Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A serologic study was made of five Canadian mouse colonies to determine the prevalence of antibodies to 11 murine viruses. A total of 139 sera from the five colonies were evaluated by complement fixation or hemagglutination inhibition methods. Viral antibodies were present in all five colonies. Antibodies to pneumonia virus of mice, minute virus of mice, Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus, and reovirus type 3 were found in all five colonies. K-virus antibodies were present in four colonies. Polyoma virus antibodies were found in two colonies and Sendai virus antibodies in two other colonies. Mouse hepatitis virus antibodies were present at a low prevalence in three of the five colonies. No antibodies to adenovirus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, and ectromelia were detected in any of the colonies.
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PMID:Serologic study on the prevalence of murine viruses in five Canadian mouse colonies. 20 96

Study of viremia in susceptible experimental animals showed all the blood fractions to take part in the infectious process both in acute diseases and in the chronic course of infections caused by various neuroviruses. Thus in animals infected with human acute encephalomyelitis, tick-borne encephalitis, lymphocytic choriomeningitis viruses viremia was observed throughout the entire short period of infection terminating fatally, as a rule. In such cases viremia was of a mixed character, the viruses being found in all blood fractions. The intensity of viremia and the degree of involvement of plasm and blood cell elements into the infectious process may depend upon the animal species, virus strains, form of the disease (acute, chronic). In chronic encephalomyelitis in rats and guinea pigs infected with human acute encephalomyelitis virus viremia are observed for two years (the observation period). In chronic encephalomyelitis blood cells were more actively involved in the infectious process. Virus was found in leukocytes and erythrocytes more frequently than in plasm, though the total amount of virus in the blood was much lower than that in the acute form of this disease. Sequential multiple passages of AEM virus from the blood to the brain in experiments with some strains resulted in intensive viremia thereby demonstrating the possibility of AEM adaptation to the blood tissue.
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PMID:[Study of viremia in experimental neuroviral infections]. 122 Feb 45

The results of a serological survey of a free-living population of meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) in Pinawa, Manitoba (Canada) showed that these animals possessed antibodies to six of the eleven viruses tested for, namely: reovirus type 3, murine encephalomyelitis agent, ectromelia virus, murine adenovirus, murine hepatitis virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The significant increase in the number of individuals possessing specific antibodies suggests that these viruses, or related viruses, may be responsible for the decline in the population studied.
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PMID:[Serological study of the incidence of murine viruses in a population of small wild rodents (Microtus pennsylvanicus Ord, 1815)]. 133 64

This prospective study reports the clinical and epidemiological features of 187 consecutive patients with neuroborreliosis recognized in Denmark over the 6-yr period, 1985-1990. Only patients with intrathecal Borrelia burgdorferi specific antibody synthesis were included. In 1990 regional incidences varied between 5.7 and 24.1 per million. Ninety-four percent of the patients had early (second stage) neuroborreliosis. The most common manifestation was a painful lymphocytic meningoradiculitis (Bannwarth's syndrome) either with paresis (61%) or as a radicular pain syndrome only (25%). Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in early neuroborreliosis was rare; 4% had signs of myelitis and only one patient had acute encephalitis. Children showed a different course of the disease. Six percent of the patients suffered a chronic course with a disease duration between 6 mths and 6 yrs either as chronic lymphocytic meningitis (1.6%) or as third stage chronic encephalomyelitis (4.3%). Meningeal signs were rare despite pronounced inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes (median cell count 160/microliters; median protein concentration 1.13 g/l). High dose i.v. penicillin G was administered to 91% of the patients. Based on the clinical outcome and normalization of CSF no treatment failures were recognized. The final morbidity after a median follow-up of 33 mths was low; disabling sequelae were reported in nine patients, mainly those with previous CNS involvement. We conclude that neuroborreliosis is a common and characteristic neurological disorder. The diagnosis should be based on the demonstration of inflammatory CSF changes and B. burgdorferi specific intrathecal antibody production.
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PMID:The clinical and epidemiological profile of Lyme neuroborreliosis in Denmark 1985-1990. A prospective study of 187 patients with Borrelia burgdorferi specific intrathecal antibody production. 160 75

