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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Factors predictive of a fatal outcome were retrospectively studied in 248 patients admitted with Staphylococcus aureus septicemia during 1965-1982, 78 of whom had endocarditis. 77 patients were intravenous drug addicts and 47 of them had endocarditis. 48 patients (19.4%) died. The fatality rate in addicts and non-addicts from septicemia was 0% and 17.9% and from endocarditis 8.5% and 61.3%, respectively. After analyzing clinical and laboratory data available early in the course of the disease 4 risk factors were found both in septicemia and endocarditis: age greater than or equal to 60 yr, pre-existing cardiovascular disease, prior hospitalization within 30 days of onset of illness, and neurological symptoms and/or signs. In addition, in endocarditis a platelet count before therapy less than 100 X 10(9)/l and left-sided involvement were unfavourable prognostic factors.
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PMID:Unfavourable prognostic factors in Staphylococcus aureus septicemia and endocarditis. 402 35

Neuropathologic examination of an autopsy series of 54 patients of various types of CVD revealed a very high frequency of pathologic changes both in brain parenchyma (in 81%) and vessels (in 78%). A broad but continuous spectrum of primary vascular alterations was observed, ranging from fibrinoid deposits in intact or necrotizing vessel walls to fibrohyalinosis and endothelial proliferations. In acute SLE showing LE cells within brain tissues, immune complex deposits were observed for the first time in brain vessels, in addition to similar deposits in the plexus chorioideus and in hematoxylin bodies. Secondary complications are frequently affecting the brain in CVD; they are mainly sequels of systemic atherosclerosis, hypertension, thromboemboli from SLE endocarditis, cardiac, hepatic or renal dysfunctions, or infections and should be clinically differentiated from primary brain involvement in CVD to ensure the appropriate therapeutic measures.
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PMID:Brain pathology in the collagen vascular diseases. 611 36

We reviewed records of 378 patients who died after cardiac valve replacement and underwent autopsy at The Methodist Hospital, Houston, from 1962 through 1979. Patients were divided according to postoperative interval at death: within 30 days (early) or 30 days to ten years (late). Early deaths (279 patients) were due almost exclusively to cardiovascular abnormalities or operative complications (94%). Only 6% of early deaths were caused by prosthesis-associated complications. In contrast, late deaths (99 patients) were valve related in 47% of cases, including complete thrombotic occlusion or systemic thromboembolism (21%), prosthetic valve endocarditis (14%), valve dehiscence (6%), anticoagulation-related hemorrhage (3%), and mechanical degeneration (2%). Nine percent of late deaths were unrelated to cardiovascular disease. Thus, while early deaths primarily reflected the severity of preexisting or associated cardiovascular disease, prosthesis-associated complications were an important cause of late death after cardiac valve replacement.
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PMID:Autopsy-determined causes of death after cardiac valve replacement. 682 42

The medical literature reports 32 women affected by the Marfan syndrome who had at least one pregnancy; 16 died of and four survived acute aortic dissection. Most of the women who suffered an aortic complication in association with pregnancy had pre-existing aortic regurgitation, aortic root dilatation or other severe cardiovascular problem. Because women with the Marfan syndrome usually desire children, our clinic records were reviewed and patients were contacted to determine a more representative estimate of maternal risks. The pregnancy histories of women with the Marfan syndrome were compared with those of spouses of men with the Marfan syndrome and those of mothers of a sporadic (new mutation) child with the Marfan syndrome. One of 26 women with the Marfan syndrome died shortly after pregnancy of endocarditis; she was the only woman to have a severe, pre-existing cardiovascular condition. The prevalences of milder pregnancy-associated cardiovascular and general complications did not differ among the study groups. The rate of early spontaneous abortion was higher in women with the Marfan syndrome than in either control group. These results suggest the risk of maternal death is low in women with the Marfan syndrome who have minimal cardiovascular disease. Women with the Marfan syndrome should be counseled regarding pregnancy risks only after review of their cardiovascular status, including an echocardiographically determined aortic root diameter.
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PMID:Maternal and fetal complications of pregnancy in the Marfan syndrome. 730 50

