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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Akabane disease, an infectious disorder causing congenital abnormalities in calves, was studied in naturally affected calves between 1972 and 1974 in Japan. The animals included one three-month fetus from which a strain of Akabane virus (OBE-1) was isolated, and a total of 177 stillborn or premature fetuses and deformed or infirm newborn calves that died within a few days of birth. The three-month fetus had nonpurulent encephalomyelitis in the undifferentiated central nervous system, characterized by necrosis of the nerve tissue and endothelial proliferation in the encephalitic process; and polymyositis in the myotubule phase with parenchymal degeneration and cellular infiltrates in the skeletal muscle. The full-term fetuses and newborn calves had nonpurulent encephalomyelitis in the early stage of the epizootic. In the middle to late stages, a dysplastic muscular change which we call runt-muscle disease was seen simultaneously with a decrease in number of ventral horn neurons in the spinal cord and arthrogryposis in the legs. Cystic cavities and thick vascular walls sometimes were seen in the central nervous system in these stages. Hydranencephaly was prominent in the late stage.
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PMID:Akabane disease in cattle: congenital abnormalities caused by viral infection. Spontaneous disease. 720 Feb 78

Nonpurulent encephalomyelitis and polymyositis were primary lesions of cattle and goats experimentally infected with Akabane virus. Two caprine fetuses, two months old, were infected placentally and examined 11 days after inoculation; twin caprine fetuses, three months old, were inoculated intramuscularly through the dam's uterus and examined nine days after inoculation. Both lesions were seen in each fetus. Reactive proliferation of immature endothelial cells was a significant encephalitic change. Myositic changes included parenchymal degeneration and cell infiltration in fetuses in the myotubule phase and the beginning of the myofiber phase. Only nonpurulent encephalomyelitis was seen in six calves 14 days to one year old, inoculated intracerebrally and examined six to 47 days after inoculation. Nerve-cell degeneration, neurological mobilization, and perivascular cuffs were typical encephalitic changes in the calves. Five fetuses were infected transplacentally and had polymyositis alone. The four bovine fetuses, two to six months old, were examined nine to 18 days after inoculation, and one caprine fetus, one month old, was examined 11 days after inoculation. Neither encephalomyelitis nor polymyositis was seen in four calves under one year old that were inoculated intravenously.
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PMID:Akabane disease in cattle: congenital abnormalities caused by viral infection. Experimental disease. 720 Feb 79