Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The therapeutic effects of mercaptopurine (6-mercaptopurine, 6-MP) and a silylated derivative (6-trimethylsilylthio-9-trimethyl-silylpurine, S-MP) were compared on the course of T lymphocyte line mediated experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (t-EAE). This transferred EAE is a passively induced model disease in Lewis rats easy to elicit, reliably reproducible and characterized by a dose-dependent lethality. If given at different points in single injections the silicon derivative is shown to be more efficient than 6-MP (43/125 surviving animals compared to 26/129), severity of disease is attenuated and number of survivors increased. Silylation is able to improve blood-brain barrier and cellular permeability; S-MP suppresses intrathecal inflammatory cells more effectively than the original immunosuppressant.
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PMID:[Mercaptopurine and silylated mercaptopurine the treatment of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis]. 234 4

Treatment with cyclosporin A, from the time of virus infection, suppressed inflammation and demyelination in the spinal cord of SJL/J or ASW(H-2s) mice persistently infected with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus. Demyelination was not decreased if treatment was given after inflammation was established. The decrease was independent of serum titers of immunoglobulin G to purified viral antigen but did correlate with decreased proliferation of T lymphocytes to virus and myelin antigens. Silica quartz dust, a direct toxin of macrophages, suppressed demyelination and inflammation if begun at time of virus infection. No therapeutic effect was seen with inhibitors of plasminogen activators or other neutral proteases found primarily in macrophages.
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PMID:Effect of cyclosporin A, silica quartz dust, and protease inhibitors on virus-induced demyelination. 302 45

Carbonyl iron and several other particulate materials have been reported to enhance the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis when injected with neural antigen. In the present work, silicon and silica powders have been added to the list of particulate adjuvants. In addition, several particulate materials, but not carbonyl iron, were effective adjuvants when inoculated four weeks or even six months before the neural antigen. It was necessary for adjuvant and antigen to be injected in the same region, but both intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes were effective. The long-lasting adjuvanticity of certain particulates in the tissues is probably related to their bland and unabsorbable nature. The reasons for restrictions in the range of adjuvants and antigens that are effective in this system and the possibility of a similar occurrence in nature remain to be investigated.
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PMID:Enhancement of allergic encephalomyelitis by particulate adjuvants inoculated long before antigen. 624 3

(1) Background: Dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of D. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) Methods: A total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (B1-B4) from 10 Hy-Line Brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer farm. The flock was naturally infested with D. gallinae and treated twice with Biobeck PA 910 (AI silicon dioxide). The samples were collected before and after each treatment. The percentages of IgM+ B cells, CD3+/CD4+ T cells and CD3+/CD8a+ T cells were determined by flow cytometry; the titres of antibodies against avian encephalomyelitis, infectious bronchitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, reticuloendotheliosis virus and avian reovirus were determined by the immunoenzymatic method. (3) Results: The percentage of Th cells and post-vaccination anti-IBV and anti-NDV antibodies decreased significantly at the second infestation peak when the number of parasites was twice higher than at the first infestation peak. Non-significant negative correlations were found between the number of mites and the percentage of B cells (R = -0.845, p > 0.05) and between the number of mites and the percentage of Th cells (R = -0.522, p > 0.05), and a significant positive correlation was noted between the number of mites and the percentage of Tc cells (R = -0.982, p < 0.05). There were non-significant correlations between the number of mites and antibody titres. (4) Conclusion: The present findings suggested that D. gallinae might inhibit immune responses since the percentages of B cells and Th cells were negatively correlated with the number of mites. The percentage of Tc cells was positively correlated with the number of mites, which indicated that D. gallinae could stimulate cellular immune responses in infested laying hens. However, further research is needed to determine whether D. gallinae suppresses the production of vaccine-induced antibodies.
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PMID:Changes in the Percentages of B- and T-Lymphocytes and Antibody Titres in Laying Hens Infested with Dermanyssus gallinae-A Preliminary Study. 3251 4