Demographic trends indicate that dentists will be treating more dentate geriatric patients, many of whom will be medically compromised. This article emphasizes the effect advancing age may have on the identification and management of common medical problems. In particular, cardiovascular disease, (ischemic heart disease, hypertension, prevention of infective endocarditis), diabetes, and arthritis (prosthetic joints) were reviewed. The prevalence of all these diseases increases with age and many geriatric patients have undiagnosed cardiac disease or diabetes. Knowledge of the pathophysiology of these common systemic diseases will be increasingly important to dentists in the future.
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PMID:Managing the medically compromised geriatric patient. 784 51

This is one of a series of statements discussing the practice of gastrointestinal endoscopy in common clinical situations. It is intended to aid endoscopists in determining the appropriate use of antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. Guidelines for the appropriate practice of endoscopy are based on a critical review of the available data and expert consensus. Controlled clinical studies are needed to clarify aspects of this statement, and revision may be necessary as new data appear. Clinical consideration may justify a course of action at variance from these recommendations. Recommendations on prophylaxis against infective endocarditis were developed in conjunction with the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis and Kawasaki Disease of the Council of Cardiovascular Disease in the Young of the American Heart Association.
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PMID:Antibiotic prophylaxis for gastrointestinal endoscopy. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 867 48

From 1966 to 1989 a total of 1,830 cases of bacterial meningitis were recorded at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark. Staphylococcus aureus meningitis accounted for 44 (2.4%) of these cases. Among these, 28 cases were classified as community-acquired S. aureus meningitis. The mortality rate for these cases was 43%. A retrospective study of clinical features and parameters in these community-acquired cases showed the following conditions to be associated with a high mortality risk: advanced age, an underlying condition requiring artificial ventilation, cardiovascular disease and immune deficiencies. At admission, more than 75% of the patients had fever, nuchal rigidity and decreased consciousness. In 57% of cases the focus for the S. aureus infection was endocarditis, pneumonia or skin infections. All the patients had complications due to the meningitis, the major one being insufficient respiration. Autopsy performed in 9 of the 12 fatalities showed endocarditis in 5, pneumonia in 4, and pyelonephritis in 2. All of the brains examined at autopsy showed cerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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PMID:Staphylococcus aureus meningitis: a review of 28 consecutive community-acquired cases. 868 35

The relation between cocaine use and cardiovascular disease has been well documented including coronary artery vasoconstriction, coronary thrombosis, accelerated atherosclerosis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies and endocarditis. Cocaine use has reached epidemic proportions. Cocaine is the most commonly abused drug among young patients. We report the case of a 32-year-old male admitted to the emergency department with myocardial infarction secondary to an overdose of cocaine.
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PMID:[Acute myocardial infarction occurring in a young man due to crack use]. 918 11

This paper on periodontal disease as a potential risk factor for systemic diseases was prepared by the Research, Science and Therapy Committee of The American Academy of Periodontology. It is intended to provide information regarding the role of periodontal disease in systemic diseases, including bacteremia, infective endocarditis, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, prosthetic device infection, diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases, and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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PMID:Position paper of The American Academy of Periodontology: periodontal disease as a potential risk factor for systemic diseases. 970 64

In 1997, the American Heart Association updated recommendations for the prevention of sub-acute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) or infective endocarditis (IE) occurring in the pediatric population with congenital heart disease (Dajani, et al., 1997). Although uncommon, endocarditis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children with cardiovascular disease, which constitutes the primary population at risk. Through comprehensive discharge planning and teaching, the advanced practice nurse (APN) and the pediatric cardiovascular nurse may contribute significantly toward preventing IE in this population. Nursing's role and responsibility is to convey the appropriate information to patients, families, and the staff who care for children with heart disease.
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PMID:Prevention of infective endocarditis in the pediatric congenital heart population. 998 18


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