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Query: UMLS:C0014118 (endocarditis)
 15,629 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute Coxiella burnetii infection is most commonly a mild and self-limiting disease with fever, pneumonia and hepatitis. Endocarditis is the most frequent clinical presentation of chronic infection. We report a 2-year-old child with Q fever who presented with acute pericarditis and cardiac tamponade and who developed a chronic hepatic infection.
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PMID:Acute Q fever pericarditis followed by chronic hepatitis in a two-year-old girl. 1223 9

We present here a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (M2) who developed fatal infective endocarditis. On admission, the patient (67-year-old male) had mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation. Complete remission was achieved after induction chemotherapy. During the course of consolidation therapy, he developed sepsis caused by coagulase-negative staphylococcus, which was successfully treated with antibiotics. Thereafter, blood culture yielded multidrug-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis. An echocardiogram revealed mitral valve regurgitation with vegetation. He was diagnosed as having infectious endocarditis. In spite of prolonged antibiotic therapy, destruction of the mitral valve progressed, and the patient underwent valve replacement therapy. He died of cardiac tamponade 5 days after the surgery.
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PMID:[Acute myeloid leukemia with infective endocarditis]. 1241 86

Major surgical complications following open cardiac procedures via median sternotomy are infrequent but potentially devastating events. We report on a unique, fatal complication of median sternotomy. A 44-year-old woman underwent mitral valve replacement for endocarditis related to intravenous drug abuse. Twenty days after the surgery, she presented to the emergency department in acute distress, and died of cardiac tamponade soon after admission. Postmortem examination revealed a defect in the right ventricular wall caused by a bone fragment resulting from the median sternotomy.
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PMID:Unusual complication of sternotomy: bone fragment induced right ventricular rupture after mitral valve replacement surgery. 1258 88

The manifestation of cardiac involvement in the course of HIV infection has been significantly changed since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. While in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy era the predominant cardiac pathology was represented by localization of opportunistic infection, now new forms of heart involvement are described. Among infectious agents, viruses and bacteria caused the majority of infections. The 'classic' opportunistic agents, such as Toxoplasma, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, cytomegalovirus and Cryptococcus, have virtually disappeared. Endocarditis is still the most frequent infectious disease of the heart in HIV-infected patients, occurring mainly in drug users, and with the improvement in prognosis, the need for cardiac surgery is increasing. Tuberculosis, the incidence of which is still high in poor resources settings where antiretroviral drugs are not available, is a frequent cause of pericarditis, frequently evolving into cardiac tamponade. Recent studies suggest the direct role of HIV as the cause of myocarditis and heart vessel pathology. This finding points out the need of improving our knowledge about the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this kind of complication.
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PMID:Overview on the incidence and the characteristics of HIV-related opportunistic infections and neoplasms of the heart: impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy. 1287 May 35

A 46-year-old female with alcoholic liver dysfunction was admitted for mitral regurgitation due to infective endocarditis. She underwent mitral valvuloplasty and resection of the vegetation without complication. After removal of the chest tube, late cardiac tamponade occurred and subsequently recurred. On the 64th day after mitral valvuloplasty, we performed redo median sternotomy with small laparotomy trying to reveal and repair injured lymphatic vessels in the pericardial space and successfully cured the leakage of lymph. The post reoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged 20 days after reoperation. We review a rare complication of recurrent cardiac tamponade of lymphatic leakage associated with liver dysfunction.
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PMID:Lymphatic cardiac tamponade after open-heart surgery with liver dysfunction. 1471 22

Acute heart failure is always an indication for referral to an intensive care unit. In the widest sense, the term acute heart failure includes the manifestation forms of pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock or rapid-onset decompensated cardiac insufficiency unaccompanied by shock or pulmonary edema (low-output syndrome). Acute heart failure may occur in the absence of previously known heart disease. Existing prior specific diseases that may end in acute cardiac insufficiency include acute myocardial infarction, decompensated cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, cardiac tamponade, endocarditis or arrhythmogenic heart failure.
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PMID:[Acute heart failure]. 1537 19

