Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In recent years, advances in the diagnosis and treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) have been achieved due to the prevalence of antiviral drugs and the introduction of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test the cerebrospinal fluid. The several clinical forms of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections of the central nervous system (CNS), including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and brainstem encephalitis, have been clarified. However, fatal, prolonged, or relapsed cases are still observed, and early detection and appropriate treatment is necessary to lead to a good prognosis for these intractable HSE cases. In adult HSV-2 infections, meningitis and myelitis associated with genital herpes are common. In the past, HSV-2 myelitis has been reported as a form of fatal necrotizing myelopathy; however, using PCR and magnetic resonance imaging studies, mild surviving cases are increasingly likely to be identified. Meanwhile, various CNS syndromes resulting from the herpes group viruses, including varicella-zoster virus and Epstein-Barr virus have also been reported. These herpesviruses have several characteristics in common, e.g., they exist in the latent state and they occur in both mucocutaneous and CNS infections. Adult HSV-1 and -2 infections of the CNS are discussed together with other herpes group virus infections of the CNS.
 ...
PMID:Herpesvirus infections of the central nervous system. 1197 Nov 55

Simian herpes B virus or Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (CeHV-1) is enzootic (80% to 100%) in Asian monkeys of the genus Macaca but is also present in other monkey species. This virus, discovered in 1933, is closely related to human herpesvirus 1 and human herpesvirus 2, responsible respectively for labial and genital herpes. CeHV-1 infection is generally asymptomatic or mild in monkeys but in humans it may lead to fulminant encephalomyelitis that has an 80% lethality rate without treatment. Infections in humans are usually attributed to animal bites or scratches or to percutaneous or mucosal inoculation with infected materials from asymptomatic monkeys. Although the incidence of human infection with CeHV-1 is low, until the availability of antiviral therapy its death rate made this virus a serious zoonotic threat. Even now, good knowledge of its clinical signs and risk factors is essential for only they allow early and swift antiviral therapy (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) and prevent severe disease or fatal outcome. This article describes the virus, the resulting disease in human and a suspected clinical case involving a woman bit by a vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) in Garamba National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
 ...
PMID:[Human infection with simian herpes B virus in Africa]. 1868 83