third place. The incidence of congenital heart diseases, myocarditis, cardiac dysrhythmias without organic heart diseases, cardiomyopathy and endocarditis increased and that of rheumatic heart disease, pulmonary heart disease and hypertensive heart disease apparently decreased, syphilitic heart disease was rarely encountered.
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PMID:[The trend of changes in etiologic types of heart diseases in Shanghai from 1948 to 1989]. 959 15

There are over 300 species of bacteria forming populations of several hundred billion in the human oral cavity. The number of bacteria reaches a thousand billion when the mouth is not sufficiently cleaned. Using saliva and gingival crevicular fluid as their main nutrients, these bacteria create their ecological niches on tooth surfaces, gingival crevices, saliva, dorsum linguae, and buccal and pharyngeal mucosa, threatening oral and systemic health. It is known that primary lesions of these chronic bacterial infections secondarily cause nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and dermatitis. Further, it has been demonstrated in recent years that bacteria inhabiting the oral cavity can cause bacterial pneumonia and endocarditis and that the periodontal-disease-associated bacteria become causative agents for pregnancy troubles and are involved in blood circulation problem and coronary heart disease. Dentistry reviewed the theme of World Health Day, Oral Health for a Healthy Life, in 1994. The 8020 campaign to promote tooth care is also becoming established in Japan; however, the authors emphasized that this achievement is not the goal of dental health care. In this article, we explain the bases supporting the concept that oral health care, primarily mouth cleaning, is important for not only oral disease but also a healthy life.
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PMID:Relationships between chronic oral infectious diseases and systemic diseases. 992 2


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