Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glatiramer acetate (GA, Copaxone), a standardized mixture of synthetic polypeptides, has now been approved also in Germany for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS). After it had been shown effective in suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), it was evaluated in several clinical studies. In these studies, GA could alter the natural history of MS by both reducing the relapse rate and affecting disability. The clinical therapeutic effect of GA was consistent with the effect on magnetic resonance imaging-defined disease activity and burden in a recent multicenter study. As a daily standard dose, 20 mg of GA is injected subcutaneously. The induction of GA-reactive T-helper 2-like regulatory suppressor cells is thought to be the main mechanism of action. The most common adverse effects are mild injection site reactions. A remarkable but rare adverse effect is the only transient immediate post-injection systemic reaction manifested by flushing, chest tightness, palpitations, and dyspnea. Antibodies to GA which are induced during GA treatment do not interfere with its clinical effects.
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PMID:[Treatment of multiple sclerosis with glatiramer acetate. Current aspects of mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effect profile and clinical studies]. 1204 Sep 79

Autonomic dysreflexia occurs in patients with spinal cord injury, and is characterized by unbalanced sympathetic discharge, precipitated by noxious stimuli from a site below the spinal cord lesion. An 11-year-old boy with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and spinal cord involvement manifested episodes of intense flushing and sweating, confined to the head and neck region, and associated with hypertension and tachycardia. His signs improved after changing a partly blocked bladder catheter. The clinical features suggested autonomic dysreflexia. Early recognition of autonomic dysreflexia is important because removal of the trigger precipitating the event may be life-saving.
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PMID:Autonomic dysreflexia in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. 2296 49