Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To compare distributions of oligodendroglial myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and myelin basic protein (BP) during demyelination in acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Lewis rats were sensitized with an emulsion containing guinea pig spinal cord and complete Freund's adjuvant. The rats were examined clinically and groups were perfused with fixative before symptoms appeared (7d), within 48 h of symptom onset (10d) and during more severe illness (14d, 21d). Paraffin sections of cerebrum, brainstem, and spinal cord were immunostained with antisera to MAG and BP. Other sections in each serially mounted series were stained with luxol fast blue, hematoxylin and eosin or with the Bodian method to correlate MAG and BP results with histological changes. No abnormalities were detected 7d after sensitization. After 10d, small perivenular inflammatory cell infiltrates were present in white matter, displaced myelinated fibers, but their MAG stained periaxonal regions and BP-stained myelin sheaths appeared normal. In pontine grey matter lesions, there were focal abnormalities in a few myelin sheaths. After 21d, demyelinating lesions were present that were largest in pontine grey matter. Decreased MAG staining was present in areas of myelin sheath loss. MAG-stained fragments were found in zones of active myelin breakdown but no decrease or other change in MAG staining extended beyond the margins of demyelinating lesions into areas with normally stained myelin sheaths. Thus, in contrast to multiple sclerosis (Itoyama et al. 1980), changes in periaxonal oligodendroglial MAG are not present in acute EAE before inflammatory cell infiltrates or myelin sheath changes appear. Our findings suggest that myelin sheaths are the primary targets in EAE-induced demyelination. Oligodendroglia appear to be relatively unaffected and are available to remyelinate axons.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical study of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and basic protein (BP) in acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). 618 82

The representative areas for examination of the mouse peripheral nervous system are the spinal cord, containing central components of the peripheral nervous system that needs to be examined at least at cervical and lumbar level, the sciatic and the tibial nerve. Skeletal muscle samples should include the soleus muscle and the quadriceps femoris or long digital extensor, as well as the medial gastrocnemius. Examination can be extended to the thoracic spinal cord, lumbar dorsal root ganglia and spinal nerve roots, as well as the plantar nerve, and other areas of interest. Perfusion fixation is considered optimal for the nervous system; however, immersion fixation allows producing microscopic sections of excellent quality as well. Paraffin-embedded, hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections can be made from all areas, save for small nerves such as the tibial or plantar nerve, which are examined with advantage in hard plastic sections. It is possible to produce hard plastic sections also of the vertebral column, including the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia and nerve roots. For special investigations, mice can be fixed in toto, decalcified, embedded and sectioned to reveal the areas of interest. In the mouse peripheral nerves, myelination progresses until the adult age. In aging peripheral nerves there is axonal atrophy, degeneration, nerve fiber loss, increase of collagen and sporadic demyelination, especially radiculoneuropathy. The dorsal root ganglia of untreated control animals show frequent cytoplasmic vacuolation. Axonal degeneration is distally, primary demyelination proximally accentuated. Mouse is not very sensitive to peripheral neurotoxicity: to induce toxic peripheral neuropathy mostly parenteral administration and/or newborn animals are used. Naturally occurring infection affecting the spinal cord and peripheral nerves is Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus inducing acute poliomyelitis or chronic demyelination. Any experimental results are to be assessed taking into account spontaneous, age-related, background changes.
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PMID:Experience with examination of the spinal cord and peripheral nervous system (PNS) in mice: A brief overview. 2486 73