Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 25-year-old women had a fever, left cervical lymphadenopathy, neurological symptoms and signs, CSF pleocytosis and persistent high serum antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); she had a recurrence 1 year later. She was thought to have relapsing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with chronic EBV infection. MRI revealed abnormalities, mainly in the right basal ganglia and left midbrain. At the time of the recurrence, further abnormalities appeared in the opposite basal ganglia and right cerebral white matter.
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PMID:Relapsing acute disseminated encephalomyelitis associated with chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection: MRI findings. 132 29

A patient with atypical manifestations of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) encephalomyelitis is presented. The patient had unusual spinal fluid immunoglobulin abnormalities, the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion, autonomic dysfunction and spinal arachnoiditis. The cisternal CSF, with a very high IgG level (34.3 mg/dl; normal less than 6.1) but a normal albumin content, displayed evidence of massive intrathecal immunoglobulin production. This was further confirmed by the presence of oligoclonal bands. These clinical manifestations have not previously been reported in encephalomyelitis associated with EBV infection.
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PMID:Unusual manifestations of Epstein-Barr virus encephalomyelitis. 184 3

Post-infectious or post-vaccinal demyelinating encephalomyelitis and neuritis may be due to immunological cross-reactions evoked by specific viral antigenic determinants (epitopes) that are homologous to regions in the target myelins of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Such homologies have been found by computer searches in which decapeptides in two human myelin proteins were compared with proteins of viruses known to infect humans. These viruses include measles, Epstein-Barr, influenza A and B, and others that cause upper respiratory infections. Several regions identified in myelin basic protein and P2 protein can be related to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis or neuritis in laboratory animals.
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PMID:Sequence homology between certain viral proteins and proteins related to encephalomyelitis and neuritis. 240 2

Cellular immune reactions against the autoantigen myelin basic protein (MBP) are strongly implicated in the occurrence of postinfectious and postvaccination encephalomyelitis. Clinical autoimmune encephalomyelitis in experimental animals can be transferred with cloned MBP-specific cytolytic major histocompatibility complex Class II-restricted T lymphocytes. The HLA restriction pattern of specific proliferative and cytolytic functions of two human MBP-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones, derived from two different multiple sclerosis patients, was analyzed in detail. Using monoclonal antibodies against various HLA gene products and allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells as antigen-presenting cells and as targets for cytolysis, it was found that MBP-specific functions of the T cell clones was restricted by HLA class II antigens, and, more specifically, by molecules encoded for by DR locus genes.
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PMID:Human myelin basic protein-specific cytolytic T lymphocyte clones are functionally restricted by HLA class II gene products. 246 52

We present a 28-year-old woman with encephalomyelitis and concomitant central nervous system infection by Epstein-Barr virus. Progression took place in 2 phases, with myelitis at the beginning and encephalitis developing later. Despite great functional impairment, recovery was good and the patient was left suffering only from urinary retention that was presumably caused by spinal lesions. The etiology of the case is unusual, particularly in adults.
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PMID:[Encephalomyelitis due to Epstein-Barr virus]. 789 12

Nine Chinese children (four males, five females) in whom serology showed Epstein-Barr virus infection were studied retrospectively. They were from 1.5 to 14 years of age. Various symptoms and signs, including disturbance of consciousness, visual hallucination, cranial neuropathies and sphincter dysfunction, led to initial clinical impressions of encephalitis, encephalomyelitis and neuro-degenerative disease. Electroencephalography showed focal spikes over the frontal, occipital, temporal and parietal areas. The patients underwent brain computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging, and three of them underwent HMPAO SPECT. Eight patients appeared normal neurologically during follow-up, and the single patient who had spastic quadriparesis improved gradually. Though visual hallucination is not a specific presentation, it is a peculiar picture of Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis. Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis seemed to be self-limiting without specific treatment in this group.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis: clinical observations in nine Chinese children. 840 62

The purpose of this project is to investigate the clinical and brain MR characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis and encephalomyelitis. Clinical and 30 MR findings of 29 patients with EBV encephalitis or encephalomyelitis were retrospectively reviewed. Patients included 24 with encephalitis, 3 with encephalomyelitis, and 2 with brain-stem encephalitis. Altered consciousness, seizures, visual hallucination, and acute psychotic reaction were the common presentations. Eight patients had positive MR findings. These included T2 prolongation over gray and white matter, periventricular leukomalacia, and brain atrophy. Transient T2 prolongation over gray and white matter was found in one patient. Our results indicate that EBV encephalitis and encephalomyelitis have a wide range of both clinical and MR findings. The MR lesions may disappear in a short period, so the timing for the MR scan may be critical.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis and encephalomyelitis: MR findings. 878 Nov 16

The MR findings of a clinically severe case of serologically documented Epstein-Barr virus encephalomyelitis are presented, demonstrating hyperintensity on T2-weighted sequences throughout cervical spinal cord, the basal ganglia, and the insular cortex. It is not known whether the preferential involvement of gray matter structures in this case is a typical or unusual feature of this rare entity.
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PMID:Case report. MRI findings of severe Epstein-Barr virus encephalomyelitis. 893 14

A case of encephalomyelitis with polymerase chain reaction detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the CSF, and concurrent serologic changes consistent with acute systemic EBV infection is presented and discussed. We document involvement of the brain, spinal cord, and nerve roots, summarize some unusual imaging findings, and note the evolution of CSF oligoclonal bands.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus encephalomyelitis diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction: detection of the genome in the CSF. 915 72

Infections of the central nervous system by Herpes simplex viruses (Herpes simplex type 1 and Herpes simplex type 2) are uncommon in acquired immune deficiency syndrome and are often clinically and pathologically atypical. We have collected 11 cases of herpes simplex encephalomyelitis in AIDS patients reported in the literature. Only 3 of these cases presented with a typical, necrotizing, limbic encephalitis. Other clinicopathological patterns included ventriculitis, rhombencephalitis and myelitis. Ventriculitis and rhombencephalitis were usually due to infection by HSV-1, whereas myelitis was mostly due to HSV-2 infection. Distinction between the 2 types of virus is often difficult by immunohistochemistry due to frequent cross reactivity and usually requires tissue culture, in situ hybridization, or polymerase chain reaction. Association of HSV encephalomyelitis with productive infection of the central nervous system by the human immunodeficiency virus was only found in one case. In contrast, co-infection with cytomegalovirus was found in 9 of the 11 cases. One case also had had varicella zoster virus vasculitis, and another case also had a cerebral malignant non Hodgkin's lymphoma in which Epstein Barr virus genome was identified. This supports the view that concomitant herpes-virus infections of the central nervous system is a characteristic feature of AIDS.
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PMID:[Central nervous system infection due to Herpes simplex virus in AIDS]. 938 7


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