Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Wild rodents are a potential source for pathogen introduction into laboratory animal research facilities. A study was designed to assess wild mice found at our institution by infectious disease surveillance. Wild white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) were captured with live capture traps placed in areas in which wild mice had been reported in several animal facilities. Captured animals were euthanized by inhalation of CO(2), blood was collected by cardiocentesis (n = 10), and necropsy was performed (n = 8). Serum samples were negative for antibodies to mouse parvovirus (types 1 and 2), mouse minute virus, Sendai virus, pneumonia virus of mice, mouse hepatitis virus, Theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus, reovirus, rotavirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, mouse adenovirus, ectromelia virus, K virus, cilia-associated respiratory bacillus, and Mycoplasma pulmonis. Of the 8 animals that were necropsied, pelt and cecal examinations were negative for ectoparasites and pinworms, respectively. Histopathologic examination of brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, stomach, and small intestine revealed bacteria morphologically compatible with Helicobacter spp. in the cecal and colonic glands and occasionally in the gastric lumen and pits. Mesenteric lymph nodes and feces from 8 of the animals were submitted for PCR analysis for the detection of mouse parvovirus, mouse minute virus, mouse hepatitis virus, and Helicobacter spp.; 7 of the samples were PCR-positive for Helicobacter spp. At this time, wild mice found in our animal facilities do not appear to be a significant source of common laboratory mouse viral pathogens. However, they are a potential source of Helicobacter infections.
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PMID:Helicobacter spp. in wild mice (Peromyscus leucopus) found in laboratory animal facilities. 1993 Aug 23

In this study, we investigated the prevalence of infectious microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi and eukaryotic parasites) in mice from different pet shops in Germany; such animals may compromise the hygienic integrity of laboratory animal vivaria if private pet holders act as unintended vectors of infections carried by them. House mice sold as pets or feed specimens were purchased from different pet shops and tested for a comprehensive panel of unwanted microorganisms. We found a number of microorganisms in these pet shop mice, the most prevalent of which were Helicobacter species (92.9%), mouse parvovirus (89.3%), mouse hepatitis virus (82.7%), Pasteurella pneumotropica (71.4%) and Syphacia species (57.1%). Several microorganisms (e.g. mouse parvovirus, Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus, pneumonia virus of mice, Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Clostridium piliforme) had considerably higher prevalences than those reported in similar studies on wild mice from North America, Europe or Australia. Our study shows that direct contact with pet shop mice may constitute a risk for laboratory animal vivaria if hygienic precautions are not taken. However, even relatively simple precautions seem effective enough to hold the risk at bay.
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PMID:Infectious microorganisms in mice (Mus musculus) purchased from commercial pet shops in Germany. 2150 17

Detection of mouse parvovirus (MPV) and other murine pathogens in research colonies is dependent on the transmissibility of the agents and the sensitivity of sentinels to those agents. Transmissibility is based on several agent-dependent properties including mode of transmission, infectivity, and environmental stability, whereas host susceptibility can vary according to mouse age, strain, and sex. In this study, 4-wk-old, 12-wk-old, and aged Swiss Webster female sentinel mice were compared for their ability to detect infectious agents by using a standardized health surveillance program, to determine whether sentinels should be replaced more frequently to improve the efficiency of detection of infectious agents within a murine colony. Both experimentally and naturally infected mice were used to transmit MPV and other infectious agents from index mice to sentinels. First, Swiss Webster mice were inoculated with MPV, and transmission to 4-, 12-, and 24-wk-old contact and soiled-bedding sentinels was determined. Second, mice naturally infected with 9 infectious agents were obtained from 2 local pet stores, and transmission to 4-wk-old contact sentinels and 4-, 12-, and 44-wk-old soiled-bedding sentinels was determined. For agents that were transmitted via soiled bedding (MPV, mouse hepatitis virus, murine norovirus, Theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus, and pinworms), transmission did not differ in regard to the age of the sentinels. In conclusion, susceptibility to several infectious agents did not differ according to sentinel age in a health-surveillance protocol that used mice older than 12 wk.
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PMID:Age-associated variability in susceptibility of Swiss Webster mice to MPV and other excluded murine pathogens. 2329 85

Electrospraying (ES) dissolved viral particles, followed by charge reduction and size analysis with a differential mobility analyzer (DMA), offers a flexible size-analysis tool for small particles in solution. The technique relies on pioneering work by Kaufman and colleagues, commercialized by TSI, and often referred to as GEMMA. However, viral studies with TSI's GEMMA have suffered from limited resolving power, possibly because of imperfections in either the instrument (DMA or charge reduction) or the sample solution preparation. Here, we explore the limits of the resolution achievable by GEMMA, taking advantage of (i) cleaner charge reduction methods and (ii) DMAs of higher resolving power. Analysis of the literature provides indications that mobility peak widths (fwhm) of 2% or less may be achieved by combining careful sample preparation with improved instrumentation. Working with purified PP7 bacteriophage particles small enough to be classifiable by existing high-resolution DMAs, we confirm that fairly narrow viral mobility peaks may be obtained (relative full width at half-maximum fwhm <5%). Comparison of spectra of a given apian virus sample obtained with TSI's GEMMA and our improved instrumentation confirms that one critical limitation is the DMA. This is further verified by narrow peaks from murine parvovirus, norovirus, and encephalomyelitis virus samples, obtained in our improved GEMMA with little sample preparation, directly from infected cell cultures. Classification of purified large (60 nm) coliphage PR772 particles leads to broad peaks, due to both viral degradation and limited intrinsic resolution of the DMAs used to cover the range of such large particles. We conclude that improved DMAs suitable for high-resolution analysis of particles larger than 30 nm need to be developed to determine the intrinsic mobility width of viral particles.
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PMID:Virus Size Analysis by Gas-Phase Mobility Measurements: Resolution Limits. 3150 89


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