A 65 year-old woman was admitted to our hospital, because of unconsciousness after chest and back pain. Echocardiography showed pericardial effusion. She suffered from pre-shock due to cardiac tamponade. Although a cause of cardiac tamponade was unclear, we performed emergency surgical treatment without coronary angiography. In operation, we found a rupture of coronary arteriovenous fistula and repaired it. The patient recovered from the surgery uneventfully. Coronary artery fistula is an abnormal communication between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or major vessel. It is the most common congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries. Many patients with these anomalies remain asymptomatic, but some patients develop symptoms of congestive heart failure, infective endocarditis, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, or rupture of an aneurismal fistula. Usually, the dilatation of fistula is common, and although 19% of this may become aneurysmal, the rupture of the aneurysm is very rare. We report a case of ruptured coronary arteriovenous fistula who underwent successful emergent surgery.
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PMID:Successful surgical treatment of rupture of coronary arteriovenous fistula with unconsciousness after chest and back pain. 1603 Apr 79

Transesophageal echocardiography provides unique diagnostic capabilities, allowing for a very precise look at the structure and hemodynamics of the human heart. It is minimally invasive and portable, and quickly diagnoses sudden hemodynamic changes in intensive care patients. It provides invaluable and precise information about myocardial dysfunction and intracardiac volume status. It can diagnose dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction, infrequent but serious complication of aortic valve replacement, septal myectomy, or mitral valve repair. Transesophageal echocardiography examination can exclude cardiac tamponade and intracardiac source of embolization, and it offers the ability to visualize native or prosthetic valves and assesses their function in the postoperative period. It is helpful in diagnosing endocarditis and the presence of intracardiac masses. In the diagnosis of blunt chest trauma, transesophageal echocardiography offers a fast and safe look at ascending and descending aorta and pericardial effusion, facilitating future decisions about patient management. In patients with postoperative hypoxia, it can exclude intracardiac shunt. Finally, in heart transplants or in managing patients with mechanical heart assist devices, transesophageal echocardiography is an invaluable tool in assessing progress of treatment and complications arising from the procedures. With the introduction of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography probes, technology, and experienced personnel, transesophageal echocardiography becomes the extension of the physical examination in the intensive care unit. This example is one of only a few whereby technology brings the physician closer to the patient.
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PMID:Transesophageal echocardiography in the intensive care unit. 1695 43

Infection of pacing and cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implants is associated with high morbidity and mortality. To report a single center experience of extracted leads, we analyzed 42 (11 ICDs and 31 pacemakers) that had been extracted using laser sheath technology at Charleston Area Medical Center between November 2000 and September 2003. The indications for extractions were infection in 48% of the patients (n = 13) and lead malfunction in 52% (n = 14). In the infection group, 6 patients presented with endocarditis and 7 with pocket erosion and/or infection. Mean patient age was 69.5 years (range 46-96) and mean duration of lead implantation was 68.3 months (range 4-149). Complications with lead extraction occurred in 15% (n = 4); 1 patient had bleeding from right subclavian vein (RSCV); 1 patient had right ventricle perforation; and 2 patients developed cardiac tamponade. One patient with tamponade died despite emergency surgery. During a follow up of at least 8 months (range 8-42), 19% (n = 5) and 7% (n = 2) deaths occurred in the lead malfunction and infection groups respectively. This study shows that extraction is effective in treating pacemaker or ICD infections, but with a significant complication rate.
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PMID:Laser extraction of infected pacemaker and ICD leads: early experience at Charleston Area Medical Center. 1697 32

This report describes a 92-year-old woman patient with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). She seems to be the oldest patient with PDA hitherto reported in the medical history. She developed infective endocarditis (IE) and congestive heart failure, and died at the age of 92. At autopsy, the PDA was found to the left of the origin of the left subclavian artery. Both left and right ventricles were hypertrophied with markedly dilated pulmonary arteries. IE involving the aortic valve extended to the sinus of Valsalva and pericardium, inducing pericarditis and cardiac tamponade. IE also resulted in systemic septic embolization.
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PMID:Patent ductus arteriosus with infective endocarditis at age 92. 1827 27


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