Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of diplopia, dysarthria, difficulty in walking and progressive dysesthesia that developed in his left hand and leg. Brain MRI revealed high signal intensity regions on T2-weighted and FLAIR images of the hippocampus and the corpus amygdaloideum. After admission, the patient's neurological symptoms progressed to delirium and dementia with hallucinations. When he eventually developed severe respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support, brain MRI revealed new high signal intensity regions on T2-weighted images of the medulla oblongata and pons. Chest CT scans showed a mass under the aortic arch, and based on subsequent histopathological examination of a transesophageal endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of the tumor, a diagnosis of small cell lung cancer was made. In addition, anti-Hu antibody was found in the patient's serum, leading to a diagnosis of paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuropathy. One course of chemotherapy (carboplatin + etoposide) was administered; however, the protocol was not completed because the patient developed severe pneumonia. Given that neurological symptoms usually precede a diagnosis of malignancy in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, it is important that these are considered carefully, as they may contribute to early diagnosis and treatment. Here we report a rare case of severe central hypoventilation in paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis/sensory neuropathy.
 ...
PMID:[Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome accompanied by severe central hypoventilation and expression of anti-Hu antibody in a patient with small cell lung cancer]. 1851 96

We herein present two cases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) following vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV). Case 1 experienced diplopia and developed an unstable gait 14 days after a second vaccination of Cervarix. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an isolated small, demyelinating lesion in the pontine tegmentum. Case 2 experienced a fever and limb dysesthesia 16 days after a second vaccination of Gardasil. Brain MRI revealed hyperintense lesion in the pons with slight edema on a T2-weighted image. Both cases resolved completely. It is important to accumulate further data on confirmed cases of ADEM temporally associated with HPV vaccination.
 ...
PMID:Two Cases of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Vaccination Against Human Papilloma Virus. 2780 97

A 26-year-old, otherwise healthy man presented with visual abnormality followed by loss of consciousness and convulsion. The patient then developed headache and fever 14 days later. Brain MRI showed hyperintensities in the left cingulate cortex. The cerrebrospinal fluid examinations showed mononuclear pleocytosis and positive PCR results for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). A diagnosis of HHV-6 encephalitis and symptomatic epilepsy was made. The patient's clinical symptoms improved promptly following acyclovir treatment. However, 3 months later the patient noticed dysesthesia in the trunk, the left upper limb and the right lower limb. Brain and spine MRI showed multiple brain white matter lesions, the middle cerebellar peduncle and cervical spinal lesions. The symptoms resolved following methylprednisolone pulse therapy only. We report an adult patient with HHV-6 encephalitis followed by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis whose initial presentation was epilepsy. HHV-6 encephalitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of encephalitis of unknown etiology in an immunocompetent adult.
 ...
PMID:Human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis followed by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in an immunocompetent adult. 2836 48