The serological survey, analyzing sera which were obtained from Lyme disease suspected subjects was performed using immunoperoxidase (IP) test between July, 1987 and February, 1989. Fifteen seropositive subjects to Borrelia burgdorferi have been found in this survey, and these cases were considered to be true Lyme disease or highly suspected for this illness. Most of these seropositive cases geographically occurred in northern part of Japan, and both sexes and all age subjects were affected. In clinical manifestations, 5 cases developed a typical skin lesion of erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) followed by tick-bite. Neurologic manifestations were found in 6 cases, including one patient who also had ECM after a known tick bite. Of these neurologic manifestations, 4 cases had lymphocytic meningitis, 3 unilateral or bilateral facial palsy, and one encephalomyelitis. When 8 of these 15 sera were analyzed for antibodies to Lyme disease with ELISA, a poor agreement of serodiagnosis between IP test and ELISA has been found in the course of this study.
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PMID:[Studies on 15 seropositive cases to Lyme disease using immunoperoxidase test in Japan]. 188 Apr 40

Sixteen wild Peromyscus leucopus, trapped for the establishment of a breeding colony, developed signs of neurological damage (trembling, incoordination, circling, head tilt, and lameness of the rear legs) 2-47 days after capture in southern Wisconsin. Spirochetes were cultured from the brain of 5/11 mice, and Borrelia burgdorferi was cultured from 1 brain. A spirochete was isolated from the bladder of 1 mouse. The spirochete was identified by fluorescent antibody staining with the monoclonal antibody specific for B. burgdorferi, H5332. Serum antibodies to the spirochete were found in 14/15 mice. Negative results were obtained in all tests for viruses and bacteria, including Listeria (2/2), Mycoplasma (2/2), mouse hepatitis virus (10/10), Theilers's encephalomyelitis virus (GD VII) (8/8), REO 3 virus (2/2), and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (4/4). There was no bacterial growth from brains cultured on eosin methylene blue or blood agar (3/3). Histologic lesions included nonsuppurative cellular infiltrates in the brain, kidney, liver, and lung. Three outbred Swiss-Webster mice were inoculated orally with a suspension of the brain in BSKII medium, and 3 were inoculated with unpassed B. burgdorferi cultured from the brain of a P. leucopus with motor dysfunction. Five of the inoculated mice developed antibody titers of 1:128; one mouse was positive at 1:256. Motor signs of neurologic damage developed in 3/6 mice 2-24 weeks post-inoculation, and B. burgdorferi was detected in the brains of 2 mice by isolation and by fluorescent antibody.
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PMID:Systemic disease in Peromyscus leucopus associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. 231 94

From 1984 to 1988 one thousand serologic investigations of laboratory animal colonies originating from 10 different European countries were performed. The most prevalent infections in mouse stocks were caused by Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), Minute virus of mice (MVM), Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus (TEMV), Reovirus type 3 (Reo3), Sendaivirus, and Pneumonia virus of mice (PVM). In mice no infections with Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM), Polyomavirus, Mouse adenovirus, and K-virus were recorded. Only two colonies were infected by Ectromelia virus. The first six virus infections of mice were also found in rat colonies as well as the rat-specific Coronaviruses (Sialodacryoadenitisvirus--SDA, Rat corona virus--RCV) and Parvovirus (Kilham rat virus--KRV, Toolan H-1 virus) being endemic. Antibodies to Bacillus piliformis were detectable in about 50% of rat stocks screened. This is in contrast to the mouse, where only about 10% of the colonies were found to be positive. A similar picture was seen for M. pulmonis which is primarily an infection of the rat. In mice no case was detected during the last two years. The number of investigations performed from guineapig, hamster and rabbit colonies was relatively low. Nevertheless, antibodies against the following antigens were detectable: In guineapig stocks: Reo3, PVM, Sendai, Simian virus 5 (SV5) and B. piliformis; in rabbits: Reo3, Sendavirus, SV5, and B. piliformis; in hamsters: PVM, LCM and B. piliformis. The overall contamination rate showed a continuous decrease until 1988. Nevertheless, about 50% of mouse and rat stocks still exhibited antibodies to one or more viral infections.
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PMID:Seromonitoring in small laboratory animal colonies. A five year survey: 1984-1988. 232 35

