Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 25-year-old man was hospitalized because of dyspnoea and retrosternal pain. There were clinical and radiological signs of severe left ventricular failure which within a few hours necessitated artificial ventilation. A year before he had been diagnosed as having pseudohyperparathyroidism and disseminated encephalomyelitis. Administration of calcium and vitamin D was only partially efficacious. On admission the calcium concentration was 1.5 mmol/l. The severe left ventricular failure did not respond adequately to the usual therapeutic measures including artificial ventilation and catecholamines. A cumulative dose of about 50 mmol calcium was administered intravenously over 10 days, but marked improvement in myocardial function already became apparent at a calcium concentration of about 1.8 mmol/l. Lasting correction of the hypocalcaemia was achieved with 0.5 g calcium three times daily by mouth and 0.5 mg/d dihydrotachysterol. After transfer to a special neurological department because of an acute attack of multiple sclerosis there was no detectable impairment of cardiac function. This case demonstrates that hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of heart failure in previously well young persons who do not respond adequately to the usual treatment. Myocardial impairment is fully reversible after administration of calcium.
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PMID:[Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy as the cause of severe left heart failure]. 792 18

Autoimmune pathology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is generally restricted to the brain. Our objective is to expand the phenotype of ADEM. A four-year-old girl was admitted to the pediatric emergency room of a university medical center five days after a common upper respiratory tract infection. Acute symptoms were fever, leg pain, and headaches. She developed meningeal signs, and her level of consciousness dropped rapidly. Epileptic seizure activity started, and she became comatose, requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation. Serial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) illustrated the fulminant development of ADEM. Treatment escalation with high-dose corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, and plasma exchange did not lead to clinical improvement. On day ten, the patient developed treatment-refractory cardiogenic shock and passed away. The postmortem assessment confirmed ADEM and revealed acute lymphocytic myocarditis, likely explaining the acute cardiac failure. Human metapneumovirus and picornavirus were detected in the tracheal secrete by PCR. Data sources-medical chart of the patient. This case is consistent with evidence from experimental findings of an association of ADEM with myocarditis as a postinfectious systemic autoimmune response, with life-threatening involvement of the brain and heart.
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PMID:Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis with Seizures and Myocarditis: A Fatal Triad. 3251 53