Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0014070 (encephalomyelitis)
 13,017 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Blood-engorged Coquillettidia perturbans, Psorophora ferox, Culex, Culiseta, and Aedes mosquitoes were collected principally by sweep net from salt marsh and woodland habitats in Connecticut. Of the 570 mosquitoes tested, precipitin tests identified the origins of 517 blood meals and revealed distinct host feeding patterns. Aedes mosquitoes fed chiefly on mammals; A. abserratus, A. cantator, and A. vexans showed selectivity for cattle and (or) horses. A. cantator also obtained blood from avian hosts and, in some instances, showed mixed passerine-mammal blood meals. These findings increase the vector potential of this salt marsh mosquito for eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus. Feedings on deer by A. abserratus suggest potential involvement of this mosquito in the transmission of certain subtypes of California encephalitis. Culex-pipiens, C. restuans, Culiseta melanura, and Cs. morsitans dyari acquired blood almost exclusively from passeriform birds.
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PMID:Host feeding patterns of Connecticut mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). 1 10

A 24-year-old man from rural Mississippi had a case of California encephalitis (CE) that evolved as a subacute encephalomyelitis. The incidence of CE in adults is low, especially in the southeastern United States, and to our knowledge the clinical profile of symptomatic disease in adults has not been established. The characteristics of CE and St Louis encephalitis, the usual cause of arboviral illness affecting adults in the Southeast, differ.
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PMID:California encephalitis virus causes subacute encephalomyelitis in an adult. 396 90

The outcomes of diseases caused by Inkoo and Tahyna viruses are favorable. No lethal cases were observed. Altogether 16.7% of convalescents after the febrile form of the disease and 30.7% convalescents after the neuroinfections form develop 1 to 2.5 years after the disease (follow-up period) asthenoneurologic disturbances and microfocal neurologic symptoms. Blood sera of 118 patients with chronic neurologic diseases were tested in the neutralization test with Inkoo and Tahyna viruses. Summary antibodies to Inkoo and Tahyna viruses were detected in 26 (70.3%) of 37 examined patients with disseminated encephalomyelitis. The findings point to necessity of further study of the possible role of California encephalitis group viruses in the etiology of chronic neuroviral infections.
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PMID:[Outcomes and prognosis of diseases caused by Inkoo and Tahyna viruses]. 776 35

During 1995-2000, mosquitoes were collected from sites throughout Rhode Island and tested for the presence of arboviruses. Mosquito trapping was done weekly from June to October with CO2-baited light traps. In all, 186,537 mosquitoes belonging to 7 different genera were collected, of which Coquillettidia perturbans was most abundant. A total of 6,434 pools were processed for arbovirus isolation, from which 193 arboviral isolations were made. These included 109 Highlands J, 71 eastern equine encephalomyelitis, 1 California encephalitis serogroup, 2 Jamestown Canyon, 3 Cache Valley, and 9 Flanders viruses. Our isolations of Flanders virus represent the 1st reported occurrence of this virus in Rhode Island. After the 1999 sudden occurrence of the West Nile virus (WN) in the New York City area, a dead-bird surveillance program was started to test for this virus. Although no isolations of WN were made from mosquitoes, 87 virus isolations were made from a total of 330 wild birds tested. All the WN-infected birds were either American crows or blue jays. Isolation of WN from dead birds marked the 1st documented appearance of this virus in Rhode Island. Significant interannual variation of arbovirus activity in Rhode Island prompted us to examine if climate-associated factors such as rainfall and temperature correlate with virus activity. Total rainfall amounts from May to June were higher than normal in 1996 and 1998. These years showed significantly higher arbovirus activity. Deviations from normal temperature showed low correlation with arbovirus activity during the 6-year study period. Therefore, precipitation appeared to be more important than temperature in predicting arbovirus activity in Rhode Island.
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PMID:Arbovirus surveillance in Rhode Island: assessing potential ecologic and climatic correlates. 1452 38

Balamuthia mandrillaris is a free-living ameba that causes encephalitis in humans (both immunocompetent and immunocompromised), horses, dogs, sheep, and nonhuman primates. The ameba is present in soil and likely is transmitted by inhalation of airborne cysts or by direct contamination of a skin lesion. Approximately 150 cases of balamuthiasis have been reported worldwide since recognition of the disease in 1990. Balamuthiasis is difficult to diagnose because 1) the clinical symptoms mimic those of several other types of encephalitis, 2) few laboratories perform appropriate diagnostic testing, and 3) many physicians are unaware of the disease. The lack of recognition and subsequent delay in diagnosis might be a factor in its high mortality. Since 1998, the California Encephalitis Project (CEP) has been testing encephalitis cases for both common and uncommon agents known to cause encephalitis, including Balamuthia. This report describes the 10 balamuthiasis cases identified by CEP during 1999-2007. The preliminary diagnoses in these cases included neurotuberculosis, viral meningoencephalitis, neurocysticercosis, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. All but one patient died. These findings underscore the importance of increasing awareness among clinicians, epidemiologists, and public health officials for timely recognition and potential treatment of Balamuthia encephalitis.
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PMID:Balamuthia amebic encephalitis--California, 1999-2007. 1863 64