Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spinal cord distribution spaces of 3H-mannitol (M.W. 182) were measured to compare the effects of both total-body gamma irradiation and local (spinal cord) x-irradiation on the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Single doses of 700R, 500R, 300R, 200R and 100R total body gamma irradiation, administered 6-8 days after EAE induction, appeared to delay the onset, reduce the severity, and hasten recovery of the disease. The magnitude of this effect was approximately prportional to the administered radiation dose. A single 1000R x-irradiation dose, delivered to a 1 x 2cm area in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord 7 or 10 days after induction appeared to increase the severity of EAE. Mannitol distribution spaces were mildly elevated in the thoracic regions and significantly elevated in the lumbar spinal cords of cord-irradiated animals. A marked exacerbation of the disease was observed in cord-irradiated rats treated with 5000R, administered over a period of 5 days. Rats progressively lost weight during the normal course of EAE, and a simultaneous increase in wet weights of the spinal cords was seen. Slight changes in these two parameters were observed in cord-irradiated, but not in total-body irradiated animals.
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PMID:A comparison of total body and local spinal cord irradiation in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. 83 17

This study investigated the clinical manifestations and outcomes of central nervous system (CNS) infection by enteroviruses. Cases with CNS involvement among all enterovirus-culture-positive cases from January 1995 to June 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Among 1028 enterovirus-culture-positive cases, there were 333 cases involving the CNS. Of these, the ratio of male to female subjects was 1.78, and the mean (+/- standard deviation) age was 6.83 +/- 5.9 years; 21 were premature neonates, and 10 failed to thrive. Disease entities included 282 cases of aseptic meningitis (84.7%), 44 cases of encephalitis (13.2%), and 7 cases of encephalomyelitis/polio-like syndrome (2.1%). Of these cases, 97.9% (326/333) had fever with peak body temperature at 38.9 degrees C, 85% had headache and vomiting, 70% had meningeal signs, 64% had neck stiffness, 16.6% (55/333) had change of consciousness, 5.4% (18/333) had seizures and 5.2% (17/333) had myoclonic jerks. Mannitol was administered in 77.2% of patients (257/333), along with intravenous immunoglobulin in 6.6% (22/333). Twelve cases received ventilator support. One patient died of hand-foot-and-mouth disease, encephalitis plus cardiopulmonary failure, and 2 premature neonates died of hepatic failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, sepsis-like syndrome and myocarditis. Eighteen had neurologic sequelae, including 7 with limb weakness, 5 with epilepsy, 2 with sixth cranial nerve palsy, 3 with cerebral palsy, 4 with psychomotor retardation, 2 with spasticity, and 1 with hearing loss. Factors associated with unfavorable outcomes (death or sequelae) included younger age (p=0.0003), higher peak white blood cell count (WBC) [p=0.0009] and skin rash (p=0.005). Younger age and higher peak WBC were poor prognostic factors of severe enterovirus CNS infection. Death was related to neonatal enterovirus infection and enterovirus 71 infection in young children.
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PMID:Clinical features and factors of unfavorable outcomes for non-polio enterovirus infection of the central nervous system in northern Taiwan, 1994-2003. 1634 42