Powassan virus strain M794, a member of the Flavivirus genus known to infect man and animals in Canada, was inoculated intracerebrally into rabbits and horses. No clinical signs were observed in rabbits, but widespread encephalitis resulted, characterized by lymphoid perivascular cuffing, lymphocytic meningitis, and lymphocytic choroiditis. In horses, eight days after inoculation, prominent neurological signs occurred and lesions were those of non-suppurative encephalomyelitis, neuronal necrosis, and focal parenchymal necrosis. The virus could not be reisolated from the rabbit or horse brains. Pathologic features, useful in separating some of the common North American equine neurological diseases, are discussed.
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PMID:Powassan viral encephalitis: a review and experimental studies in the horse and rabbit. 299 3

The neurological spectrum of Borrelia burgdorferi infections is still enlarging. We review epidemiological, pathological and serological data of Lyme disease. The course of the disease is divided in three stages: stage 1 during the first month is characterised by erythema chronicum migrans and associated manifestations; stage 2 includes not only the classical European meningoradiculitis but also less specific neurological symptoms: isolated lymphocytic meningitis with an acute or even relapsing course, apparently idiopathic facial palsy, neuritis of other cranial nerves, polyneuritis cranialis, Argyll-Robertson sign, peripheral nerve involvement, acute transverse myelitis, severe encephalitis, myositis. During stage 3, three to five months or longer after the onset of the disease, chronic arthritis, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and various neurological symptoms can be observed: chronic neuropathy with mainly sensory or motor signs, recurrent strokes due to cerebral angiopathy and progressive encephalomyelitis; this third stage the central nervous system involvement is characterised by slowly progressive or fluctuating course during months or years, ataxic or spastic gait disorder, bladder disturbances, cranial nerve dysfunction including optic atrophy and hypoacusia, dysarthria, focal and diffuse encephalopathy. This chronic central nervous system disease can mimic multiple sclerosis, anorexia nervosa, psychic disorders or subacute presenile dementia. It is often associated with pleiocytosis, abnormal EEG and evoked potentials, sometimes multifocal and mainly periventricular white matter lesions visualised by CT or MRI, and as a rule high antibody titers against Borrelia burgdorferi. High doses of penicillin can halt the disease, sometimes induce spectacular regression of symptoms or sometimes be inefficient; ceftriaxone could be a more powerful therapy. Similarities between syphilis and Borreliosis are multiple: both of these spirochetes contain plasmids, can be transmitted through the placenta and progress for many years through successive stages, with multiorgan symptoms, including parenchymatous and vascular lesions of the central nervous system. Borrelia burgdorferi is the new great imitator.
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PMID:[Multiple neurologic manifestations of Borrelia burgdorferi infection]. 307 Jun 90

The demography and serology of a population of wild meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were monitored from 1982 to 1984 near Pinawa, Manitoba, Canada. Serologic tests were performed on 486 samples to detect the presence of viral antibodies to 11 common murine viruses. Meadow voles showed evidence of infection with Theiler's encephalomyelitis, reovirus-type-3, ectromelia, lymphocytic choriomeningitis, adenovirus, and mouse hepatitis viruses. At times of good survival and breeding performance the population was nearly free of evidence of viral infection. During a period of severe mortality in the winter of 1982-1983, evidence of infection by Theiler's encephalomyelitis virus and reovirus-type-3 was obtained. A high prevalence of antibodies and high titers to these two viruses were characteristic of voles that were captured late in the decline in density in the spring of 1983. This association of mortality with a viral outbreak is consistent with the hypothesis that vole population declines are sometimes related to opportunistic pathogens present in the voles' biotic and social environment.
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PMID:Serologic study on the prevalence of murine viruses in a population of wild meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus). 352 73


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